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IEEE International Symposium on Virtual Environments, Human-computer Interfaces and Measurement Systems (VECIMS)

作者： Wenya Nan Lanshin Chang Joao Pedro Rodrigues Feng Wan Peng Un Mak Pui-In Mak Mang I Vai Agostinho Rosa Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macau Macao China Department of Psychology Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities University of Macau Macao China LaSEEB-System and Robotics Institute Department of Bioengineering Instituto Superior Tecnico Technical University of Lisbon Portugal

The paper presents a case report of the therapy by neurofeedback training of a chronic female schizophrenia outpatient. The purpose of the neurofeedback training was to enhance cognition, memory and behavioral performance. We used an intensive approach. All the training sessions were performed during 4 consecutive days. The results showed that the patient learnt to increase individual alpha amplitude and simultaneously decrease beta2 (20-30 Hz) amplitude at P4 site during active state over sessions. The individual alpha increased 74.73% and beta2 decreased 13.73%. The short term memory was enhanced after training. Her mood had positive change and her speech was much clearer than before. She started to associate the meaning of her life and illness. These results support that neurofeedback is not only a feasible therapy for schizophrenia but also positive results could be obtained using a much more intensive training sessions than the one reported in the literature.

关键词： Training Neurofeedback Electroencephalography Mood Biological control systems Cognition

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Cortex Inspired Model for Inverse Kinematics Computation for a Humanoid Robotic Finger

Cortex Inspired Model for Inverse Kinematics Computation for...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Rodolphe J. Gentili Hyuk Oh Javier Molina James A. Reggia José L. Contreras- Vidal Department of Kinesiology School of Public Health Maryland Robotics Center Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA Department of Systems Engineering and Automation Technical University of Cartagena 30202 Cartagena Spain Department of Computer Science University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77004 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441198

In order to approach human hand performance levels, artificial anthropomorphic hands/fingers have increasingly incorporated human biomechanical features. However, the performance of finger reaching movements to visual targets involving the complex kinematics of multijointed, anthropomorphic actuators is a difficult problem. This is because the relationship between sensory and motor coordinates is highly nonlinear, and also often includes mechanical coupling of the two last joints. Recently, we developed a cortical model that learns the inverse kinematics of a simulated anthropomorphic finger. Here, we expand this previous work by assessing if this cortical model is able to learn the inverse kinematics for an actual anthropomorphic humanoid finger having its two last joints coupled and controlled by pneumatic muscles. The findings revealed that single 3D reaching movements, as well as more complex patterns of motion of the humanoid finger, were accurately and robustly performed by this cortical model while producing kinematics comparable to those of humans. This work contributes to the development of a bioinspired controller providing adaptive, robust and flexible control of dexterous robotic and prosthetic hands.

关键词： reaching prosthetic providing

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Selective gas sensing with a single graphene-on-silicon transistor

Selective gas sensing with a single graphene-on-silicon tran...

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IEEE Silicon Nanoelectronics Workshop (SNW)

作者： A.A. Balandin S. Rumyantsev G. Liu M.S. Shur R.A. Potyrailo Nano-Device Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program Bourns College of Engineering University of California Riverside Riverside CA USA Center for Integrated Electronics and Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute Russian Academy of Science Saint Petersburg Russia Chemistry and Chemical Engineering GE Global Research Center Niskayuna NY USA

The low-frequency 1/f noise in graphene transistors has been studied extensively owing to the proposed graphene applications in analog devices and communication systems [1-5]. The studies were motivated by the fact that the low-frequency noise can be up-converted by device nonlinearity and contribute to the phase noise of the system. Similarly, the sensor sensitivity is often limited by the electronic low-frequency noise. Therefore, noise is usually considered as one of the main limiting factors for the device or overall system operation. However, the electronic noise spectrum itself can be used as a sensing parameter increasing the sensor sensitivity and selectivity. Here, we show that vapors of different chemicals produce distinguishably different effects on the low-frequency noise spectra of the graphene-on-Si transistor. Our study showed that some gases change the electrical resistance of pristine graphene devices without changing their low-frequency noise spectra while other gases modify the noise spectra by inducing Lorentzian components with distinctive features. The characteristic corner frequency f C of the Lorentzian noise bulges in graphene devices is different for different chemicals and varies from f C =10 - 20 Hz for tetrahydrofuran to f C =1300 - 1600 Hz for chloroform. We tested the selected set of chemicals vapors on different graphene device samples and alternated different vapors for the same samples. The obtained results indicate that 1/f noise in combination with other sensing parameters can allow one to achieve the selective gas sensing with a single pristine graphene transistor. Our method of gas sensing with graphene does not require graphene surface functionalization or fabrication of an array of the devices with each tuned to a certain chemical. The observation of the Lorentzian components in the vapor-exposed graphene can also help in developing an accurate theoretical description of the noise mechanism in graphene.

关键词： Transistors Sensors Low-frequency noise Chemicals Gases Physics

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Magnetomotive contrast in optical coherence tomography for detecting early-stage atherosclerosis using targeted microspheres

Magnetomotive contrast in optical coherence tomography for d...

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Biomedical Optics, BIOMED 2012

作者： Ahmad, Adeel Kim, Jong S. Li, Joanne Rasio, Jonathan Hubler, Zita Chaney, Eric J. Marjanovic, Marina Suslick, Kenneth S. Boppart, Stephen A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois 405 North Mathews Avenue Urbana IL United States Department of Nuclear Plasma and Radiological Engineering University of Illinois 405 North Mathews Avenue Urbana IL United States Department of Chemistry University of Illinois 405 North Mathews Avenue Urbana IL United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois 405 North Mathews Avenue Urbana IL United States Beckman Institute for Advance Science and Technology University of Illinois 405 North Mathews Avenue Urbana IL United States College of Medicine University of Illinois 405 North Mathews Avenue Urbana IL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781557529428

In this work, we show that molecularly-sensitive contrast can be generated in OCT using targeted multifunctional magnetic microspheres. These microspheres were engineered to target the ΑvΒ3 integrin for the localization of atherosclerotic lesions in excised aortas from a rabbit animal model. The aortas were extracted and placed in a flow chamber, which mimicked the physiological blood flow conditions in the living rabbit. Magnetic microspheres were perfused through the aorta inside the flow chamber and catheter-based OCT imaging, magnetomotive optical coherence tomography (MM-OCT), fluorescence confocal, and bright field microscopy was performed on the ex vivo aorta specimens for localizing the microspheres. Results showed successful targeting of the functionalized microspheres to early atherosclerotic lesions, and good co-registration of MM-OCT signal with confocal microscopy. © OSA 2012.

关键词： Microspheres

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Plasmonic Complex Fluids of Nematiclike and Helicoidal Self-Assemblies of Gold Nanorods with a Negative Order Parameter

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Physical Review Letters 2012年第8期109卷 088301-088301页

作者： Qingkun Liu Bohdan Senyuk Jianwei Tang Taewoo Lee Jun Qian Sailing He Ivan I. Smalyukh Department of Physics Material Science and Engineering Program Department of Electrical Computer & Energy Engineering and Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 People’s Republic of China Department of Electromagnetic Engineering Royal Institute of Technology S-100 44 Stockholm Sweden Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

We describe a soft matter system of self-organized oblate micelles and plasmonic gold nanorods that exhibit a negative orientational order parameter. Because of anisotropic surface anchoring interactions, colloidal gold nanorods tend to align perpendicular to the director describing the average orientation of normals to the discoidal micelles. Helicoidal structures of highly concentrated nanorods with a negative order parameter are realized by adding a chiral additive and are further controlled by means of confinement and mechanical stress. Polarization-sensitive absorption, scattering, and two-photon luminescence are used to characterize orientations and spatial distributions of nanorods. Self-alignment and effective-medium optical properties of these hybrid inorganic-organic complex fluids match predictions of a simple model based on anisotropic surface anchoring interactions of nanorods with the structured host medium.

关键词： PLASMONS (Physics) COMPLEX fluids MOLECULAR self-assembly GOLD nanoparticles PARAMETER estimation SOFT condensed matter

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Dispersion-Relation Fluorescence Spectroscopy

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Physical Review Letters 2012年第18期109卷 188104-188104页

作者： Ru Wang Lei Lei Yingxiao Wang Alex J. Levine Gabriel Popescu Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 USA Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA

Because of its ability to study specifically labeled structures, fluorescence microscopy is the most widely used technique for investigating live cell dynamics and function. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy is an established method for studying molecular transport and diffusion coefficients at a fixed spatial scale. We propose a new approach, dispersion-relation fluorescence spectroscopy (DFS), to study the transport dynamics over a broad range of spatial and temporal scales. The molecules of interest are labeled with a fluorophore whose motion gives rise to spontaneous fluorescence intensity fluctuations that are analyzed to quantify the governing mass transport dynamics. These data are characterized by the effective dispersion relation. We report on experiments demonstrating that DFS can distinguish diffusive from advection motion in a model system, where we obtain quantitatively accurate values of both diffusivities and advection velocities. Because of its spatially resolved information, DFS can distinguish between directed and diffusive transport in living cells. Our data indicate that the fluorescently labeled actin cytoskeleton exhibits active transport motion along a direction parallel to the fibers and diffusive in the perpendicular direction.

关键词： DISPERSION FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy MOLECULAR structure CYTOSKELETON ACTIN MATHEMATICAL models FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)

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GaAs nanowhiskers for femtosecond photodetectors and THz emitters

GaAs nanowhiskers for femtosecond photodetectors and THz emi...

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International Conference on Advanced Semiconductor Devices and Microsystems (ASDAM)

作者： M. Mikulics J. Zhang R. Sobolewski R. Adam L. Juul M. Marso A. Winden H. Hardtdegen D. Grützmacher P. Kordoš Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI) Forschungszentrum Jülich (KFA) Julich Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester Rochester NY USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Laboratory for Laser Energetics Department of Physics and Astronomy and Materials Science Program University of Rochester Rochester NY USA Faculté des Sciences de la Technologie et de la Communication Université du Luxembourg Luxembourg Institute of Electrical Engineering Institute of Electronics and Photonics Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava Slovakia

We have developed and characterized ultrafast and highly sensitive photodetectors based on GaAs nanowhiskers fabricated with an improved top-down etching method. We evaluated the material properties of the etched nanowhiskers by micro photoluminescence measurements and studied the effect of post annealing on nanowhiskers' luminescence. The nanowhiskers were integrated into the coplanar striplines for device testing using DC and time-resolved electro-optic characterization techniques. Our photodetectors exhibit a very low dark current below 500 pA at 10 V bias as well as a high responsivity of 0.19 A/W at 30 V, and a cut-off frequency of 1.3 THz. These characteristics make the GaAs nanowhisker photodetectors very promising candidates for high-speed optoelectronics and efficient THz emitters.

关键词： Gallium arsenide Photodetectors Annealing Etching Semiconductor device measurement Fabrication Nanoscale devices

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The use of a novel carbon nanotube coated microelectrode array for chronic intracortical recording and microstimulation

The use of a novel carbon nanotube coated microelectrode arr...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Rebecca A. Parker Sandeep Negi Tyler Davis Edward W Keefer Harvey Wiggins Paul A House Bradley Greger Interdepartmental Program in Neuroscience University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 Bioengineering Department University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 Plexon Inc. Dallas TX 75206 Department of Neurosurgery University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84132

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441198

Micro-electrode arrays (MEAs) have been used in a variety of intracortical neural prostheses. While intracortical MEAs have demonstrated their utility in neural prostheses, in many cases MEA performance declines after several months to years of in vivo implantation. The application of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) may increase the functional longevity of intracortical MEAs through enhanced biocompatibility and charge injection properties. An MEA metalized with platinum (Pt) on all electrodes had a CNT coating applied to the electrodes on half of the array. This Pt/Pt-CNT MEA was implanted into feline motor cortex for >1 year. Recordings of action potentials and 1 kHz impedance measurements were made on all electrodes to evaluate device functionality. Additionally, electromyogram (EMG) responses were evoked using micro-stimulation via the MEA to measure device performance. These metrics were compared between Pt and Pt- CNT electrodes. There was no significant difference in the data acquisition or micro-stimulation performance of Pt and the Pt- CNT electrodes. However, impedances were lower on the Pt- CNT electrodes. These results demonstrate the functionality of CNT coatings during chronic in vivo implantation. The lower impedances suggest that for microstimulation applications CNT coatings may impart enhanced interface properties.

关键词： action functionality CNT

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Building better interdisciplinary scientists: creating graduate level courses to address the communication gap in interdisciplinary research

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BMC Bioinformatics 2012年第12期13卷 1-2页

作者： Denise R Koessler Elizabeth G Johnson Jordan M Utley Harry A Richards Cynthia B Peterson Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA Department of Microbiology The University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA UT/ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology The University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA SCALE-IT Program Administrator The University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology The University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA

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Differential evolution-binary particle swarm optimization algorithm for the analysis of aryl β-diketo acids for HIV-1 integrase inhibition

Differential evolution-binary particle swarm optimization al...

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Gene M. Ko A. Srinivas Reddy Sunil Kumar Rajni Garg Barbara A. Bailey Ahmad R. Hadaegh Computational Science Research Center San Diego State University San Diego CA USA La Jolla Bioengineering Institute San Diego CA USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering San Diego State University San Diego CA USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics San Diego State University San Diego CA USA Department of Computer Science and Information Systems California State University San Marcos San Marcos CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467315104

A hybrid differential evolution-binary particle swarm optimization (DE-BPSO) algorithm is proposed as a feature selection algorithm in the development of quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models. DE is used to evolve the velocities of the particle swarm from which a series of rules are used to determine the discrete values of the position vectors which form chemical descriptor subsets. These descriptor subsets are then used to develop models for QSAR analysis. DE-BPSO was found to outperform the standalone BPSO algorithm. The DE-BPSO algorithm was then used to develop multiple linear regression models for the analysis of aryl β-diketo acid compounds for the inhibition of HIV-1 integrase. This model highlights the significance of hydrophobicity and partial positive charges of the hydrogen atoms on the molecular surface in influencing the biological activities of these compounds for the inhibition of HIV-1 integrase.

关键词： Biological system modeling Computational modeling Analytical models Vectors Compounds Chemicals Optimization

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