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Cover Picture: Cyclotetrabenzil Derivatives for Electrochemical Lithium-Ion Storage (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 29/2023)

Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2023年第29期62卷

作者： Jianing Meng Dr. Alexandra Robles Dr. Said Jalife Wen Ren Ye Zhang Dr. Lihong Zhao Dr. Yanliang Liang Prof. Dr. Judy I. Wu Prof. Dr. Ognjen Š. Miljanić Prof. Dr. Yan Yao Department of Chemistry University of Houston 3585 Cullen Blvd. Houston TX-77204-5003 USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX-77204-4004 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston Houston TX-77204 USA Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston University of Houston Houston TX-77204 USA

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Titelbild: Cyclotetrabenzil Derivatives for Electrochemical Lithium-Ion Storage (Angew. Chem. 29/2023)

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第29期135卷

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Localization transition in three-dimensional stealthy hyperuniform disordered systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Sgrignuoli, F. Torquato, S. Dal Negro, L. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Photonics Center Boston University 8 Saint Mary’s Street BostonMA02215 United States Department of Chemistry Department of Physics Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08540 United States Division of Material Science and Engineering Boston University 15 Saint Mary’s Street BrooklineMA02446 United States Department of Physics Boston University 590 Commonwealth Avenue BostonMA02215 United States

The purpose of this work is to understand the fundamental connection between structural correlations and light localization in three-dimensional (3D) open scattering systems of finite size. We numerically investigate the transport of vector electromagnetic waves scattered by resonant electric dipoles spatially arranged in 3D space by stealthy hyperuniform disordered point patterns. Three-dimensional stealthy hyperuniform disordered systems (3D-SHDS) are engineered with different structural correlation properties determined by their degree of stealthiness χ. Such fine control of exotic states of amorphous matter enables the systematic design of optical media that interpolate in a tunable fashion between uncorrelated random structures and crystalline materials. By solving the electromagnetic multiple scattering problem using Green’s matrix spectral method, we establish a transport phase diagram that demonstrates a clear delocalization-localization transition beyond a critical scattering density that depends on χ. The transition is characterized by studying the Thouless number and the spectral statistics of the scattering resonances. In particular, by tuning the χ parameter, we demonstrate large spectral gaps and suppressed sub-radiant proximity resonances, facilitating light localization. Moreover, consistently with previous studies, our results show a region of the transport phase diagram where the investigated scattering systems become transparent. Our work provides a systematic description of the transport and localization properties of light in stealthy hyperuniform structures and motivates the engineering of novel photonic systems with enhanced light-matter interactions for applications to both classical and quantum devices. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phase diagrams

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Direct stimulation of somatosensory cortex results in slower reaction times compared to peripheral touch in humans (vol 9, 3292, 2019)

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2019年第1期9卷 1-11页

作者： Caldwell, David J. Cronin, Jeneva A. Wu, Jing Weaver, Kurt E. Ko, Andrew L. Rao, Rajesh P. N. Ojemann, Jeffrey G. Department of Bioengineering University of Washington Seattle USA. djcald@uw.edu. Medical Scientist Training Program University of Washington Seattle USA. djcald@uw.edu. National Science Foundation Center for Neurotechnology Seattle USA. djcald@uw.edu. Department of Bioengineering University of Washington Seattle USA. jcronin@uw.edu. National Science Foundation Center for Neurotechnology Seattle USA. jcronin@uw.edu. Department of Bioengineering University of Washington Seattle USA. National Science Foundation Center for Neurotechnology Seattle USA. Department of Radiology University of Washington Seattle USA. Department of Neurological Surgery University of Washington Seattle USA. Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle USA.

Direct cortical stimulation (DCS) of primary somatosensory cortex (S1) could help restore sensation and provide task-relevant feedback in a neuroprosthesis. However, the psychophysics of S1 DCS is poorly studied, including any comparison to cutaneous haptic stimulation. We compare the response times to DCS of human hand somatosensory cortex through electrocorticographic grids with response times to haptic stimuli delivered to the hand in four subjects. We found that subjects respond significantly slower to S1 DCS than to natural, haptic stimuli for a range of DCS train durations. Median response times for haptic stimulation varied from 198 ms to 313 ms, while median responses to reliably perceived DCS ranged from 254 ms for one subject, all the way to 528 ms for another. We discern no significant impact of learning or habituation through the analysis of blocked trials, and find no significant impact of cortical stimulation train duration on response times. Our results provide a realistic set of expectations for latencies with somatosensory DCS feedback for future neuroprosthetic applications and motivate the study of neural mechanisms underlying human perception of somatosensation via DCS.

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Thousand-fold increase in plasmonic light emission via combined electronic and optical Excitations

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Cui, Longji Zhu, Yunxuan Nordlander, Peter Di Ventra, Massimiliano Natelson, Douglas Department of Physics and Astronomy and Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093 United States

Surface plasmon enhanced processes and hot-carrier dynamics in plasmonic nanostructures are of great fundamental interest to reveal light-matter interactions at the nanoscale. Using plasmonic tunnel junctions as a platform supporting both electrically-and optically excited localized surface plasmons, we report a much greater (over 1000×) plasmonic light emission at upconverted photon energies under combined electro-optical excitation, compared with electrical or optical excitation separately. Two mechanisms compatible with the form of the observed spectra are interactions of plasmon-induced hot carriers and electronic anti-Stokes Raman scattering. Our measurement results are in excellent agreement with a theoretical model combining electro-optical generation of hot carriers through non-radiative plasmon excitation and hot-carrier relaxation. We also discuss the challenge of distinguishing relative contributions of hot carrier emission and the anti-Stokes electronic Raman process. This observed increase in above-threshold emission in plasmonic systems may open avenues in on-chip nanophotonic switching and hot carrier photocatalysis. © 2021, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Tunnel junctions

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Observation of the Magnonic Dicke Superradiant Phase Transition

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kim, Dasom Dasgupta, Sohail Ma, Xiaoxuan Park, Joong-Mok Wei, Hao-Tian Luo, Liang Doumani, Jacques Li, Xinwei Yang, Wanting Cheng, Di Kim, Richard H.J. Everitt, Henry O. Kimura, Shojiro Nojiri, Hiroyuki Wang, Jigang Cao, Shixun Bamba, Motoaki Hazzard, Kaden R.A. Kono, Junichiro Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Ames National Laboratory AmesIA50011 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics International Center of Quantum and Molecular Structures Materials Genome Institute Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China Department of Physics National University of Singapore 117551 Singapore Department of Physics and Astronomy Iowa State University AmesIA50011 United States Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory-South HoustonTX77005 United States Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan Department of Physics Yokohama National University Yokohama240-8501 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California DavisCA95616 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Two-level atoms coupled with single-mode cavity photons are predicted to exhibit a quantum phase transition when the coupling strength exceeds a critical value, entering a phase in which atomic polarization and photonic field are finite even at zero temperature and without external driving. However, this phenomenon, the superradiant phase transition (SRPT), is forbidden by a no-go theorem due to the existence of the diamagnetic term in the Hamiltonian. Here, we present spectroscopic evidence for a magnonic SRPT in ErFeO3, where the role of the photonic mode (two-level atoms) in the photonic SRPT is played by an Fe3+ magnon mode (Er3+ spins). The absence of the diamagnetic term in the Fe3+–Er3+ exchange coupling ensures that the no-go theorem does not apply. Terahertz and gigahertz magnetospectroscopy experiments revealed the signatures of the SRPT – a kink and a softening, respectively, of two spin–magnon hybridized modes at the critical point. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phase transitions

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Bulk-plasmon-mediated free-electron radiation beyond the conventional formation time

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Tay, Fuyang Lin, Xiao Shi, Xihang Chen, Hongsheng Kaminer, Ido Zhang, Baile Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation ZJUHangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States International Joint Innovation Center The Electromagnetics Academy Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Haining314400 China Department of Electrical Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa32000 Israel Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Jinhua321099 China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore

Free-electron radiation is a fundamental photon emission process that is induced by fast-moving electrons interacting with optical media. Historically, it has been understood that, just like any other photon emission process, free-electron radiation must be constrained within a finite time interval known as the "formation time", whose concept is applicable to both Cherenkov radiation and transition radiation, the two basic mechanisms describing radiation from a bulk medium and from an interface, respectively. Here we reveal an alternative mechanism of free-electron radiation far beyond the previously defined formation time. It occurs when a fast electron crosses the interface between vacuum and a plasmonic medium supporting bulk plasmons. While emitted continuously from the crossing point on the interface — thus consistent with the features of transition radiation — the extra radiation beyond the conventional formation time is supported by a long tail of bulk plasmons following the electron’s trajectory deep into the plasmonic medium. Such a plasmonic tail mixes surface and bulk effects, and provides a sustained channel for electron-interface interaction. These results also settle the historical debate in Ferrell radiation, regarding whether it is a surface or bulk effect, from transition radiation or plasmonic oscillation. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Plasmonics

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Response to "Comment on 'A novel two-dimensional boron-carbon-nitride (BCN) monolayer: A first-principles insight [J. Appl. Phys. 2021, 130, 114301]'"

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Bafekry, Asadollah Naseri, Mosayeb Fadlallah, Mohamed M. Sarsari, Ismaeil Abdolhosseini Faraji, Mehrdad Khatibani, Abbas bagheri Ghergherehchi, Mitra Gogova, Daniela Department of Radiation Application Shahid Beheshti University Tehran*** Iran Department of Physics Kermanshah Branch Islamic Azad University Kermanshah*** Iran Department of Physics Faculty of Science Benha University Benha13518 Egypt Department of Physics Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan84156-83111 Iran Micro and Nanotechnology Graduate Program TOBB University of Economics and Technology Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu Ankara06560 Turkey Nano Research Lab Lahijan Branch Islamic Azad University Lahijan1616 Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology Linkoping University Linköping581 83 Sweden

Mortazavi et al. comment on the results of our paper "A novel two-dimensional boron-carbon-nitride BCN monolayer: A First-principles insight," in which we have considered different configurations of BCN. For clarification, we applied the fingerprint theory [1-3] to examine the similarity between the distinct structures. The fingerprint function is a crystal structure descriptor, an 1D-function related to the pair correlation function and diffraction patterns. It does not depend on absolute atomic coordinates, but only on interatomic distances. Small deviations in atomic positions will influence the fingerprints only slightly [1-3]. Fingerprint theory allows quantification of the degree of order and complexity of a crystal structure. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Monolayers

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Taming cluster synchronization

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Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 2025年 199卷

作者： Tomaselli, Cinzia Gambuzza, Lucia Valentina Sun, Gui-Quan Boccaletti, Stefano Frasca, Mattia Modeling and Engineering Risk and Complexity Program Scuola Superiore Meridionale Naples80138 Italy Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Science Engineering University of Catania Catania95125 Italy Complex Systems Research Center Shanxi University Shanxi Taiyuan030006 China Sino-Europe Complex Science Center North University of China Shanxi Taiyuan030051 China Institute of Interdisciplinary Intelligent Science Ningbo Univ. of Technology Ningbo China CNR - Institute of Complex Systems Sesto FiorentinoI-50019 Italy

Synchronization is a widespread phenomenon observed across natural and artificial networked systems. It often manifests itself by clusters of units exhibiting coincident dynamics. These clusters are a direct consequence of the organization of the Laplacian matrix eigenvalues into spectral localized blocks. We show how the concept of spectral blocks can be leveraged to design straightforward yet powerful controllers able to fully manipulate cluster synchronization of a generic network, thus shaping at will its parallel functioning. Specifically, we demonstrate how to induce the formation of spectral blocks in networks where such structures would not exist, and how to achieve precise mastering over the synchronizability of individual clusters by dictating the sequence in which each of them enters or exits the synchronization stability region as the coupling strength varies. Our results underscore the pivotal role of cluster synchronization control in shaping the parallel operation of networked systems, thereby enhancing their efficiency and adaptability across diverse applications. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Networked control systems

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The Classification of Abnormal Hand Movement to Aid in Autism Detection: Machine Learning Study

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Lakkapragada, Anish Kline, Aaron Mutlu, Onur Cezmi Paskov, Kelley Chrisman, Brianna Stockham, Nathaniel Washington, Peter Wall, Dennis Paul Division of Systems Medicine Department of Pediatrics Stanford University StanfordCA United States Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA United States Department of Biomedical Data Science Stanford University StanfordCA United States Department of Bioengineering Stanford University StanfordCA United States Department of Neuroscience Stanford University StanfordCA United States Information and Computer Sciences University of Hawai'i at Manoa 2500 Campus Rd HonoluluHI96822 United States

Background: A formal autism diagnosis can be an inefficient and lengthy process. Families may wait several months or longer before receiving a diagnosis for their child despite evidence that earlier intervention leads to better treatment outcomes. Digital technologies that detect the presence of behaviors related to autism can scale access to pediatric diagnoses. A strong indicator of the presence of autism is self-stimulatory behaviors such as hand flapping. Objective: This study aims to demonstrate the feasibility of deep learning technologies for the detection of hand flapping from unstructured home videos as a first step toward validation of whether statistical models coupled with digital technologies can be leveraged to aid in the automatic behavioral analysis of autism. To support the widespread sharing of such home videos, we explored privacy-preserving modifications to the input space via conversion of each video to hand landmark coordinates and measured the performance of corresponding time series classifiers. Methods: We used the Self-Stimulatory Behavior Dataset (SSBD) that contains 75 videos of hand flapping, head banging, and spinning exhibited by children. From this data set, we extracted 100 hand flapping videos and 100 control videos, each between 2 to 5 seconds in duration. We evaluated five separate feature representations: four privacy-preserved subsets of hand landmarks detected by MediaPipe and one feature representation obtained from the output of the penultimate layer of a MobileNetV2 model fine-tuned on the SSBD. We fed these feature vectors into a long short-term memory network that predicted the presence of hand flapping in each video clip. Results: The highest-performing model used MobileNetV2 to extract features and achieved a test F1 score of 84 (SD 3.7;precision 89.6, SD 4.3 and recall 80.4, SD 6) using 5-fold cross-validation for 100 random seeds on the SSBD data (500 total distinct folds). Of the models we trained on privacy-preserved

关键词： Deep learning

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