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Investigation of interstitial ultrasound ablation of spinal and paraspinal tumors: A patient-specific and parametric simulation study

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1821卷

作者： Serena J. Scott Vasant Salgaonkar Punit Prakash E. Clif Burdette Chris J. Diederich Thermal Therapy Research Group Dept. of Radiation Oncology University of California San Francisco 1600 Divisadero St. Suite H-1031 San Francisco CA 94143 USA UC Berkeley – UC San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering CA USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA Acoustic MedSystems 208 Burwash Ave. Savoy IL 61874 USA

Preferential acoustic absorption and heating of bone can significantly impact interstitial ultrasound ablation of tumors within or bordering the spine. Furthermore, intervening cortical bone may provide acoustic and thermal insulation that can protect sensitive structures nearby, such as the spinal cord. The objectives of this study are firstly, to apply parametric and patient-specific models to theoretically assess the feasibility of interstitial ultrasound ablation of tumors within and near the spine, and secondly, to identify potential energy delivery strategies, safety criteria, advantages, and disadvantages of interstitial ultrasound in this setting. Transient biothermal models using previously validated approximations for power deposition within bone from interstitial sources were employed. Multilayered axisymmetric models were used to perform a parametric assessment of the impact of tumor dimensions, attenuation (dependent on residual bone content), perfusion, and maximum temperature thresholds on necessary treatment parameters and on treatment effectiveness. 3D patient-specific finite element models were generated based on segmented CT scans for nine representative patient cases selected to bracket a range of clinical interest, with tumors in or near the vertebrae, sacrum, and ilium. Tumors were 10-27 mm in diameter, 10-43 mm long, and 0-14 mm from the spinal canal. Paraspinal tumors, osteolytic vertebral tumors, and a mixed osteolytic/osteoblastic iliac bone tumor were considered. 7 MHz (1.5 mm OD) and 3.0 MHz (3.2 mm OD) applicators with an array of 1-4 tubular transducers (0.5 -1.5 cm long, 150-360° sector angles), were applied in various implant configurations. Variable thicknesses of bone insulating critical anatomy from the tumor and insulation of the spinal cord with injected carbon dioxide were also investigated for definition of safety margins and possible protection of critical structures. 6-44 mm diameter osteolytic tumors surrounded by bone and b

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How engineering students study: Alone, together, or start alone, end together 122

How engineering students study: Alone, together, or start al...

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2015 122nd ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Wilson, Denise Allendoerfer, Cheryl Bates, Rebecca A. Smith, Tamara Floyd Plett, Melani I. Veilleux, Nanette M. Department of Electrical Engineering University of Washington Seattle United States College of Engineering University of Washington United States Department of Integrated Engineering Minnesota State University Mankato United States Department of Chemical Engineering Tuskegee University United States Department of Electrical Engineering Seattle Pacific University United States Computer Science and Informatics Program Simmons College BostonMA United States

This study interviewed 33 students from four different institutions in a variety of engineering and computer science majors in order to understand how and why students study the way they do. The institutions involved in this research include two types of Carnegie 2010 Classifications (Master's L and RU-VH), geographical locations in the northwest, northeast, and midwest, both public and private institutions, and enrollments varying from 3,500 to 29,000 students (total undergraduates among all majors). Although this interview pool does not provide a large sample size, and thus results must be interpreted qualitatively and with caution, we found that a majority of students begin their studying alone and seek help only later when they run into trouble with their coursework. Despite the fact that this Start alone, End together model for studying was the predominant approach among interviewees, the reasons for choosing this mode of studying vary. For example, students at the small Women's college in this study reported easy accessibility to faculty as a reason to refrain from studying in groups, while students at the large research university reported a need to focus properly, learn fully, and make the most efficient use of limited time as the prevalent reason for beginning their study alone. Furthermore, when asked how they prefer to study, many students shift from a Start alone, End together model to a Start alone, End alone model, suggesting that students may have unrealistic expectations of being able to complete assignments and study on their own. Still other students, while making the best of Start alone, End together, expressed that they would much rather work in a group from start to finish. The results of our student interviews suggest the need for a larger study that investigates how prevalent the Start alone, End together model of studying is among a large, representative sample of engineering and computer science students and if it is an arrangement that stud

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Computational cellscope: Multi-contrast imaging on a smartphone-based microscope using a domed programmable LED array

Computational cellscope: Multi-contrast imaging on a smartph...

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Bio-Optics: Design and Application, BODA 2015

作者： Phillips, Zachary F. D'Ambrosio, Michael V. Tian, Lei Rulison, Jared J. Patel, Hurshal S. Sadras, Nitin Gande, Aditya V. Switz, Neil A. Fletcher, Daniel A. Waller, Laura Graduate Group in Applied Science and Technology University of California Berkeley CA94720 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley CA94720 United States Department of Bioengineering University of California Berkeley CA94720 United States

We present a domed programmable LED array attachment for CellScope, enabling streaming brightfield, darkfield, and differential phase contrast imaging and digital refocusing on a smartphone-based microscope, without t... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557529541

关键词： Smartphones

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25th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting CNS-2016, Seogwipo City, South Korea, July 2-7, 2016 Abstracts

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BMC NEUROscience 2016年第1期17卷 1-112页

作者： [Anonymous] Computational Neurobiology Laboratory The Salk Institute for Biological Studies San Diego USA UNIC CNRS Gif sur Yvette France The European Institute for Theoretical Neuroscience (EITN) Paris France ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories Kyoto Japan Krembil Research Institute University Health Network Toronto Canada Department of Physiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Medicine (Neurology) University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Physics University of New Hampshire Durham USA Department of Neurophysiology Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Warsaw Poland Department of Theory Wigner Research Centre for Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest Hungary Department of Mathematical Sciences KAIST Daejoen Republic of Korea Department of Mathematics University of Houston Houston USA Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology and Institute of Biosciences and Bioengineering Rice University Houston USA Department of Biology and Biochemistry University of Houston Houston USA Grupo de Neurocomputación Biológica Dpto. de Ingeniería Informática Escuela Politécnica Superior Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain Department of Biological Sciences University of Southern California Los Angeles USA Center for Neuroscience Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul South Korea Department of Neurology Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx USA Center for Neuroscience KIST Seoul South Korea Department of Neuroscience University of Science and Technology Daejon South Korea Systems Neuroscience Group QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston Australia Department of Psychology Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Department of Psychiatry Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong Seoul South Korea Department of Psychiatry Veterans Administration Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School Brockton USA Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkvil

A1 Functional advantages of cell-type heterogeneity in neural circuits Tatyana O. Sharpee A2 Mesoscopic modeling of propagating waves in visual cortex Alain Destexhe A3 Dynamics and biomarkers of mental disorders Mitsuo Kawato F1 Precise recruitment of spiking output at theta frequencies requires dendritic h-channels in multi-compartment models of oriens-lacunosum/moleculare hippocampal interneurons Vladislav Sekulić, Frances K. Skinner F2 Kernel methods in reconstruction of current sources from extracellular potentials for single cells and the whole brains Daniel K. Wójcik, Chaitanya Chintaluri, Dorottya Cserpán, Zoltán Somogyvári F3 The synchronized periods depend on intracellular transcriptional repression mechanisms in circadian clocks. Jae Kyoung Kim, Zachary P. Kilpatrick, Matthew R. Bennett, Kresimir Josić O1 Assessing irregularity and coordination of spiking-bursting rhythms in central pattern generators Irene Elices, David Arroyo, Rafael Levi, Francisco B. Rodriguez, Pablo Varona O2 Regulation of top-down processing by cortically-projecting parvalbumin positive neurons in basal forebrain Eunjin Hwang, Bowon Kim, Hio-Been Han, Tae Kim, James T. McKenna, Ritchie E. Brown, Robert W. McCarley, Jee Hyun Choi O3 Modeling auditory stream segregation, build-up and bistability James Rankin, Pamela Osborn Popp, John Rinzel O4 Strong competition between tonotopic neural ensembles explains pitch-related dynamics of auditory cortex evoked fields Alejandro Tabas, André Rupp, Emili Balaguer-Ballester O5 A simple model of retinal response to multi-electrode stimulation Matias I. Maturana, David B. Grayden, Shaun L. Cloherty, Tatiana Kameneva, Michael R. Ibbotson, Hamish Meffin O6 Noise correlations in V4 area correlate with behavioral performance in visual discrimination task Veronika Koren, Timm Lochmann, Valentin Dragoi, Klaus Obermayer O7 Input-location dependent gain modulation in cerebellar nucleus neurons Maria Psarrou, Maria Schilstra, Neil Davey, Benjamin Torben-Ni

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Creation of backdoors in quantum communications via laser damage

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Physical Review A 2016年第3期94卷 030302(R)-030302(R)页

作者： Vadim Makarov Jean-Philippe Bourgoin Poompong Chaiwongkhot Mathieu Gagné Thomas Jennewein Sarah Kaiser Raman Kashyap Matthieu Legré Carter Minshull Shihan Sajeed Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada N2L 3G1 Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada N2L 3G1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada N2L 3G1 Department of Engineering Physics and Department of Electrical Engineering École Polytechnique de Montréal Montréal QC Canada H3C 3A7 Quantum Information Science Program Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Toronto ON Canada M5G 1Z8 ID Quantique SA Chemin de la Marbrerie 3 1227 Carouge Geneva Switzerland

Practical quantum communication (QC) protocols are assumed to be secure provided implemented devices are properly characterized and all known side channels are closed. We show that this is not always true. We demonstrate a laser-damage attack capable of modifying device behavior on demand. We test it on two practical QC systems for key distribution and coin tossing, and show that newly created deviations lead to side channels. This reveals that laser damage is a potential security risk to existing QC systems, and necessitates their testing to guarantee security.

关键词： Lasers Quantum cryptography Quantum optics

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Nonsingular defects and self-assembly of colloidal particles in cholesteric liquid crystals

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Physical Review E 2016年第6期94卷 062703-062703页

作者： Rahul P. Trivedi Mykola Tasinkevych Ivan I. Smalyukh Department of Physics and Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente Systeme Heisenbergstrasse 3 D-70569 Stuttgart Germany IV. Institut für Theoretische Physik Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 57 D-70569 Stuttgart Germany Soft Materials Research Center and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

Cholesteric liquid crystals can potentially provide a means for tunable self-organization of colloidal particles. However, the structures of particle-induced defects and the ensuing elasticity-mediated colloidal interactions in these media remain much less explored and understood as compared to their nematic liquid crystal counterparts. Here we demonstrate how colloidal microspheres of varying diameter relative to the helicoidal pitch can induce dipolelike director field configurations in cholesteric liquid crystals, where these particles are accompanied by point defects and a diverse variety of nonsingular line defects forming closed loops. Using laser tweezers and nonlinear optical microscopy, we characterize the ensuing medium-mediated elastic interactions and three-dimensional colloidal assemblies. Experimental findings show a good agreement with numerical modeling based on minimization of the Landau–de Gennes free energy and promise both practical applications in the realization of colloidal composite materials and a means of controlling nonsingular topological defects that attract a great deal of fundamental interest.

关键词： Cholesteric liquid crystals

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Correction: Liquid-capped encoded microcapsules for multiplex assays

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Lab on a chip 2017年第4期17卷 738页

作者： Younghoon Song Yunjin Jeong Taehong Kwon Daewon Lee Dong Yoon Oh Tae-Joon Park Junhoi Kim Jiyun Kim Sunghoon Kwon Institutes of Entrepreneurial BioConvergence Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea. skwon@snu.ac.kr and Department of Electrical and Computer Science Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea. Institutes of Entrepreneurial BioConvergence Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea. skwon@snu.ac.kr and Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea. Nano Systems Institute Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea. Institutes of Entrepreneurial BioConvergence Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea. skwon@snu.ac.kr and Department of Electrical and Computer Science Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea and Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea and Nano Systems Institute Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea and Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea and Quantamatrix Inc. Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea.

Correction for 'Liquid-capped encoded microcapsules for multiplex assays' by Younghoon Song et al., Lab Chip, 2017, DOI: .

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Vertically aligned nanocomposite oxide thin films with enhanced ionic conductivity 228

Vertically aligned nanocomposite oxide thin films with enhan...

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Symposium on Ionic Conducting Oxide Thin Films - 228th ECS Meeting

作者： Su, Qing Zhang, Wenrui Jacob, Clement Yoon, Daeil Manthiram, Arumugam Wang, Haiyan Department of Material Science and Engineering Texas A and M University College StationTX77843-3128 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A and M University College StationTX77843-3128 United States Electrochemical Energy Laboratory Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781607685395

Oxide thin films with high ionic conductivity are crucial for sustainable energy production systems such as fuel cells that provide efficient and environmental-friendly energy. Key materials science efforts are associated with developing such oxides with high ionic conductivity. Of particular importance for developing thin film oxide materials is high performance and good stability in the operation temperature range. In this paper, vertically aligned nanocomposites (VAN) approach is reviewed. It creates vertical interfaces of two oxide materials and provides a new design paradigm to manipulate functionalities that cannot be obtained in individual constituents. Two major examples corresponding to ionic conducting oxide thin films in the VAN form presented are: (1) vertically aligned electrolyte/electrolyte nanocomposites with superior vertical ionic conductivity, and (2) vertically aligned electrode/electrolyte nanocomposites as an interlayer to increase the catalytic reaction probability. Finally, opportunities of tuning functionalities of such VAN systems are introduced. © The Electrochemical Society.

关键词： Nanocomposites

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Optical coherence microscopy using hardware and computational adaptive optics

Optical coherence microscopy using hardware and computationa...

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Adaptive Optics: Analysis, Methods and Systems, AO 2015

作者： Liu, Yuan-Zhi South, Fredrick A. Pande, Paritosh Shemonski, Nathan D. Carney, P. Scott Boppart, Stephen A. Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States

Aberrations can be compensated for by adaptive optics. In this paper, we combined adaptive optics with optical coherence microscopy for high resolution imaging. Comparisons between hardware and computational adaptive ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580002

关键词： Adaptive optics

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High performance, low power nanowire transistor devices

RSC Smart Materials

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RSC Smart Materials 2015年第11期2015-January卷 54-110页

作者： Xiang, Jie Kim, Ji Hun Lu, Wei Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San DiegoCA United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San DiegoCA United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States

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