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Balance (bioengineering approaches for lifestyle activity and nutrition continuous engagement): Developing new technology for monitoring energy balance in real time

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Journal of Diabetes science and Technology 2010年第2期4卷 429-434页

作者： Hughes, Deonna C. Andrew, Adrienne Denning, Tamara Hurvitz, Philip Lester, Jonathan Beresford, Shirley Borriello, Gaetano Bruemmer, Barbara Moudon, Anne Vernez Duncan, Glen E. Nutritional Sciences Program Department of Epidemiology University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 Box 353410 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA United States College of Built Environments University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Electrical Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA United States

Methods that measure energy balance accurately in real time represent promising avenues to address the obesity epidemic. We developed an electronic food diary on a mobile phone that includes an energy balance visualization and computes and displays the difference between energy intake from food entries and energy expenditure from a multiple-sensor device that provides objective estimates of energy expenditure in real time. A geographic information system dataset containing locations associated with activity and eating episodes is integrated with an ArcPad mapping application on the phone to provide users with a visual display of food sources and locations associated with physical activity within their proximal environment. This innovative tool captures peoples' movement through space and time under free-living conditions and could potentially have many health-related applications in the future. © Diabetes Technology Society.

关键词： Activity Energy balance Food diary Real-time assessment Self-monitoring

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Cell cycle synchronization of stem cells using inertial microfluidics

Cell cycle synchronization of stem cells using inertial micr...

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14th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences 2010, MicroTAS 2010

作者： Lee, Wong Cheng Bhagat, Ali Asgar S. Huang, Sha Van Vliet, Krystyn J. Han, Jongyoon Lim, Chwee Teck Centre Singapore Singapore NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States Department of Bioengineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Mechanobiology Institute National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781618390622

Cell cycle synchronization is of paramount importance for studying cellular properties and biological processes involved in various stages of the cell cycle. Here, we present a microfluidics based approach to synchronize the cell cycle of a primary - cells, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), using inertial forces in spiral microchan-nels. The device operating principle exploits the relationship between the volume (and thus diameter) of a cell and its phase in the cell cycle, in order to fractionate hMSCs populations into synchronized subpopulations enriched in cell cycle fractions of G0/G1, S and G2/M phases.

关键词： Stem cells

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Automatic detection of dining plates for image-based dietary evaluation

Automatic detection of dining plates for image-based dietary...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Jie Nie Zhiqiang Wei Wenyan Jia Lu Li John D. Fernstrom Robert J. Sclabassi Mingui Sun Departments of Neurosurgery Electrical Engineering Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh USA Department of Computer Science Ocean University of China Qingdao China

An automatic detector that finds circular dining plates in chronically recorded images or videos is reported for the study of food intake and obesity. We first detect edges from input images. After a number of processing steps that convert edges into curves, arc filtering and grouping algorithms are applied. Then, convex hulls are identified and the ones that fit the description of ellipses corresponding to dining plates are determined. Our experiments using real-world images indicate that this detector is highly reliable and robust even when the input images contain complex background scenes and the dining plates are severely occluded.

关键词： Image edge detection Pixel Clutter Filtering Fitting Shape Transforms

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Numerical analysis of gradient index lens-based optical coherence tomography imaging probes

Numerical analysis of gradient index lens-based optical cohe...

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作者： Jung, Woonggyu Benalcazar, Wladimir Ahmad, Adeel Sharma, Utkarsh Tu, Haohua Boppart, Stephen A. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology 405 North Mathews Avenue Urbana IL 61801 United States University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Urbana IL 61801 United States Department of Bioengineering Urbana IL 61801 United States

We report the numerical analysis of gradient index (GRIN) lens-based optical coherence tomography imaging probes to derive optimal design parameters. Long and short working distance probes with a small focal spot are considered. In each model, the working distance and beam waist are characterized and compared for different values of length and refractive index of the probe components. We also explore the influence of the outer tubing and refractive index of the sample media. Numerical results show that the adjustment of the maximum beam diameter and focusing angle at the end of the GRIN lens surface is very important for determining the optical performance parameters of the probe. © 2010 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

关键词： Optical tomography

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Piezoresistive microcantilevers from ultrananocrystalline diamond

Piezoresistive microcantilevers from ultrananocrystalline di...

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2010 Solid-State Sensors, Actuators, and Microsystems Workshop

作者： Privorotskaya, Natalya L. Zeng, Hongjun Carlisle, John A. Bashir, Rashid King, William P. Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Advanced Diamond Technologies RomeovilleIL United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Bioengineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States

ISBN: (纸本)0964002485

This paper reports the temperature-dependant electrical resistivity and piezoresistive characteristics of boron-doped ultrananocyrstalline diamond (UNCD), and the fabrication of piezoresistive microcantilevers using boron-doped and undoped UNCD. The devices consist of 1 μm thick doped UNCD on either 1 or 2 μm thick undoped UNCD. Over the temperature range 25-200 °C, the doped UNCD has a temperature coefficient of electrical resistance of-1.4 × 10-3 °C-1. The doped UNCD exhibits a significant piezoresistive effect with gauge factor of 7.5 and a piezoresistive coefficient of 8.12 × 10-12 Pa-1 at 25 °C. The piezoresistive properties of UNCD are constant over the temperature range 25-200 °C. Microcantilevers of length 300 μm have deflection sensitivity of 0.186 mΩ/Ω per µm of cantilever end deflection. These measurements of electrical and piezoresistive properties of doped UNCD could aid the design of future diamond microsystems. © 2010TRF.

关键词： Diamonds

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YES: A NSF S-STEM scholarship program experience at the University of Central Florida

YES: A NSF S-STEM scholarship program experience at the Univ...

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2010 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Massi, Lisa Georgiopoulos, Michael Young, Cynthia Ducharme, Alfred Ford, Cameron Small, Kim Lancey, Patrice Bhati, Divya College of Engineering and Computer Science University of Central Florida United States School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Central Florida United States Department of Mathematics College of Sciences University of Central Florida United States Management Department UCF College of Business UCF Center for Entrepreneurship and Innovation United States NSF-funded S-STEM Program University of Central Florida United States

According to a study conducted by J. D. Angrist (MIT) and colleagues1 involving 1,600 students at a large Canadian university (the equivalent of an American state university with heavily subsidized tuition), the combination of participation in (a) a scholarship program and (b) academic support services resulted in higher grade achievement and retention for females (but both males and females used support services and peer advising at higher rates), compared to groups of students who participated in either (a) or (b) but not both. A report by the Educational Policy Institute2 lists financial aid as one critical factor that affects the decision to pursue a college degree and success in degree attainment for minorities. This paper reports the progress of a persistence-to-graduation scholarship program funded under the National science Foundation Scholarships (NSF) in science, Technology, engineering, and Mathematics (S-STEM) program. We named our program YES (Young Entrepreneur and Scholar) scholarship program. The goal of YES is to enable academically talented, financially needy students to enter the workforce (Entrepreneurship Path) or to pursue a graduate degree (Research Path) following the completion of a baccalaureate degree in a targeted STEM discipline. This goal is facilitated through scholarships offered by the program to qualified student participants in the last two college years (maturing years - juniors and seniors), a mentorship program (faculty and industry mentors), and enhanced educational opportunities (Distinguished Speaker seminar series, Symposium, learning community). The program continues the efforts of and recruits from another NSF-funded program, science, Technology, engineering, and Mathematics Talent Expansion (STEP) program, which focuses on the first two student college years (early years- freshman and sophomore) and has been successful in retaining STEM students at significantly higher rates than academically similar STEM students at the

关键词： Students

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Modeling backscatter of marine mammal biomimetic sonar signals from bubble clouds

Modeling backscatter of marine mammal biomimetic sonar signa...

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OCEANS'10 IEEE Sydney, OCEANSSYD 2010

作者： Yeo, K.P. Taylor, Elizabeth Ong, S.H. Marine Mammal Research Laboratory Tropical Marine Science Institute National University of Singapore 18 Kent Ridge Road Singapore 119227 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Division of Bioengineering National University of Singapore E4-05-48 4 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore 117576 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781424452217

Bubbles are powerful and complex sound scatterers in water because of the impedance mismatch at each water-air/gas interface. Bubbles are formed by natural processes that include rainfall, gas emission from the sea bed, boat wakes, living or decomposing organisms, and wave breaking- the latter being the dominant cause of bubble entrainment in the surf zone. Despite the complications of sound propagation in bubble-populated water, some species of cetaceans have been observed to hunt efficiently in shallow coastal waters and in biologically active rivers where bubbles persist. In contrast, the performance of man-made sonar systems has always been greatly handicapped by this phenomenon and improvement is necessary. How cetaceans manage to overcome the problem of echolocating through bubbles clouds is still largely unknown. However, if we can gain a more complete understanding of the ways in which bubbles respond to echolocation signals transmitted by cetaceans, this might provide insight into the strategies they use for detecting prey under such conditions, or, indeed, how they manipulate the 'bubble screen' effect to catch fish. New insights could then contribute to the development of improved, bio-mimetic sonar systems for use in difficult environments such as the littoral zone. This paper presents a model describing the backscatter of marine mammal bio-mimetic sonar signals from bubble clouds. Echolocation signals from a dolphin and a porpoise were modeled, and we simulated the backscatter response of single bubbles from a discretized bubble population distribution when driven by each type of echolocation click. Responses from individual bubbles with various radii were then used to find the total bubble cloud backscatter response. This paper explores the backscatter from bubble clouds using two types of bio-mimetic echolocation pulses that have different signal characteristics. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Mammals

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Model-based complex shear modulus reconstruction: A Bayesian approach

Model-based complex shear modulus reconstruction: A Bayesian...

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IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium

作者： Orescanin, Marko Insana, Michael F. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781457703829

A narrow-band ultrasonic shear-wave imaging technique for estimating the complex shear modulus was applied to gelatin phantoms. This Bayesian approach incorporates the spatiotemporal geometry of shear waves radiating from a vibrating needle into a method for estimating modulus parameters. Compared to the phase gradient approach, this Bayesian method provides viscoelastic reconstructions for a single shear wave frequency. Estimates compare closely to results obtained using phase gradient method but with higher spectral resolution. We validated the assumption that the Kelvin-Voigt model, commonly applied in elasticity imaging situations, is representative of gelatin dispersion within the testing bandwidth between 50 and 450 Hz. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Shear waves

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Photoluminescence of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in GaN/quantum dots/GaN wafer bonded system

Photoluminescence of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in GaN/quantum do...

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作者： Li, Y. Giles, A. Stokes, E. Optical Science and Engineering Graduate Program Department of Physics and Optical Science University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Boulevard Charlotte NC 28223 United States Nanoscale Science Graduate Program Department of Chemistry University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Boulevard Charlotte NC 28223 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Boulevard Charlotte NC 28223 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781607681908

Wafer bonding technology is applied to the GaN/quantum dots/GaN system, where CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots serve as both the active layer and the binding layer. Photoluminescence is observed from quantum dots following wafer bonding at various temperatures under ultra high vacuum condition. Temperature dependences of bond strength and photoluminescence properties are characterized. Annealing at elevated temperature to form wafer bonds degrades photoluminescence intensity and slightly blue shifts the wavelength. Transmission Electron Microscopy is applied to study the physical properties of vacuum annealed QDs, in which agglomeration is observed. ©The Electrochemical Society.

关键词： Gallium nitride

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Dilatometric study of ferroelectric Rb2CdI4 monoclinic crystal grown by czochralski method

Dilatometric study of ferroelectric Rb2CdI4 monoclinic cryst...

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12th International Meeting on Ferroelectricity, IMF-12 and the 18th IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics, ISAF-18

作者： Yamaguchi, T. Gotou, S. Miyoshi, T. Kasano, H. Mitsui, T. Kurihama, T. Shimizu, F. Takashige, M. Department of Electrical Engineering School of Science and Engineering Meisei University Hino-shi Tokyo 191-8506 Japan Electrical Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Meisei University Hino-shi Tokyo 191-8506 Japan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi-shi Yamaguchi 753-8512 Japan Laboratory of Developmental Program Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Teikyo University Sagamihara-shi Kanagawa 229-0195 Japan Department of Electronics and Information Engineering College of Engineering Chubu University Kasugai-shi Aichi 487-8501 Japan Department of Electronics and Computer Science College of Science and Engineering Iwaki Meisei University Iwaki-shi Fukushima 970-8551 Japan

Crystal growth of Rb2CdI4 was performed by Czochralski method. Transparent colourless crystals with monoclinic structure were obtained. Temperature dependence of the dielectric constant along the b-axis was measured with variation of frequency. The thermal expansions x i (i = a, b, c and a′;a′ = a + c) along the four independent axes were measured both by clip-type strain-gauge dilatometer and X-ray diffraction methods. These results show distinct anomalies associated with the ferroelectric transition at TC= 210 K. Copyright © 2010 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： X ray diffraction

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