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Sensors - Topical Conference at the 2011 AIChE Annual Meetings

作者： Kwak, Kwang Joo Wen, Xuejin Liao, Wei-Ching Gupta, Cherry Yu, Bo Valincius, Gintaras Vanderah, David J. Lu, Wu Lee, L. James NSF Nanoscale Sci. And Eng. Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Device Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Chemical and BiomolecularEngineering Electrical and Computer Engineering Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Electrical and ComputerEngineering Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Chemistry and Bioengineering Institute of Biochemistry Mokslininku 12 Vilnius08662 Lithuania RockvilleMD20850 United States Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States

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BioN∅T: A searchable database of biomedical negated sentences

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BMC Bioinformatics 2011年第1期12卷 1-7页

作者： Agarwal, Shashank Yu, Hong Kohane, Issac Medical Informatics College of Engineering and Applied Sciences University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee 3200 N. Cramer St. Milwaukee WI 53201-0784 United States Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering College of Engineering and Applied Sciences University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee 3200 N. Cramer St. Milwaukee WI 53201-0784 United States Department of Health Sciences College of Health Science University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee 2400 E. Hartford Ave. Milwaukee WI 53211 United States Children's Hospital Informatics Program Children's Hospital 300 Longwood Ave. Enders-6 Boston MA 02115 United States

Background: Negated biomedical events are often ignored by text-mining applications;however, such events carry scientific significance. We report on the development of BioN∅T, a database of negated sentences that can be used to extract such negated ***: Currently BioN∅T incorporates ≈32 million negated sentences, extracted from over 336 million biomedical sentences from three resources: ≈2 million full-text biomedical articles in Elsevier and the PubMed Central, as well as ≈20 million abstracts in PubMed. We evaluated BioN∅T on three important genetic disorders: autism, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, and found that BioN∅T is able to capture negated events that may be ignored by ***: The BioN∅T database can be a useful resource for biomedical researchers. BioN∅T is freely available at http://***/. In future work, we will develop semantic web related technologies to enrich BioN∅T. © 2011 Agarwal et al;licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

关键词： Database systems

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Optimization of defect hole placement in resonant cavities

Optimization of defect hole placement in resonant cavities

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作者： Kang, Christopher Weiss, Sharon M. Vlasov, Yurii A. Assefa, Solomon Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University 37235 United States IBM T.J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY 10536 United States

We demonstrate the resonance wavelength and quality factor dependence of 50nm defect-hole placement within photonic crystal L3 microcavities. Proper placement of defect-holes leads to a 12% increase in photonic crysta... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557529107

关键词： Photonic crystals

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Erbium Emission from Silicon Based Photonic Bandgap Materials

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MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) 2011年第1期638卷 F17.2.1-F17.2.1页

作者： Herman A. Lopez J. Eduardo Lugo Selena Chan Sharon M. Weiss Christopher C. Striemer Philippe M. Fauchet Materials Science Program Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester NY 14627 U.S.A Centro de Investigacion en Energia UNAM A.P. 34 C.P. 62580 Morelos Mexico Center for Future Health Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester NY 14627 U.S.A Institute of Optics and Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester NY 14627 U.S.A Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester NY 14627 U.S.A

Control over the 1.5 µm emission from erbium is desirable for communication and computational technologies because the erbium emission falls in the window of maximum transmission for silica based fiber optics. Tunable, narrow, directional, and enhanced erbium emission from silicon based 1-D photonic bandgap structures will be demonstrated. The structures are prepared by anodic etching of crystalline silicon and consist of two highly reflecting Bragg reflectors sandwiching an active layer. The cavities are doped by electro-migrating the erbium ions into the porous silicon matrix, followed by high temperature oxidation. By controlling the oxidation temperature, porosity, and thickness of the structure, the position of the erbium emission is tuned to emit in regions where the normal erbium emission is very weak. The erbium emission from the cavity is narrowed to a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 12 nm with a cavity quality factor Q of 130, highly directional with a 20 degree emission cone around the normal axis, and enhanced by more than one order of magnitude when compared to its lateral emission. Erbium photoluminescence (PL) from porous silicon 2-D photonic bandgap structures is also demonstrated.

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SOI TFET $I_{\rm ON}/I_{\rm OFF}$ Enhancement via Back Biasing

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IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 2011年第10期58卷 3283-3285页

作者： Alex Guo Peter Matheu Tsu-Jae King Liu University of California Berkeley CA USA Applied Science & Technology Graduate Program University of California Berkeley CA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley CA USA

The effect of back biasing on the performance of a planar tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) implemented on a silicon-on-insulator substrate is investigated. It is found that reverse back biasing reduces the subthreshold swing SS and increases the range of drain current over which SS is less than ( k B T / q ) ln (10); hence, it is effective for improving the TFET on/off current ratio for low operating voltages (≤ 0.5 V).

关键词： Logic gates Tunneling Doping Transistors Silicon Photonic band gap Junctions

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Characteristics of step-graded InxGa1-xAs and InGaPySb1-y metamorphic buffer layers on GaAs substrates

Characteristics of step-graded InxGa1-xAs and InGaPySb1-y me...

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作者： Kirch, J. Dudley, P. Kim, T. Radavich, K. Ruder, S. Mawst, L.J. Kuech, T.F. Lalumondiere, S.D. Sin, Y. Lotshaw, W.T. Moss, S.C. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin - Madison 1415 Engineering Dr. Madison WI 53706 United States Materials Science Program University of Wisconsin - Madison 1415 Engineering Dr. Madison WI 53706 United States Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Wisconsin - Madison 1415 Engineering Dr. Madison WI 53706 United States Aerospace Corporation Electronics and Photonics Lab El Segundo CA 90245 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781457717536

Step-graded InGaPySb1-y and InxGa 1-xAs metamorphic buffer layer (MBL) structures are grown on GaAs substrates by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). AFM analysis indicates that graded group V InGaPySb1-y MBLs exhibit significantly lower surface roughness (∼4.7nm) compared with more conventional graded group III InxGa1-xAs MBLs, which typically have rms surface roughness in the range of 7- 14nm. To reduce the surface roughness of the InxGa1-xAs MBL, a post growth Chemical-Mechanical Polishing (CMP) procedure is implemented. AFM image analysis indicates the CMP process is effective in reducing the step-graded In xGa1-xAs MBL surface roughness from ∼7.3 nm (as-grown) to 2.3 nm post CMP. Preliminary studies indicate that bulk InGaAs layers regrown on top of the MBL subjected to CMP exhibit improved static and transient PL characteristics compared with those deposited on as-grown MBLs. © VDE VERLAG GMBH.

关键词： III-V semiconductors

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Structure and magnetic properties characterization of electrodeposited Co37Fe63 alloys containing oxygen for magnetic recording applications

Structure and magnetic properties characterization of electr...

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作者： Elhalawaty, S. Carpenter, R.W. George, J. Brankovic, S.R. Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University 85287-6106 United States LeRoy Eyring Center for Solid State Science Arizona State University AZ 85287-9506 United States Center for Nanomagnetic Systems University of Houston TX 77204-4005 United States Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Houston TX 77204-4005 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781118029473

Soft and high magnetic moment Co37Fe63 films were electro-deposited with variable additives on Cu/Ti/Si substrates. The correlation between structure and magnetic properties has been investigated. TEM showed the crystal structure of the films to be BCC with a 〈111〉 texture, and a grain size in the range of 10-20 nm. Oxygen in the deposited films has been identified by EDS and EELS using HAADF STEM. SIMS analysis revealed the presence of hydrogen and oxygen in the deposited CoFe films. Electron microscopy results showed that the oxygen was mainly distributed along the grain boundaries in the CoFe film. In regions where oxygen was present in the films, the Fe content was enhanced relative to Co. The magnetic properties of the deposits have been measured by Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), quantifying the impact of incorporated oxygen in the film on the saturation magnetization and the coercivity.

关键词： Magnetic properties

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Redundant information encoding in primary motor cortex during motor tasks

Redundant information encoding in primary motor cortex durin...

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International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural engineering, CNE

作者： Kelvin So Karunesh Ganguly Michael Gastpar Jose M. Carmena Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley CA USA Neurology and Rehabilitation Services San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center San Francisco CA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences and the Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute University of California Berkeley CA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences the Program in Cognitive Science and the Helen WillsNeuroscience Institute University of California Berkeley CA USA

Information encoded in neuron ensembles has previously been hypothesized to be highly redundant, despite the apparent inefficiency of a redundant encoding system. The recent availability of intracortical, multi-electrode recordings has enabled the possibility of exploring how neuronal ensembles encode information as a whole. Applying concepts from information theory, we examined the redundancy of the target information encoded in both contralateral and ipsilateral hemispheres of the primary motor cortex (M1) in macaque monkeys performing a center-out reaching task. During movement, we reliably found neurons in contralateral M1 to contain higher target information and to be more redundant than ipsilateral M1 neurons, which is consistent with the conventional understanding that motor control is mainly governed by contralateral M1. Secondly, neuron ensembles in both hemispheres showed largely redundant information encoding. These results suggest that redundancy in information encoding is highly prevalent in the motor cortex and may contribute to proficient motor control.

关键词： Neurons Redundancy Encoding Neuroscience Muscles Firing Mutual information

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Combining wireless neural recording and video capture for the analysis of natural gait

Combining wireless neural recording and video capture for th...

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International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural engineering, CNE

作者： Justin D. Foster Oren Freifeld Paul Nuyujukian Stephen I. Ryu Michael J. Black Krishna V. Shenoy Department of Electrical Engineering University of Stanford Stanford CA USA Division of Applied Mathematics Brown University Providence RI USA Bioengineering and Stanford Medical School University of Stanford Stanford CA USA Department of Neurosurgery Palo Alto Medical Foundation Palo Alto CA USA Department of Computer Science Brown University Providence RI USA Max-Planck Institute Tubingen Germany Departments of Electrical Engineering Bioengineering and Neurobiology and the Neurosciences Program University of Stanford Stanford CA USA

Neural control of movement is typically studied in constrained environments where there is a reduced set of possible behaviors. This constraint may unintentionally limit the applicability of findings to the generalized case of unconstrained behavior. We hypothesize that examining the unconstrained state across multiple behavioral contexts will lead to new insights into the neural control of movement and help advance the design of neural prosthetic decode algorithms. However, to pursue electrophysiological studies in such a manner requires a more flexible framework for experimentation. We propose that head-mounted neural recording systems with wireless data transmission, combined with markerless computer-vision based motion tracking, will enable new, less constrained experiments. As a proof-of-concept, we recorded and wirelessly transmitted broadband neural data from 32 electrodes in premotor cortex while acquiring single-camera video of a rhesus macaque walking on a treadmill. We demonstrate the ability to extract behavioral kinematics using an automated computer vision algorithm without use of markers and to predict kinematics from the neural data. Together these advances suggest that a new class of “freely moving monkey” experiments should be possible and should help broaden our understanding of the neural control of movement.

关键词： Animals Kinematics Decoding Neuroscience Synchronization Image segmentation Wireless communication

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Complex-valued functional link network design by orthogonal least squares method for function approximation problems

Complex-valued functional link network design by orthogonal ...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Md. Faijul Amin Ramasamy Savitha Muhammad Ilias Amin Kazuyuki Murase Department of Systems Design Engineering Graduate School of Engineering University of Fukui Fukui Japan School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Computer Science and Engineering United International University Dhaka Bangladesh Research and Education Program for Life Science University of Fukui Fukui Japan

This paper presents a fully complex-valued functional link network (CFLN). The CFLN is a single-layered neural network, which introduces nonlinearity in the input layer using nonlinear functions of the original input variables. In this study, we consider multivariate polynomials as the nonlinear functions. Unlike multilayer neural networks, the CFLN is free from local minima problem, and it offers very fast learning in parameters because of its linear structure. In the complex domain, polynomial based CFLN has an additional advantage of not requiring activation functions, which is a major concern in the complex-valued neural networks. However, it is important to select a smaller subset of polynomial terms (monomials) for faster and better performance, since the number of all possible monomials may be quite large. In this paper, we use the orthogonal least squares method in a constructive fashion (starting from lower degree to higher) for the selection of a parsimonious subset of monomials. Simulation results demonstrate that computing CFLN in purely complex domain is advantageous than in double-dimensional real domain, in terms of number of connection parameters, faster design, and possibly generalization performance. Moreover, our proposed CFLN compares favorably with several other multilayer networks in the complex domain.

关键词： Polynomials Nonhomogeneous media Educational institutions Algorithm design and analysis Function approximation Neural networks Input variables

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