This paper presents the design and implementation of highly-miniaturized, low-power CMOS signal conditioning schemes intended for use in a totally implantable biomedical sensor platform. Due to the thrust for the deve...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479930074
This paper presents the design and implementation of highly-miniaturized, low-power CMOS signal conditioning schemes intended for use in a totally implantable biomedical sensor platform. Due to the thrust for the development implantable biomedical sensing systems for health management and disease prevention, there exists a need for signal processing schemes which occupy very little on-chip real estate and consume negligible amounts of power. In light of this, this paper presents both a CMOS current-to-frequency converter and voltage-tofrequency converter which have been designed primarily for use in implantable biosensing platforms and applications. Such designs can be implemented in stand-alone single sensor designs, or in tandem to create multi-analyte architectures. The versatility of employing current-to-frequency as well as voltageto- frequency signal transduction schemes presents an avenue for the integration with any electrochemical sensing element which has been fabricated in an amperometric or voltammetric fashion. Furthermore, we demonstrate the efficacy of both these circuit designs by integrating them together with high performance electrochemical implantable glucose and pH sensors. The low power consumption and miniature size of the amperometric and voltammetric signal processing units (0.25 mm2 and 18 IlW / 0.045 mm2 and 122 IlW, respectively) presents an ideal design for signal processing in implantable continuous metabolic monitoring devices.
Posture detection using Inertia Measurement Unit (IMU) has recently attracted great interests in healthcare research community. However, very few studies focus on the applications of this technology in the care of inp...
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Posture detection using Inertia Measurement Unit (IMU) has recently attracted great interests in healthcare research community. However, very few studies focus on the applications of this technology in the care of inpatients. This specific group of users, who are moderately to severely ill, have a distinct set of postures and activities that require special attentions and continuous monitoring from clinicians. In this paper, we present a novel methodology for automatic detection of postures for hospitalized patients using two wearable IMU sensors, with tri-axial accelerometers, attached at the chest and the abdomen respectively. The data were collected from participants who were carefully instructed to perform activities and attain postures that simulate those of hospitalized patients in real life. From the data retrieved, we performed orientation analysis for acceleration vectors and transition analysis for transitional activities between various postures. Both rule-based detection and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for transition recognition achieved high accuracy. The results also showed that a combination of orientation and transition study could enhance the robustness of the detection algorithm. Due to its efficiency and simplicity, the proposed method could find its way into many applications that aim to improve the current state of inpatient healthcare.
Poultry scientists and researchers have been studying the possibility of identifying bird stress from the vocal patterns of broiler flocks. Being able to identify stress or sickness in a flock can lead to early interv...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781627486651
Poultry scientists and researchers have been studying the possibility of identifying bird stress from the vocal patterns of broiler flocks. Being able to identify stress or sickness in a flock can lead to early interventions. However, as the flock ages, the vocal properties change. This paper presents the preliminary results of an age classification technique using the C4.5 decision three algorithm using Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs), audio frequencies commonly used from speech processing. Sound data was collected continuously over a 61-day period. The flock was composed of 400 Cobb500™ broilers raised under research conditions mimicking commercial operations. Results of the data processing and the C4.5 classification indicate that age can be determined within one day of error with 70% frequency. This process of determining age of a flock is intended to be the first step in a larger comprehensive system for identifying the condition of the flock and assessing animal welfare.
In this panel, we will address questions regarding the development and execution of one type of industry-academic collaboration - corporate-sponsored projects. As representatives of programs at both public and private...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467351386
In this panel, we will address questions regarding the development and execution of one type of industry-academic collaboration - corporate-sponsored projects. As representatives of programs at both public and private institutions, we will address a set of questions related to these programs. We have prepared an initial list that will be augmented with questions submitted and voted on by conference participants in advance of the session. After we have presented our prepared responses, the balance of the session will be dedicated to open discussion with audience members.
Porous, nanostructured silver samples were produced using a direct-write method where a nanoparticle aerosol consisting of particles with a mean size of approximately 5 nm were accelerated to speeds of approximately 1...
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We present a method to dynamically image structures at nanometer spatial resolution with far-field instruments. We propose the use of engineered nanoprobes with distinguishable spectral responses and the measurement o...
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We demonstrate fast universal electrical spin manipulation with inhomogeneous magnetic fields. With fast Rabi frequency up to 127 MHz, we leave the conventional regime of strong nuclear-spin influence and observe a sp...
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We demonstrate fast universal electrical spin manipulation with inhomogeneous magnetic fields. With fast Rabi frequency up to 127 MHz, we leave the conventional regime of strong nuclear-spin influence and observe a spin-flip fidelity >96%, a distinct chevron Rabi pattern in the spectral-time domain, and a spin resonance linewidth limited by the Rabi frequency, not by the dephasing rate. In addition, we establish fast z rotations up to 54 MHz by directly controlling the spin phase. Our findings will significantly facilitate tomography and error correction with electron spins in quantum dots.
Branched nanowire (NW) heterostructures have recently been attracted considerable attention for solar water splitting and clean hydrogen production due to their unique properties such as nanoscale integration of diffe...
Branched nanowire (NW) heterostructures have recently been attracted considerable attention for solar water splitting and clean hydrogen production due to their unique properties such as nanoscale integration of different functional materials, greatly enhanced junction and surface area, enhanced gas evolution efficiency, broadband light absorption, etc. Moreover, branched NWs can be fabricated using facile and scalable fabrication methods such as hydrothermal or solvothermal growth methods. In this presentation, we show branched NWs of different compositions for core (or trunk) and branch NWs which were fabricated with facile and low-cost synthesis methods using cheap, non-toxic, and earth abundant materials including Si, CuO, Cu2O, ZnO, TiO2, and Fe2O3. The branched NW structures and the heterostructures' interfaces are investigated in detail using different characterization techniques such as SEM/HRSEM, TEM/HRTEM, STEM/HRSETM, etc. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) performances including photocurrent turn-on potential, photocurrent, solar conversion efficiency, and incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) are studied systematically and optimized, based on different core and branch NW dimensions, for each specific branched NW heterostructure to provide efficient water splitting in a neutral medium. The electrode stability of different branched NWs is also investigated and long-term stability of over one day or several hours using a thin passivation layer or robust branched NWs are presented. The achieved results pave the way for accomplishing spontaneous overall solar water splitting for clean, efficient, cost-effective and durable solar hydrogen generation at large scales.
Detection and characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from minimally invasive "liquid biopsy" provides critical insights into tumor biology and is critical for companion diagnostics and care. Here...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781632666246
Detection and characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from minimally invasive "liquid biopsy" provides critical insights into tumor biology and is critical for companion diagnostics and care. Here, we present a multiplexed spiral biochip for ultra-high throughput isolation of CTCs using inertial microfluidics to realize a single step label-free enrichment process. This device is capable of efficient cell separation of clinically relevant blood volumes in a short period of time (7.5 mL blood in 35 min). CTCs were successfully detected and isolated from 100% (50/50) blood samples collected from patients with advanced stage metastatic breast and lung cancer. They were identified under immunofluorescence assays (cytokeratin positive), as well as molecular probes (EGFR or HER2 positive). CTC recovery rate ranges from 3-1535 CTCs/mL and obtained under high purity (1 CTC for every 30-100 white blood cells detected). Retrieved cells are unlabelled and hence more viable for propagation, drug development and other downstream analysis.
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