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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Gene M. Ko A. Srinivas Reddy Sunil Kumar Rajni Garg Barbara A. Bailey Ahmad R. Hadaegh Computational Science Research Center San Diego State University San Diego CA USA La Jolla Bioengineering Institute San Diego CA USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering San Diego State University San Diego CA USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics San Diego State University San Diego CA USA Department of Computer Science and Information Systems California State University San Marcos San Marcos CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467315104

A hybrid differential evolution-binary particle swarm optimization (DE-BPSO) algorithm is proposed as a feature selection algorithm in the development of quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models. DE is used to evolve the velocities of the particle swarm from which a series of rules are used to determine the discrete values of the position vectors which form chemical descriptor subsets. These descriptor subsets are then used to develop models for QSAR analysis. DE-BPSO was found to outperform the standalone BPSO algorithm. The DE-BPSO algorithm was then used to develop multiple linear regression models for the analysis of aryl β-diketo acid compounds for the inhibition of HIV-1 integrase. This model highlights the significance of hydrophobicity and partial positive charges of the hydrogen atoms on the molecular surface in influencing the biological activities of these compounds for the inhibition of HIV-1 integrase.

关键词： Biological system modeling Computational modeling Analytical models Vectors Compounds Chemicals Optimization

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Corrigendum to “Cost-minimized combinations of wind power, solar power and electrochemical storage, powering the grid up to 99.9% of the time” [J. Power Sources 225 (2013) 60–74]

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Journal of Power Sources 2013年 232卷 402-402页

作者： Cory Budischak DeAnna Sewell Heather Thomson Leon Mach Dana E. Veron Willett Kempton Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA Department of Energy Management Delaware Technical Community College 400 Stanton-Christiana Road Newark DE 19713 USA Center for Carbon-Free Power Integration School of Marine Science and Policy College of Earth Ocean and Environment University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA Energy and Environmental Policy Program College of Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA Center for Electric Technology DTU Elektro Danmarks Tekniske Universitet Kgs. Lungby Denmark

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Counting leukocytes from whole blood using a lab-on-a-chip Coulter counter

Counting leukocytes from whole blood using a lab-on-a-chip C...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Zhe Mei Sung Hwan Cho Arthur Zhang Jie Dai Tsung-Feng Wu Yu-Hwa Lo School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081China NanoSort Inc. San Diego California 92121 visiting scholars affiliated with Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093-0407 USA. Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California at San Diego La Jolla California 92093-0418 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093-0407 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441198

A microfluidic lab-on-a-chip Coulter counter was demonstrated to count micro particles and leukocytes from whole blood. Instead of electroplated or deposited metal electrodes, off-the-shelf gold pins were used as electrodes to simplify fabrication process, reduce cost, enhance device durability, and above all, achieve superior uniformity in E-field distribution for improved signal quality. A custom-designed, low-cost demodulation circuit was developed to detect the AC impedance signals of the particles and cells passing the detection area defined by the microfluidic channels. A mixture of polystyrene beads with three different sizes was used to characterize the device. The results showed high throughput at 2000 particles/s and clear separation among different sizes of beads with coefficients of variation (CV) of 13.53%, 10.35% and 5.67% for 7.66μm, 10.5μm and 14.7μmbeads, respectively. To demonstrate the potential for a point-of-care or self-administered device for cancer patients going through chemotherapy, we have used the lab-on-a-chip device to count leukocytes from whole blood, generating encouraging preliminary results comparable to the results from a commercial flow cytometer.

关键词： Counting leukocytes whole blood using a lab-on-a-chip

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Contextualizing professionalism in capstone projects using the IDEALS professional responsibility assessment

Contextualizing professionalism in capstone projects using t...

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作者： McCormack, Jay Beyerlein, Steve Davis, Denny Trevisan, Michael Lebeau, Jennifer Davis, Howard Howe, Susannah Brackin, Patricia Thompson, Phillip Gerlick, Robert Javed Khan, M. Leiffer, Paul Mechanical Engineering Department University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844-0902 United States Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-2710 United States College of Education Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-2114 United States College of Education Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-2136 United States Picker Engineering Program Smith College Northampton MA 01063 United States Mechanical Engineering Department Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Terre-Haute IN 47803 United States Civil and Environmental Engineering Seattle University Seattle WA 98122-4340 United States Mechanical Engineering Technology Pittsburg State University Pittsburg KS 66762 United States Aerospace Science Engineering Tuskegee University Tuskegee AL 36088 United States Electrical Engineering Le Tourneau University Longview TX 75605 United States

Professionalism, which includes engineering ethics, is recognized as a valued topic in industry and education but it is difficult to teach and assess. This paper presents a web-based professional responsibility instrument and accompanying rubric, which is used to assess student understanding and skillinanalyzing areas of strength and opportunity surrounding a professional responsibility issue associated with the student's design project. Students completing the assessment most frequently rated work competence asboth highly important and an area of team strength while issues of sustainability were least frequently cited. The scored results of this assessment revealed that students were moderately effective at relating issues of professional responsibility tosituations within their projects as well asaddressing themin a responsible manner. In a post-assessment survey, students and faculty rated the assessment as somewhat accurate to mostly accurate. An interrater agreement study of the assessment showed that scorers were on average within one level of difference on the scoring rubric 97% of the time. Results of administering the assessment in a capstone course can be easily packaged and presented as part of a program accreditation self-study. © 2012 TEMPUS Publications.

关键词： Students

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On-chip western blotting: In-situ renaturation of SDS-protein complexes unifies sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sizing & blotting in one microdevice

On-chip western blotting: In-situ renaturation of SDS-protei...

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15th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences 2011, MicroTAS 2011

作者： Hou, Chenlu Herr, Amy E. University of California Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Berkeley United States University of California Bioengineering Berkeley United States University of California UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering Berkeley United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781618395955

Western blotting readily identifies specific proteins amidst complex biological backgrounds [1, 2]. Nevertheless, immunob-lotting suffers from tremendous labor-intensive and time-intensive requirements [3]. The slab-gel assays require 1-2 days for completion with multiple hands-on "blotting" steps and yield semi-quantitative information. Recently, our group has introduced new approaches for completing Western blotting. The microfluidic integration strategies introduced and used allow rapid results reporting, full assay automation, and limited sample consumption (1-10 uL). Our integration strategies use spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal modulation of separation mechanisms in fully electrophoretic systems. The present study reports on recapitulation of immunoaffinity in previously sized proteins, using novel in-transit electrophoretic removal of SDS from SDS-protein complexes. Early results show both the length- and timescales for protein 'renaturation' are compatible with on-chip operation. Further, substantial binding affinity is recapitulated using this streamlined and promising approach.

关键词： Sodium dodecyl sulfate

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Research Highlights: Highlights from the last year in nanomedicine

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Nanomedicine 2012年第1期8卷 13-15页

作者： Brian Dorvel Gregory Damhorst Vincent Chan Jiwook Shim Shouvik Banerjee Caroline Cvetkovic Ritu Raman Rashid Bashir Department of Biophysics & Computational Biology University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign IL USA Micro & Nanotechnology Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign 208 N Wright St Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign IL USA Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign IL USA Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign IL USA Micro & Nanotechnology Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign 208 N Wright St Urbana IL 61801 USA.

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A multivariate logistical model for identifying the compressive sensitivity of single rat tactile receptors as nanobiosensors

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Journal of Nanotechnology in engineering and Medicine 2011年第1期2卷 011002页

作者： Kohles, Sean S. Bradshaw, Sam Mason, Shelley S. Looft, Fred J. Reparative Bioengineering Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Portland State University Portland OR 97201 United States Department of Surgery Oregon Health and Science University Portland OR 97239 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA 01609 United States Reparative Bioengineering Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Department of Biology Portland State University Portland OR 97201 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA 01609 United States PMC-Sierra Roseville CA United States

Tactile sensation is a complex manifestation of mechanical stimuli applied to the skin. At the most fundamental level of the somatosensory system is the cutaneous mechanoreceptor. The objective here was to establish a framework for modeling afferent mechanoreceptor behavior as a nanoscale biosensor under dynamic compressive loads using multivariate regression techniques. A multivariate logistical model was chosen because the system contains continuous input variables and a singular binary-output variable corresponding to the nerve action potential. Subsequently, this method was used to quantify the sensitivity of ten rapidly adapting afferents from rat hairy skin due to the stimulus metrics of compressive stress, strain, their respective time derivatives, and interactions. In vitro experiments involving compressive stimulation of isolated afferents using pseudorandom and nonrepeating noise sequences were completed. An analysis of the data was performed using multivariate logistical regression producing odds ratios (ORs) as a metric associated with mechanotransduction. It was determined that cutaneous mechanoreceptors are preferentially sensitive to stress (mean ORmax=26.10), stress rate (mean ORmax=15.03), strain (mean ORmax=12.01), and strain rate (mean ORmax=7.29) typically occurring within 7.3 ms of the nerve response. As a novel approach to receptor characterization, this analytical framework was validated for the multiple-input, binaryoutput neural system. © 2010 by ASME.

关键词： Rats

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Adaptive resolution ADC array for an implantable neural sensor

Adaptive resolution ADC array for an implantable neural sens...

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作者： O'Driscoll, Stephen Shenoy, Krishna V. Meng, Teresa H. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis CA 95161 United States Departments of Electrical Engineering and Bioengineering Neurosciences Program Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 United States

This paper describes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) array for an implantable neural sensor which digitizes neural signals sensed by a microelectrode array. The ADC array consists of 96 variable resolution ADC base cells. The resolution of each ADC cell in the array is varied according to neural data content of the signal from the corresponding electrode. The resolution adaptation algorithm is essentially to periodically recalibrate the required resolution and this is done without requiring any additional ADC cells. The adaptation implementation and results are described. The base ADC cell is implemented using a successive approximation charge redistribution architecture. The choice of architecture and circuit design are presented. The base ADC has been implemented in 0.13 \mum CMOS as a 100 kS/s SAR ADC whose resolution can be varied from 3 to 8 bits with corresponding power consumption of 0.23 \muW to 0.90 \muW achieving an ENOB of 7.8 at the 8-bit setting. The energy per conversion step figure of merit is 48 fJ/step at the 8-bit setting. Resolution adaptation reduces power consumption by a factor of 2.3 for typical motor neuron signals while maintaining an effective 7.8-bit resolution across all channels. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Analog to digital conversion

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Modularity detection in protein-protein interaction networks

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BMC Research Notes 2011年第1期4卷 1-6页

作者： Narayanan, Tejaswini Gersten, Merril Subramaniam, Shankar Grama, Ananth Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego United States Graduate Program in Bioinformatics and Systems Biology University of California San Diego United States Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego United States Department of Computer Science Purdue University West Lafayette IN United States

Background: Many recent studies have investigated modularity in biological networks, and its role in functional and structural characterization of constituent biomolecules. A technique that has shown considerable promise in the domain of modularity detection is the Newman and Girvan (NG) algorithm, which relies on the number of shortest-paths across pairs of vertices in the network traversing a given edge, referred to as the betweenness of that edge. The edge with the highest betweenness is iteratively eliminated from the network, with the betweenness of the remaining edges recalculated in every iteration. This generates a complete dendrogram, from which modules are extracted by applying a quality metric called modularity denoted by Q. This exhaustive computation can be prohibitively expensive for large networks such as Protein-Protein Interaction Networks. In this paper, we present a novel optimization to the modularity detection algorithm, in terms of an efficient termination criterion based on a target edge betweenness value, using which the process of iterative edge removal may be terminated. Results: We validate the robustness of our approach by applying our algorithm on real-world protein-protein interaction networks of Yeast, *** and Drosophila, and demonstrate that our algorithm consistently has significant computational gains in terms of reduced runtime, when compared to the NG algorithm. Furthermore, our algorithm produces modules comparable to those from the NG algorithm, qualitatively and quantitatively. We illustrate this using comparison metrics such as module distribution, module membership cardinality, modularity Q, and Jaccard Similarity Coefficient. Conclusions: We have presented an optimized approach for efficient modularity detection in networks. The intuition driving our approach is the extraction of holistic measures of centrality from graphs, which are representative of inherent modular structure of the underlying network, and the applic

关键词： Biological Network Jaccard Index Input Network High Betweenness Jaccard Similarity Coefficient

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A virtual eye for use in an Optometry clinic

A virtual eye for use in an Optometry clinic

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2nd International Conference on User science and engineering, i-USEr 2011

作者： Turuwhenua, Jason Naqvi, Husnain Sulayman, Muhammad Riaz, Mehwish Auckland Bioengineering Institute Department of Optometry and Vision Science University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand Department of Computer Science University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9781457716553

It is important that eye care professionals have access to tools that accurately and efficiently convey the results of an eye exam to students and patients. This paper describes work-in-progress on a software system that displays a patient specific 3-dimensional model of the eye, as well as the effects of refractive errors (errors of focus) to the patient. We have used a focus group as a means for gathering preliminary feedback on our software, some of the themes that emerged from our discussions are presented. Future directions for the software are mentioned. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： computer software

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