We present a second-derivative scheme of image processing to enhance the detection of regions of higher absorbance in optical mammograms. The second-derivative images facilitate a spectral analysis that estimates the ...
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In this paper we present the recent technological development of optical coherence tomography (OCT). We also discuss the potential clinical applications of OCT for diagnosing pathological changes in different organs a...
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In this paper we present the recent technological development of optical coherence tomography (OCT). We also discuss the potential clinical applications of OCT for diagnosing pathological changes in different organs and systems.
Biomedical image registration often requires local elastic matching after initial global alignment. Due to their universal approximation property, neural networks may be used for landmark-based elastic registration. A...
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Biomedical image registration often requires local elastic matching after initial global alignment. Due to their universal approximation property, neural networks may be used for landmark-based elastic registration. A supervised learning approach using backpropagation, Bayesian regularization, Gauss-sigmoid networks, and radial basis function networks is presented for 2D elastic registration.
This paper presents a novel approach to ultrasound backscatter characterization based on generalized entropy. This approach makes no assumptions about the specific scattering distribution. Low order Renyi and Tsallis ...
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This paper presents a novel approach to ultrasound backscatter characterization based on generalized entropy. This approach makes no assumptions about the specific scattering distribution. Low order Renyi and Tsallis entropies have a higher dynamic range than Shannon entropy over a range of scattering conditions, and are therefore useful in estimating scatterer density and regularity. A neural network estimator is constructed to illustrate the validity of this approach.
The juxtaposition of computation and biology opens up a new world of science and technology. Richard Feynman characterizes the young and fast-developing world of computerscience as follows: "[it] is like enginee...
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The juxtaposition of computation and biology opens up a new world of science and technology. Richard Feynman characterizes the young and fast-developing world of computerscience as follows: "[it] is like engineering-it is all about getting something to do something."1 Viewed from this perspective, the scope of research and development at this intersection is a vast, two-way street that computerscience has to offer to biological science and biotechnology and vice versa. Computational thinking helps characterize, predict, and influence the dynamics of biological processes from molecular to cellular to organ in a way that revolutionizes our understanding of health and drug design. In turn, understanding the architecture and principles of natural biological processes and organization might require new models of computation, which could lead to robustness in the design of large-scale software and hardware systems, a hitherto elusive goal.
Bragg gratings fabricated on top of ion exchanged glass waveguides using PECVD-deposited silicon overlays are reported. The resulting Bragg gratings are characterized and transmission dips at 1536 nm in excess of 18 d...
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The effects of exercise, nutrition, and aging on the development of human skeletal muscles can be observed from the morphological changes of the Z-band under the electron microscope. Quantification of the Z-band damag...
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We present the use of molecular beacons as sensitive indicators in microfluidic bioMEM devices. A method has been developed to study mixing and hybridization of molecular beacons to target nucleic acids in real time i...
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We present the use of molecular beacons as sensitive indicators in microfluidic bioMEM devices. A method has been developed to study mixing and hybridization of molecular beacons to target nucleic acids in real time in a microfluidic channel. This method allows quantification of DNA and RNA molecules in solution, i.e., without the prerequisite of an immobilization step necessary in most other hybridization formats. The detection limit for DNA was determined to be in the order of femtomoles. Our results suggest the feasibility of using molecular beacon hybridization in microfluidic devices for the detection of pathogenic bacteria in environmental and medical fluids.
An algorithm has been developed for detection of epileptiform activity in the EEG. The EEG is divided into overlapping epochs, which undergo two steps. The first is singular value decomposition (SVD) which identifies ...
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An algorithm has been developed for detection of epileptiform activity in the EEG. The EEG is divided into overlapping epochs, which undergo two steps. The first is singular value decomposition (SVD) which identifies the number of uncorrelated active sources in an epoch. In the second step, EEG dipole source analysis, using a single dipole model, is applied to the EEG. This yields dipole parameters and a relative residual energy (RRE). The detection algorithm triggers an EEG epoch when SVD indicates a dominant source and the RRE is low. The algorithm is applied to simulated EEG generated by two sources which are synchronously and asynchronously active. For the synchronous case the critical measure is the RRE whereas for the asynchronous case both the SVD and RRE are critical. The algorithm has also been applied to real EEG containing two spikes and an eye-blink artifact. The SVD indicated a dominant active source and the RRE was low for all three events. These preliminary results demonstrate the potential of the method for detection of spikes and seizures with a focal origin.
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