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Introduction to the issue on biophotonics

IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 2014年第2期20卷 4-7页

作者： Ilev, Ilko K. Boppart, Stephen A. Andersson-Engels, Stefan Kim, Beop-Min Perelman, Lev Tuchin, Valery Center for Devices and Radiological Health U.S. Food and Drug Administration Silver Spring MD 20993 United States Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology Departments of Bioengineering Electrical and Computer Engineering and Medicine University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 United States Division of Atomic Physics Lund University Lund SE-22100 Sweden Department of Biomedical Engineering Korea University Seoul 136-703 Korea Republic of Center for Advanced Biomedical Imaging and Photonics Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard University Boston MA 02215 United States Division of Optics and Biophotonics Saratov State University Saratov 410012 Russia Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control Russian Academy of Sciences Saratov 410028 Russia Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Laboratory University of Oulu Oulu FI-90014 Finland

The objective of this JSTQE Issue on Biophotonics is to highlight recent progress and trends in innovative biophotonics technology development. The papers published in this issue cover a broad range of advanced biophotonics areas summarized in the following sections: 1) bioimaging: optical coherence tomography and microscopy, nonlinear optical imaging, and novel multimodality imaging approaches; 2) biosensing: multifunctional biosensing, and novel biosensing approaches; 3) biophotonic science: mechanisms of light-cell and lighttissue interactions, advanced modeling methods in biophotonics, and light induced biophotonics effects; 4) biophotonic technology: advanced technologies in biophotonic diagnostics and therapeutics, infrared technology in biophotonics, and novel laser, biomedical and fiber optics tools and devices in biophotonics. These key research topics are highlighted as comprehensive overviews of the current status and future trends, as well as original results and recent developments in the field of biophotonics. This issue contains 33 papers, including 18 invited and 15 contributed papers authored by well-established research groups and promising scientists from all over the world. The invited papers include extended reviews on recent biophotonic developments and clinical applications in the areas of highresolution multispectral bioimaging, combined multifunctional microscopy, nonlinear deep tissue imaging, single molecule imaging, optical coherence elastography, cellular and molecular mechanisms of photobiomodulation, tissue optical clearing, clinical ultrafast laser surgery, infrared laser nerve stimulation, and novel tapered diode lasers for biophotonics. The contributed papers cover a broad variety of key biophotonic research areas including recently obtained original results on multimodal bioimaging and sensing, high resolution phase-sensitive magnetomotive optical coherence microscopy and elastography, and laser-assisted typing of polymorphic human

关键词： Special issues and sections Biophotonics

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Effects of Mechanical Properties on Tumor Invasion: Insights from a Cellular Model

Effects of Mechanical Properties on Tumor Invasion: Insights...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Yingzi Li Hammad Naveed Jie Liang Lisa X. Xu School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago IL USA Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine Shanghai Jiao Tong Univerisity Shanghai China

Understanding the regulating mechanism of tumor invasion is of crucial importance for both fundamental cancer research and clinical applications. Previous in vivo experiments have shown that invasive cancer cells dissociate from the primary tumor and invade into the stroma, forming an irregular invasive morphology. Although cell movements involved in tumor invasion are ultimately driven by mechanical forces of cell-cell interactions and tumor-host interactions, how these mechanical properties affect tumor invasion is still poorly understood. In this study, we use a recently developed two-dimensional cellular model to study the effects of mechanical properties on tumor invasion. We study the effects of cell-cell adhesions as well as the degree of degradation and stiffness of extracellular matrix (ECM). Our simulation results show that cell-cell adhesion relationship must be satisfied for tumor invasion. Increased adhesion to ECM and decreased adhesion among tumor cells result in invasive tumor behaviors. When this invasive behavior occurs, ECM plays an important role for both tumor morphology and the shape of invasive cancer cells. Increased stiffness and stronger degree of degradation of ECM promote tumor invasion, generating more aggressive tumor invasive morphologies. It can also generate irregular shape of invasive cancer cells, protruding towards ECM. The capability of our model suggests it a useful tool to study tumor invasion and might be used to propose optimal treatment in clinical applications.

关键词： Tumors Electronic countermeasures Cancer Adhesives Indexes Shape Morphology

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Two-dimensional skyrmions and other solitonic structures in confinement-frustrated chiral nematics

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Physical Review E 2014年第1期90卷 012505-012505页

作者： Paul J. Ackerman Rahul P. Trivedi Bohdan Senyuk Jao van de Lagemaat Ivan I. Smalyukh Department of Physics University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden Colorado 80401 USA Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

We explore spatially localized solitonic configurations of a director field, generated using optical realignment and laser-induced heating, in frustrated chiral nematic liquid crystals confined between substrates with perpendicular surface anchoring. We demonstrate that, in addition to recently studied torons and Hopf-fibration solitonic structures (hopfions), one can generate a host of other axially symmetric stable and metastable director field configurations where local twist is matched to the surface boundary conditions through introduction of point defects and loops of singular and nonsingular disclinations. The experimentally demonstrated structures include the so-called “baby-skyrmions” in the form of double twist cylinders oriented perpendicular to the confining substrates where their double twist field configuration is matched to the perpendicular boundary conditions by loops of twist disclinations. We also generate complex textures with arbitrarily large skyrmion numbers. A simple back-of-the-envelope theoretical analysis based on free energy considerations and the nonpolar nature of chiral nematics provides insights into the long-term stability and diversity of these inter-related solitonic field configurations, including different types of torons, cholestric-finger loops, two-dimensional skyrmions, and more complex structures comprised of torons, hopfions, and various disclination loops that are experimentally observed in a confinement-frustrated chiral nematic system.

关键词： Point defects

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A heuristic fuzzy algorithm bio-inspired by Evolution Strategies for energy forecasting problems

A heuristic fuzzy algorithm bio-inspired by Evolution Strate...

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IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)

作者： Vitor N. Coelho Frederico G. Guimarães Agnaldo J. R. Reis Igor M. Coelho Bruno N. Coelho Marcone J. F. Souza Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte MG Brazil Departament of Electrical Engineering Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte MG Brazil Department of Control Engineering and Automation Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto Ouro Preto MG Brazil Institute of Computing Universidade Federal Fluminense Niteri RJ Brazil Department of Computer Science Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto Ouro Preto MG Brazil

Improving the use of energy resources has been a great challenge in the last years. A new complex scenario involving a decentralized bidirectional communication between energy suppliers, distribution system and consumption is nowadays becoming reality. Sometimes cited as the largest and most complex machine ever built, Electric Grids (EG) are been transformed into Smart Grids (SG). Hence, the load forecasting problem has become more difficulty and more autonomous load predictors are needed in this new conjecture. In this paper a novel method, so-called MSES, bio-inspired by Evolution Strategies (ES) combined with Multi-Start (MS) procedure is described. This procedure is mainly based on a self-adaptive algorithm to calibrate the parameters of the fuzzy rules. MSES was implemented in C++ via OptFrame framework. Our main goal is to evaluate the performance of this algorithm in a grid environment. Real data from an electric utility have been used in order to test the proposed methodology. The obtained results are fully described and analyzed.

关键词： Forecasting Vectors Prediction algorithms Predictive models Training Standards Adaptation models

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Biomimetics: Biomimetic Microfingerprints for Anti‐Counterfeiting Strategies (Adv. Mater. 12/2015)

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Advanced Materials 2015年第12期27卷

作者： Hyung Jong Bae Sangwook Bae Cheolheon Park Sangkwon Han Junhoi Kim Lily Nari Kim Kibeom Kim Suk‐Heung Song Wook Park Sunghoon Kwon Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Gwanak‐ro Gwanak‐gu Seoul 151‐744 South Korea Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul National University Gwanak‐ro Gwanak‐gu Seoul 151‐744 South Korea Institute of Entrepreneurial Bio Convergence Seoul National University Gwanak‐ro Gwanak‐gu Seoul 151‐744 South Korea Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering Seoul National University Gwanak‐ro Gwanak‐gu Seoul 151‐744 South Korea Department of Electronics and Radio Engineering Institute for Laser Engineering Kyung Hee University Deongyeong‐daero Giheung‐gu Yongin‐si Gyeonggi‐do 446‐701 South Korea

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Carbon Nanospheres: Tunable Luminescent Carbon Nanospheres with Well-Defined Nanoscale Chemistry for Synchronized Imaging and Therapy (Small 36/2015)

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Small 2015年第36期11卷

作者： Prabuddha Mukherjee Santosh K. Misra Mark C. Gryka Huei-Huei Chang Saumya Tiwari William L. Wilson John W. Scott Rohit Bhargava Dipanjan Pan Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1304 W. Springfield Ave. Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 S. Mathews Ave. Urbana IL 61801 USA Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA Illinois Sustainability Technology Center University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Chemistry and Mechanical Science and Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1304 W. Springfield Ave. Urbana IL 61801 USA Carle Foundation Hospital 502 N. Busey St. Urbana IL 61801 USA Departments of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering 502 N. Busey St. Urbana IL 61801 USA Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA

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Relay selection for AF wireless relay networks in adverse communication environments

Relay selection for AF wireless relay networks in adverse co...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & computers

作者： Kanghee Lee Visvakumar Aravinthan Sunghoon Moon Jongbum Ryou Changki Moon Inha Hyun Sun Jo Information & Communications Office Air Force Headquarters Gyeryong Korea Wichita State University Wichita KS US Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Wichita State University Wichita Kansas 3C4ISR Division Defense Acquisition Program Administration of ROK Seoul Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781479982981

This paper addresses wireless relay networks consisting of a one-source-one-destination pair and N noncooperative relays. An objective of this paper is to analytically derive a closed form of an optimal relay amplifying vector (or matrix) for an amplify-and-forward (AF) wireless relay network under channel uncertainty (CU), jamming, and transmission power constraints at the relays, using the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion. In addition, this paper presents an efficient relay-selection strategy using the maximum SNR and minimum MMSE cost function criterions under an adverse wireless communication environment with transmission power constraint at the relays.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio Wireless communication Cost function Relay networks (telecommunications) Bit error rate Wireless sensor networks

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Cerulean: A hybrid assembly using high throughput short and long reads

Cerulean: A hybrid assembly using high throughput short and ...

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13th Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics, WABI 2013

作者： Deshpande, Viraj Fung, Eric D. K. Pham, Son Bafna, Vineet Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California San Diego CA United States Bioinformatics Undergraduate Program Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego CA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783642404528

Genome assembly using high throughput data with short reads, arguably, remains an unresolvable task in repetitive genomes, since when the length of a repeat exceeds the read length, it becomes difficult to unambiguously connect the flanking regions. The emergence of third generation sequencing (Pacific Biosciences) with long reads enables the opportunity to resolve complicated repeats that could not be resolved by the short read data. However, these long reads have high error rate and it is an uphill task to assemble the genome without using additional high quality short reads. Recently, Koren et al. 2012 [1] proposed an approach to use high quality short reads data to correct these long reads and, thus, make the assembly from long reads possible. However, due to the large size of both dataset (short and long reads), error-correction of these long reads requires excessively high computational resources, even on small bacterial genomes. In this work, instead of error correction of long reads, we first assemble the short reads and later map these long reads on the assembly graph to resolve repeats. Contribution: We present a hybrid assembly approach that is both computationally effective and produces high quality assemblies. Our algorithm first operates with a simplified version of the assembly graph consisting only of long contigs and gradually improves the assembly by adding smaller contigs in each iteration. In contrast to the state-of-the-art long reads error correction technique, which requires high computational resources and long running time on a supercomputer even for bacterial genome datasets, our software can produce comparable assembly using only a standard desktop in a short running time. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Error correction

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Preliminary study of digital image correlation based optical coherence elastography

Preliminary study of digital image correlation based optical...

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European Conference on Biomedical Optics, ECBO 2013

作者： Sun, Cuiru Vuong, Barry Wen, Xiao-Yan Yang, Victor Biophotonics and Bioengineering Laboratory Ryerson University Toronto ON Canada Department Electrical and Computer Engineering Ryerson University Toronto ON Canada Department Medicine University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Department Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Division of Neurosurgery Sunnybrook Health Science Center Toronto ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780819496461

Optical coherence elastography (OCE) provides deformation or material properties mapping of soft tissue, which is important for morphological and pathological studies of the tissue. An OCE technique is developed based on digital image correlation. System calibration and measurement error evaluation are performed. The displacement measurement of 0.6 μm to over 100 μm was obtained through a phantom experiment. The capability of this OCE technique for differentiation of stiffness was evaluated by imaging a two-components phantom. OCE imaging of an aneurysm sample shows promising results for characterization of composites of aneurismal wall in the future. © OSA-2013 SPIE.

关键词： Optical tomography

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Self-assembly of skyrmion-dressed chiral nematic colloids with tangential anchoring

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Physical Review E 2014年第6期89卷 060502(R)-060502(R)页

作者： M. B. Pandey T. Porenta J. Brewer A. Burkart S. Čopar S. Žumer Ivan I. Smalyukh Department of Physics and Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Department of Physics VSSD College Kanpur 208 002 India Faculty of Mathematics and Physics University of Ljubljana Jadranska 19 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia Jozef Stefan Institute Jamova 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

We describe dipolar nematic colloids comprising mutually bound solid microspheres, three-dimensional skyrmions, and point defects in a molecular alignment field of chiral nematic liquid crystals. Nonlinear optical imaging and numerical modeling based on minimization of Landau–de Gennes free energy reveal that the particle-induced skyrmions resemble torons and hopfions, while matching surface boundary conditions at the interfaces of liquid crystal and colloidal spheres. Laser tweezers and videomicroscopy reveal that the skyrmion-colloidal hybrids exhibit purely repulsive elastic pair interactions in the case of parallel dipoles and an unexpected reversal of interaction forces from repulsive to attractive as the center-to-center distance decreases for antiparallel dipoles. The ensuing elastic self-assembly gives rise to colloidal chains of antiparallel dipoles with particles entangled by skyrmions.

关键词： Self assembly

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