Recent work in blind source separation applied to anechoic mixtures of speech allows for improved reconstruction of sources that rarely overlap in a time-frequency representation. While the assumption that speech mixt...
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The accumulation of genomic and proteomic data of many organisms presents an opportunity to analyze entire phylogenetic trees in a systematic, quantified manner. The universal tree of life, constructed by genomic data...
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There is a clinical need for HIV protease inhibitors that can evade resistance mutations. One possible approach to designing such inhibitors relies upon the crystallographic observation that the substrates of HIV prot...
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There is a clinical need for HIV protease inhibitors that can evade resistance mutations. One possible approach to designing such inhibitors relies upon the crystallographic observation that the substrates of HIV protease occupy a rather constant region within the binding site. In particular, it has been hypothesized that inhibitors which lie within this region will tend to resist clinically relevant mutations. The present study offers the first prospective evaluation of this hypothesis, via computational design of inhibitors predicted to conform to the substrate envelope, followed by synthesis and evaluation against wild-type and mutant proteases, as well as structural studies of complexes of the designed inhibitors with HIV protease. The results support the utility of the substrate envelope hypothesis as a guide to the design of robust protease inhibitors.
A fast, robust technique is needed to facilitate studies of vocalisations by dolphins and other marine mammals such as whales in which large quantities of acoustic data are commonly generated. It is sometimes necessar...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424406340
A fast, robust technique is needed to facilitate studies of vocalisations by dolphins and other marine mammals such as whales in which large quantities of acoustic data are commonly generated. It is sometimes necessary to be able to describe whistle contours quantitatively, rather than simply looking at descriptors such as start frequency, maximum frequency, number of inflection points, etc. This is important when whistles are to be compared using an automated classification system, and is an essential component of a real-time, automated classification system for use with a raw data stream. In this paper we describe a rapid and robust high order polynomial curve fitting technique which extracts features in preparation for automated classification. We applied this method to classify natural vocalizations of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis). We believe the method will be widely applicable to bioacoustic studies involving FM acoustic signals in both underwater and in-air environments.
In vivo neuroimaging methods permit longitudinal quantitative examination of the dynamic course of neurodegenerative conditions in humans and animal models and enable assessment of therapeutic efforts in mitigating di...
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With myriad information being generated from high-throughput experiments such as microarrays and sequencing technologies, an ever-increasing amount of data is being recorded and analyzed with the help of hierarchical ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780615153148
With myriad information being generated from high-throughput experiments such as microarrays and sequencing technologies, an ever-increasing amount of data is being recorded and analyzed with the help of hierarchical ontologies, such as the Gene Ontology (GO). We have developed a novel framework-based on the well established foundations of information theory - that allows for the evaluation of new types of hypotheses. The framework, encapsulated in Open Biomedical Ontology-Based Exploration and Search (OBOES), has already been applied in the investigation of different kinds of questions. The resulting framework enables the new field of information theoretic ontology-based analysis. We have applied this framework to create methods to re-engineer ontologies, explore fundamental questions on the evolution of biological complexity, determine optimal ontology terms for bioinformatics analysis, and quantify the usefulness of biofluids as proxies for tissues/diseases. In each case, we found that our methods provide novel, significant findings. An open source Java implementation of OBOES is available at: http://***. net.
There have been many attempts to represent music using a wide variety of different music visualisation schemes. In this paper, we propose a novel system architecture which combines Max/MSPtrade with Flashtrade that ca...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424409822
There have been many attempts to represent music using a wide variety of different music visualisation schemes. In this paper, we propose a novel system architecture which combines Max/MSPtrade with Flashtrade that can be used to build real-time music visualisations rapidly. In addition, we have used this proposed architecture to develop a music visualisation scheme that uses individual notes from a MIDI keyboard or from a standard MIDI file and creates novel displays that reflect pitch, note duration, characteristics such as how hard a key is struck, and which instruments are playing at any one time. The proposed music visualization scheme is a first step towards developing a music visualization that alone can provide a sense of musical experience to the user.
Refractive index measurements offer high contrast between normal fatty tissue and diagnostically significant structures. We have developed a needle-based device capable of measuring internal tissue properties. We pres...
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With the human genome sequenced, attention has been shifting to proteins and their function. Several technologies including mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis have traditionally been used to study proteins. The...
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The propagation of heat pulses in zigzag and armchair double wall nanotubes (DWNTs) has been investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that the leading heat wave packets in zigzag (9,0)∕(18,0) an...
The propagation of heat pulses in zigzag and armchair double wall nanotubes (DWNTs) has been investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that the leading heat wave packets in zigzag (9,0)∕(18,0) and armchair (5,5)∕(10,10) DWNTs move with the speed of longitudinal acoustic (LA) phonon modes. The intensities of the leading heat wave packets in outer and inner shells in DWNTs were found to be five to seven times larger than that of the corresponding single wall nanotubes (SWNTs). The heat energy carried by the leading heat wave packets in zigzag DWNT was about four and five times more than those in armchair DWNT shells. Within the leading LA wave packet, the strain in the inner shell of the DWNTs is stronger than the strain in the outer shell and considerably larger than strain in the corresponding SWNTs. The regions with the largest strain coincide with the regions of high kinetic temperatures within the LA mode wave packets. The higher energy of the LA mode waves in DWNT shells compared to SWNT is attributed to the presence of higher strain fields in DWNTs compared to individual SWNTs. The higher strain in the inner shell of DWNT compared to the outer shell accounts for the three to five times higher kinetic energy of leading wave packets in inner shells compared to those in outer shells. The induced strain fields in zigzag DWNT are distributed over a wider region compared to armchair DWNT, and the strains in inner and outer shells of zigzag DWNT are out phase by 180°.
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