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IEEE Potentials 2009年第6期28卷 19-24页

作者： Stroble, Jacquelyn K. Watkins, Steve Stone, Robert American Institute of Physics Discoveries Breakthroughs Inside Science Program United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Applied Optics Laboratory Missouri University of Science and Technology United States Mechanical Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Department Oregon State University United States

Biology has played a key role in influencing the development and optimization of a significant variety of sensors that provide engineers new ideas for improvements to current technology, new sensor technology, and potential sensor miniaturization. Biological systems, such as plants and insects offer significant methods of flight, imaging, sensing, adaptation to environment, and locomotion. The biological domain provides inspiration at many levels, such as cellular, organism, and species. A biological system is any biological organism, organism subsystem, or portion of an organism that is observed to exist. Abstraction of the biological system using analogical reasoning allows an engineering designer to look for a specific solution through mimicry in an approach to biology-inspired design. The analogous approach relies on the idea of figuring out the basis of overall biological system and of each part or subsystem that achieves the overall goal.

关键词： Biological systems

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Physically Grounded Deep Learning-Enabled Gold Nanoparticle Localization and Quantification in Photonic Resonator Absorption Microscopy for Digital Resolution Molecular Diagnostics

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Lee, Hankeun Li, Siyan Liu, Leyang Wang, Weijing Ayupova, Takhmina Tibbs, Joseph Kim, Chansong Fang, Ying Do, Minh N. Cunningham, Brian T. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Department of Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Lab University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Center for Genomic Diagnostics Woese Institute for Genomic Biology UrbanaIL United States Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Grainger College of Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Siebel School of Computing and Data Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Carle Illinois College of Medicine University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States VinUni-Illinois Smart Health Center VinUniversity Hanoi Viet Nam

Accurate molecular biomarker detection with digital-resolution sensitivity is essential for applications such as disease diagnostics, therapeutic studies, and biomedical research. Here, we present LOCA-PRAM (LOcalization with Context Awareness), a deep learning-based method integrated with a Photonic Resonator Absorption Microscope (PRAM) to achieve digital-resolution detection of biomolecules using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as molecular tags. LOCA-PRAM leverages photonic crystal (PC)-AuNP resonant-coupling to enhance signal contrast, facilitating precise quantification of target molecules without partitioning the sample into droplets or enzymatic amplification. Through registration of PRAM images with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images, we empirically obtain the point spread function (PSF) of AuNP tags, enabling realistic training data generation for the deep learning framework. LOCA-PRAM surpasses conventional image processing method in accuracy and sensitivity, achieving reliable AuNP detection and localization even in high-density conditions, minimizing false-positive and false-negative quantifications and expending the dynamic range of assay. Benchmarking with SEM-derived ground truth confirms LOCA-PRAM’s sub-pixel resolution and ability to accurately quantify AuNPs with overlapping PSF. Overall, the PRAM combined with LOCA-based AuNP digital counting enables real-time, high-precision detection of molecular biomarkers, advancing digital-resolution biosensing for biomedical research and diagnostics. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gold nanoparticles

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Size-dependent infiltration and optical detection of nucleic acids in nanoscale pores

Size-dependent infiltration and optical detection of nucleic...

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作者： Lawrie, Jenifer L. Jiao, Yang Weiss, Sharon M. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235 United States

Experiments and complimentary simulations are presented to demonstrate the size-dependent infiltration and detection of variable length nucleic acids in porous silicon with controllable pore diameters in the range of 15-60 nm. The pore diameter must be tuned according to target molecule size in order to most effectively balance sensitivity and size-exclusion. A quantitative relationship between pore size (15-60 nm), nucleic acid length (up to ~5.3 nm), and sensor response is presented with smallermolecules detected more sensitively in smaller pores as long as the pore diameter is sufficient to enable molecular infiltration and binding in the pores. The density of probe molecules on the pore walls and subsequent hybridization efficiency for targetmolecule binding are also reported and are shown to depend strongly on the method of infiltration as well as the target molecule size.© 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Porous silicon

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Plasmonic Nanostructures for Organic Photovoltaic Devices

Plasmonic Nanostructures for Organic Photovoltaic Devices

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Optical Nanostructures and Advanced Materials for Photovoltaics, PVLED 2014

作者： Park, Wounjhang Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309-0425 United States

We report the latest progress on plasmonic nanostructures for organic photovoltaic devices. Specifically, three aspects will be discussed: plasmon-exciton interaction, combined optical and electrical modeling and plas... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557527561

关键词： Plasmonics

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Transfer learning approach to modeling multichannel gate-all-around nanosheet field-effect transistors under work function fluctuations

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engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 2025年 148卷

作者： Dash, Sagarika Li, Yiming Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd. Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd. Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Institute of Communications Engineering National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd. Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd. Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd. Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Institute of Artificial Intelligence Innovation National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd. Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd. Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Department of Microelectronics National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd. Hsinchu300093 Taiwan

Deep learning (DL) has significantly advanced various industries, including semiconductors, by providing sophisticated methods for analyzing emerging device data. Transfer learning (TL), a prominent DL topology, leverages knowledge from a pre-trained model to improve the performance of a specific target task. This study aims to apply TL to predict the impact of work function fluctuation (WKF) on the variability of threshold voltage (σVTH) in gate-all-around silicon nanosheet field-effect transistors (GAA Si NS FETs). We used TL to transfer knowledge from models trained on 1-channel (1ch) GAA Si NS FETs to more complex 4-channel (4ch) counterparts. The prediction accuracy is evaluated by using the mean square error(MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and the mean absolute error(MAE) metrics. Our TL approach achieved an error rate of less than 1%, demonstrating high accuracy in predicting WKF effects on σ VTH of 4ch GAA Si NS FETs using only 500 samples. This study presents a pioneering application of TL using a one-dimensional (1D) convolutional neural network (CNN) long short-term memory (LSTM) topology in semiconductor device technology. The results effectively address the challenge of predicting σ VTH variations in advanced GAA Si NS FETs because of WKF, which eliminates the need for extensive semiconductor device simulations. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Curriculum on design automation at the University of Southern California 74

Curriculum on design automation at the University of Souther...

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1974 Annual ACM Conference/Annual Meeting, ACM 1974

作者： Breuer, Melvin A. Electrical Engineering Department and Computer Science Program University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90007 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450378505

During the 1969-70 academic year we introduced a course here at USC dealing with the use of computers in the design of digital system. This was probably the first such course of its kind instituted on a regular basis in the United States. The idea for such a course came from my colleagues in the special interests group on Design Automation of the IEEE computer Group. Their primary goal for such a course was to instill the basic concepts of computer aided design into our new graduates. This paper reviews the major aspects related to this course on computer design. Hopefully, other schools will be motivated to develop similar courses. It is interesting to note that in a recent issue of Spectrum [5], W. R. Beam states that "... every digital designer needs to know something about design automation, even if he's only going to build a single system." For this reason, a book on design automation [1] is one of his eleven essential books for the digital designer's reference and study library. 1974 ACM. All rights reserved.

关键词： computer aided design

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The Deep Learning Approach For American Sign Language Detection

The Deep Learning Approach For American Sign Language Detect...

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2022 IEEE Creative Communication and Innovative Technology, ICCIT 2022

作者： Pangestu, Gusti Heryadi, Yaya Lukas Suparta, Wayan Arifin, Yulyani Bina Nusantara University School of Computer Science Computer Science Department Binus Graduate Program Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Faculty of Engineering Jakarta12930 Indonesia Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta Faculty of Industrial Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Yogyakarta55281 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665468763

Sign language has importance rule to deal with communication process especially with impairments hearing people. Sign language detection also attract lot of researchers to join the challenge of research to detect and recognize the sign language in the field of computer science. Hence, there is still no any standard approach and method to recognize the meaning in every pose of sign language. This research proposed a mechanism to detect Alphabet American Sign Language by utilizing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) process. The CNN approach was chosen based on the ability and capability to recognize image. In this research, MNIST dataset is used for traning and testing process. The proposed CNN architecture produced 97% of accuracy that outperform the previous research using the same dataset which made this architecture promising. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Encoding of liquid capped microcapsule and heterogeneous assembly for multiplexed assay

Encoding of liquid capped microcapsule and heterogeneous ass...

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16th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences, MicroTAS 2012

作者： Song, Younghoon Kwon, Taehong Lee, Daewon Kim, Junhoi Oh, Dongyoon Park, Taejoon Kwon, Sunghoon School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Seoul Naional University Korea Republic of Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9780979806452

In this paper, we have demonstrated a technology for encoding of liquid capped microcapsule and dispensing thousands of heterogeneous encoded liquid drops into microwell array with only a single pipetting step, which would normally requires thousands of individual pipetting. With our technology, we can take advantages of both high coding capacity and liquid-liquid reaction, which is impossible in conventional droplet and bead-based assay platforms.

关键词： Liquids

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Initial design concepts for an advanced design automation system 12

Initial design concepts for an advanced design automation sy...

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12th Annual ACM IEEE Design Automation Conference, DAC 1974

作者： Breuer, Melvin A. Friedman, A.D. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Program University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90007 United States

Most design automation systems attempt to automate only a small part of the physical description. Much is left to the designers. An exploratory design automation system is being developed at the University of Southern California. The system is intended to be highly interactive and has several features which will enhance the possibilities of automatic physical description. Different approaches and algorithms required to accomplish the future system are outlined. © 1974 ACM.

关键词： computer aided design

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Minimization of fanout in switching networks 15

Minimization of fanout in switching networks

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15th Annual Symposium on Switching and Automata Theory, SWAT 1974

作者： Hayes, John P. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Program University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90007 United States

The problem of finding the minimum amount of fanout needed to realize a switching function f is investigated. Fanout-free functions are defined, and necessary and sufficient conditions for a function to be fanout-free are derived. A measure '(f) called the input fanout index, is introduced which represents the minimum number of input variables that fan out in any realization of f. I is shown that t(f), can be determined from the prime implicants and implicates of f. Another measure of fanout u(f), which is the minimum numbe r of signal lines that must fan out in any network realizing f is defined, and some of the properties of u(f) are examined. © 2021 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Switching networks

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