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IEEE Photonics Conference, IPC 2015

作者： Liu, Yu-Hsin Zhou, Yuchun Lo, Yu-Hwa Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San DiegoLJ92092-0418 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San DiegoLJ92092-0407 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781479974658

Avalanche photodiodes based on impact ionization can amplify optical signals, but the gain is associated with large excess noise and requires high bias near or above breakdown (for Geiger mode). Here we present a detector using the cycling excitation process (CEP) for signal amplification. This can be realized in a heavily compensated Si p-n junction, and shows ultra high gain at very low bias ( © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Impact ionization

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Sometimes, faculty matter: The contribution of faculty support to future engagement 122

Sometimes, faculty matter: The contribution of faculty suppo...

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2015 122nd ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Wilson, Denise Jones, Diane Carlson Bates, Rebecca A. Smith, Tamara Floyd Plett, Melani Veilleux, Nanette M. Department of Electrical Engineering University of Washington Seattle United States Department of Integrated Engineering Minnesota State University Mankato United States Department of Chemical Engineering Tuskegee University United States Department of Electrical Engineering Seattle Pacific University United States Computer Science and Informatics Program Simmons College BostonMA United States

In this study, we examine the contribution of student-faculty interactions to the future engagement of students in their academic endeavors. These relationships were evaluated in a one-year longitudinal study of STEM (including engineering and computer science) students at five different institutions. These five institutions include three types of Carnegie 2010 classifications (Bac-Diverse, Master's L, and RU-VH), four geographical locations including the northwest, northeast, midwest, and southeast, and both public and private institutions with total undergraduate enrollments varying from 1,900 to 29,000 students. Both behavioral (effort, participation) and emotional (positive, negative) aspects of engagement are studied. Results show that significant relationships emerged for three of the five schools between faculty support and engagement. Formal faculty support (that provided in the context of a particular course) predicted effort (a form of behavioral engagement) at the HBCU in this study and also positive emotional engagement for both the HBCU and Teaching institution. Informal faculty support (that provided outside the context of a particular course) predicted participation (another form of behavioral engagement) and positive emotional engagement at the Research institution in the study. These results suggest that institutional culture influences how what faculty do predicts future engagement outcomes for students. At the Research institution, it appears that what happens between faculty and students outside of class influences students while at smaller or teaching-oriented institutions, what faculty do inside a class matters more. These results can provide important insight to faculty as to how to guide their interactions with students at different institutions to make the most difference in students' academic lives. © American Society for engineering Education, 2015.

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A Computational Primitive for Convolution based on Coupled Oscillator Arrays

A Computational Primitive for Convolution based on Coupled O...

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IEEE computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI

作者： Donald M. Chiarulli Brandon Jennings Yan Fang Andrew Seel Steven P. Levitan Department of Computer Science Computer Engineering Graduate Program Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA

In this paper we present a new computational primitive for convolution using coupled oscillator arrays. It is based on a Degree of Match (DOM) operation for pairs of vectors of analog voltage encoded data. The convolution operation is synthesized from these DOM circuits and computes the precise mathematical convolution of the two vectors. We present an example circuit design for the DOM operator and SPICE simulations of the circuit behavior. A MATLAB model is curve fit to an inverted copy of this output and shown to be roughly equivalent to the square of the Euclidian distance between the vectors. Using a parameterized version of this model we conducted a MATLAB study to analyze the accuracy of the DOM and convolution operations under variations in oscillator array symmetry, locking range, and additive noise. We also show a small example of convolution with an edge enhancement filter.

关键词： Very large scale integration

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Mitigating radiation damage of single photon detectors for space applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Anisimova, Elena Higgins, Brendon L. Bourgoin, Jean-Philippe Cranmer, Miles Choi, Eric Hudson, Danya Piche, Louis P. Scott, Alan Makarov, Vadim Jennewein, Thomas Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Honeywell Aerospace COM DEV Ltd 303 Terry Fox Dr. Suite 100 OttawaONK2K 3J1 Canada Magellan Aerospace 3701 Carling Avenue OttawaONK2H 8S2 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Quantum Information Science Program Canadian Institute for Advanced Research TorontoONM5G 1Z8 Canada

Single-photon detectors in space must retain useful performance characteristics despite being bombarded with sub-atomic particles. Mitigating the effects of this space radiation is vital to enabling new space applications which require high-fidelity single-photon detection. To this end, we conducted proton radiation tests of various models of avalanche photodiodes (APDs) and one model of photomultiplier tube potentially suitable for satellite-based quantum communications. The samples were irradiated with 106 MeV protons at doses approximately equivalent to lifetimes of 0.6, 6, 12, and 24 months in a low-Earth polar orbit. Although most detection properties were preserved, including efficiency, timing jitter and afterpulsing probability, all APD samples demonstrated significant increases in dark count rate (DCR) due to radiation-induced damage, many orders of magnitude higher than the 200 counts per second (cps) required for ground-to-satellite quantum communications. We then successfully demonstrated the mitigation of this DCR degradation through the use of deep cooling, to as low as −86◦C. This achieved DCR below the required 200 cps over the 24 months orbit duration. DCR was further reduced by thermal annealing at temperatures of +50 to +100◦*** Codes 81-05 Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Space applications

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Bioinspired optical antennas: gold plant viruses

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Light(science & Applications) 2015年第1期4卷 447-453页

作者： SoonGweon Hong Mi Yeon Lee Andrew O Jackson Luke P Lee Department of Bioengineering University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Plant&Microbial Biology University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Biophysics Graduate Program University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA

The ability to capture the chemical signatures of biomolecules(i.e.,electron-transfer dynamics)in living cells will provide an entirely new perspective on biology and *** can be accomplished using nanoscale optical antennas that can collect,resonate and focus light from outside the cell and emit molecular ***,we describe biologically inspired nanoscale optical antennas that utilize the unique topologies of plant viruses(and thus,are called gold plant viruses)for molecular fingerprint *** electromagnetic calculations for these gold viruses indicate that capsid morphologies permit high amplification of optical scattering energy compared to a smooth *** experimental measurements of various gold viruses based on four different plant viruses,we observe highly enhanced optical cross-sections and the modulation of the resonance wavelength depending on the viral ***,in label-free molecular imaging,we successfully obtain higher sensitivity(by a factor of up to 10^(6))than can be achieved using similar-sized *** virtue of the inherent functionalities of capsids and the plasmonic characteristics of the gold layer,a gold virus-based antenna will enable cellular targeting,imaging and drug delivery.

关键词： molecular sensor nanophotonics optical antenna optical spectroscopy plant virus plasmonics plasmonic resonant energy transfer(PRET) surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)

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The 5th International Conference on Biomedical engineering and Biotechnology (ICBEB 2016) Abstracts

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BMC MEDICAL IMAGING 2016年第SUPPL 1期16卷 65-65页

作者： [Anonymous] Department of MRI Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 People’s Republic of China Department of Interventional Radiology Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 People’s Republic of China College of Information Science and Technology Engr. Research Center of Digitized Textile & Fashion Tech. for Ministry of Education Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China Intelligent multimedia information processing Lab College of Software Northeastern University Shenyang Liaoning Province 110004 China Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China School of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing Normal University Nanjing China Department of Electrical Engineering The City College of New York CUNY New York USA Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing Nanjing China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210046 China College of Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore School of Electronic Information Shanghai Dianji University Shanghai China School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Shepherd University Shepherdstown WV 25443 USA Davis College of Agriculture Natural Resources and Design West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26505 USA State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China Center of Medical Physics and Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China College of Agricultural and Life Sciences University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University New York NY 10012 USA Translational Imaging Division & MRI Unit Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute New York NY 10032 USA Guangxi Key Laboratory of Manufacturing System & Adv

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Photoacoustic microscopy of lipids using a graded-index multimode fiber amplifier

Photoacoustic microscopy of lipids using a graded-index mult...

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IEEE Symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

作者： Jessica L. Farland Margaret R. Ferrari Takashi Buma Union College Bioengineering Program Schenectady NY Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Union College Schenectady NY

ISBN: (纸本)9781479981830

Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) of lipid-rich tissue has applications in identifying atherosclerotic plaques and monitoring peripheral neuropathy. Many lipids have an optical absorption peak in the 1200 nm spectral range, which is typically produced with very expensive optical parametric oscillator (OPO) lasers. We have previously demonstrated that an inexpensive 1064 nm laser and nonlinear fiber optics can produce pulses in the 1200 nm spectral range. In this paper, we demonstrate an improved system producing a 10-fold increase in pulse energy at a wavelength (1215 nm) that is closer to the optical absorption peak of lipids. The key factors are: (1) a higher energy laser at a slightly shorter wavelength (2) and a graded-index multimode fiber (GIMF). Our system is based on a 1047 nm Q-switched Nd:YLF laser producing 14 ns pulses with 150 uJ of energy at a 1 kHz repetition rate. The laser pulses are coupled into a 95 meter long GIMF (0.2 NA, core diameter = 50 um). Stimulated Raman scattering produces four new spectral lines at 1098, 1150, 1215, and 1275 nm. The GIMF output pulse energies are measured to be 60, 12, 9, 7, and 3 uJ, respectively. Despite the multimode nature of the GIMF, beam profile measurements suggest that the new wavelengths occupy the fundamental mode of the fiber. PAM experiments are performed on a lipid phantom consisting of a small strip of butter placed between approximately 1.2 mm thick pieces of chicken breast meat. The butter strip is only visible at 1215 nm, which is consistent with the optical absorption peak of lipids. We believe the graded-index multimode fiber amplifier is a promising cost-effective method to produce microjoule-level pulses near 1210 nm for high-speed spectroscopic photoacoustic microscopy of lipid-rich tissue.

关键词： Optical fibers Optical pulses Optical imaging Fiber nonlinear optics Laser beams

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Writing-to-learn-to-program: Examining the need for a new genre in programming pedagogy 122

Writing-to-learn-to-program: Examining the need for a new ge...

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2015 122nd ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Jones, Bryan A. Mohammadi-Aragh, M. Jean Barton, Amy K. Reese, Donna Pan, Hejia Mississippi State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States Mississippi State University Shackouls Technical Communication Program United States Mississippi State University Computer Science and Engineering Department United States Mississippi State University Mississippi StateMS United States

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High-speed 3D brain activity quantification with compressive light-field microscopy

High-speed 3D brain activity quantification with compressive...

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Novel Techniques in Microscopy, NTM 2015

作者： Pégard, Nicolas Lyall, Evan Mardinly, Alan Antipa, Nick Waller, Laura Adesnik, Hillel Department of Molecular and Cell Biology UC Berkeley CA United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science UC Berkeley CA United States Biophysics Graduate Program UC Berkeley CA United States

We present a non-imaging light-field microscopy method for volume quantification of neural activity in scattering brain tissue. Individual neuron fluorescence is computed directly by independent component identificati... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557529541

关键词： Time domain analysis

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Automated, high throughput exploration of process–structure–property relationships using the MapReduce paradigm

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Materials Discovery 2015年 1卷 21-28页

作者： Wodo, Olga Zola, Jaroslaw Sarath Pokuri, Balaji Sesha Du, Pengfei Ganapathysubramanian, Baskar University at Buffalo Materials Design and Innovation Department Buffalo United States University at Buffalo Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department Buffalo United States University at Buffalo Computational and Data-Enabled Science and Engineering Program Buffalo United States University at Buffalo Computer Science and Engineering Department Buffalo United States University at Buffalo Biomedical Informatics Department Buffalo United States Iowa State University Mechanical Engineering Department Ames United States Iowa State University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Ames United States

The microstructure of a material intimately affects the performance of a device made from this material. The microstructure, in turn, is affected by the processing pathway used to fabricate the device. This forms the process–structure–property triangle that is central to material science. There has been increasing interest to comprehensively understand and subsequently exploit process–structure–property (PSP) relationships to design processing pathways that result in tailored microstructures exhibiting optimal properties. However, unraveling process–structure–property relationships usually requires systematic and tedious combinatorial search of process and system variables to identify the microstructures that are produced. This is further complicated by the necessity to interrogate the properties of the huge set of corresponding microstructures. Motivated by this challenge, we focus on developing a generic methodology to establish and explore PSP pathways. We leverage recent advances in high performance computing (HPC) and high throughput computing (HTC) with the premise that a domain expert should be able to focus on domain specific PSP problems while the highly specialized HPC/HTC knowledge needed to approach such problems should be hidden from the domain expert. Our hypothesis is that PSP exploration can be naturally formulated in terms of a standard paradigm in cloud computing, namely the MapReduce programming model. We show how reformulating PSP exploration into a MapReduce workflow enables us to take advantage of advances in cloud computing while requiring minimal specialized knowledge of HPC. We illustrate this generic approach by exploring PSP relationships relevant to organic photovoltaics. We focus on identifying microstructural traits that correlate with specific properties of the photovoltaic process: exciton generation, exciton dissociation and charge generation. We integrate a graph-based microstructure characterization tool, and a microstructure-aware

关键词： Drift diffusion model High throughput analysis MapReduce paradigm Organic solar cells Process–structure–processing Thermal annealing

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