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2012 12th IEEE International Conference on Nanotechnology, NANO 2012

作者： Lee, Jongho Tao, Li Parrish, Kristen N. Yufeng Hao Ruoff, Rodney S. Akinwande, Deji Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78758 United States Mechanical Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467321983

A highly bendable, high mobility graphene field-effect transistor with embedded-gate structure is fabricated on commercial polyimide films. Multi-finger configuration consisting of 10 and 18 fingers is used to increase the current drivability. Bendability measurements for the device show that it is fully functional at the bending radius of down to 1.3mm. The shift in the dirac point is less than 0.6V, which is the result from the high uniformity of the grown graphene films and the simplified process minimizing the exposure of graphene to chemicals and the risk of chemical contamination. Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposited silicon nitride is used as a capping layer to prevent contamination of the device from environments and provides robust protection over exposure to liquids. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Flexible electronics

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Colorimetrics: Colorimetric Plasmon Resonance Imaging Using Nano Lycurgus Cup Arrays (Advanced Optical Materials 1/2013)

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Advanced Optical Materials 2013年第1期1卷 1-1页

作者： Gartia, Manas Ranjan Hsiao, Austin Pokhriyal, Anusha Seo, Sujin Kulsharova, Gulsim Cunningham, Brian T. Bond, Tiziana C. Liu, Gang Logan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL 61801 United States Department of Nuclear Plasma and Radiological Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL 61801 United States Meso Micro and Nano Technologies Center Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA 94550 7000 East Avenue United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL61801 United States Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL61801 United States Department of Material Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL61801 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL61801 United States Micro and Nano Technology Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

A nanocup structure that mimics the Lycurgus cup effect enables nanoplasmonic spectroscopy to be used for colorimetric sensing, requiring only the naked eye or ordinary visible color photography. Enhanced optical transmission from the subwavelength cup structures couples with the localized surface plasmon from metal nanoparticles on the side walls of the cup, creating extraordinary sensitivity and visible color changes. Utility of the sensor for chemical imaging, biomolecular imaging, and integration to portable microfluidics devices for lab-on chip-applications is demonstrated by Liu and co-workers on page 68. © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

关键词： Biosensing Colorimetric imaging Nanoarrays Nanoholes Surface plasmons

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Finding optimal random boolean networks for reservoir computing

Finding optimal random boolean networks for reservoir comput...

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13th International Conference on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems: Artificial Life 13, ALIFE 2012

作者： Snyder, David Goudarzi, Alireza Teuscher, Christof Department of Computer Science Portland State University Portland OR 97201 United States Systems Science Graduate Program Portland State University Portland OR 97201 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Portland State University Portland OR 97201 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780262310505

Reservoir Computing (RC) is a computational model in which a trained readout layer interprets the dynamics of a component called a reservoir that is excited by external input stimuli. The reservoir is often constructed using homogeneous neural networks in which a neuron's in-degree distributions as well as its functions are uniform. RC lends itself to computing with physical and biological systems. However, most such systems are not homogeneous. In this paper, we use Random Boolean Networks (RBN) to build the reservoir. We explore the computational capabilities of such a RC device using the temporal parity task and the temporal density classification. We study the sufficient dynamics of RBNs using kernel quality and generalization rank measures. We verify findings by Lizier et al. (2008) that the critical connectivity of RBNs optimizes the balance between the high memory capacity of RBNs with (K) 2. We show that in a RBN-based RC system, the optimal connectivity for the parity task, a processing intensive task, and the density classification task, a memory intensive task, agree with Lizier et al.'s theoretical results. Our findings may contribute to the development of optimal selfassembled nanoelectronic computer architectures and biologically-inspired computing paradigms. © 2012 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

关键词： computer architecture

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Nanotextured material for applications in CSF sample screening and characterization

Nanotextured material for applications in CSF sample screeni...

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2012 MRS Spring Meeting

作者： Vattipalli, Krishna Brandigampala, Savindra McGraw, Claire Chatterjee, Gaurav Kasturirangan, Srinath Schulz, Philip Sierks, Michael Prasad, Shalini Department of Bioengineering University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX 75080 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Wichita State University Wichita KS 67260 United States Department of Chemical Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781627482592

Neurodegenerative disease is primarily characterized by protein misfolding and the resultant protein aggregation. Presence of soluble oligomeric aggregates of proteins including various Aβ and α-syn aggregate species can be correlated to the onset and progression of many neurodegenerative diseases. The ability to detect protein misfolding requires the design of a diagnostics assay the will enable molecular level probing. The use of nanoporous ceramic templates enables size based immobilization of the target proteins and by leveraging the principle of "macromolecular crowding" protein association can be mapped with a high degree of resolution. By tailoring the surface functionalization within nanoporous ceramic templates, macromolecular immobilization can be selectively controlled, which in turn significantly enhances the perturbation to the electrical double layer/. The changes to the electrical double layer are measured with a high degree of sensitivity through impedance spectroscopy. Pre symptomatic diagnosis and distinction between Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases can be achieved by the specific detection and quantification of levels of each of these different toxic protein species in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Detection using highly selective morphology specific reagents in conjunction with the ultrasensitive nanoporous electronic biosensor showed the presence of different protein morphologies in human CSF samples. Detection is primarily achieved by identifying the specific association of the protein with its receptor using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Furthermore, we show that these morphology specific reagents can readily classify between post-mortem CSF samples from AD, PD and cognitively normal sources. These studies suggest that detection of specific oligomeric aggregate species holds great promise as sensitive biomarkers for neurodegenerative disease. © 2012 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases

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Active Shape-Morphing Elastomeric Colloids in Short-Pitch Cholesteric Liquid Crystals

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Physical Review Letters 2013年第18期110卷 187802-187802页

作者： Julian S. Evans Yaoran Sun Bohdan Senyuk Patrick Keller Victor M. Pergamenshchik Taewoo Lee Ivan I. Smalyukh Department of Physics University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 People’s Republic of China Institut Curie Centre de Recherche CNRS UMR 168 Université Pierre et Marie Curie 75248 Paris cedex 05 France Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Institute of Physics Prospect Nauky 46 Kyiv 03039 Ukraine Material Science and Engineering Program Department of Electrical Computer & Energy Engineering and Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

Active elastomeric liquid crystal particles with initial cylindrical shapes are obtained by means of soft lithography and polymerization in a strong magnetic field. Gold nanocrystals infiltrated into these particles mediate energy transfer from laser light to heat, so that the inherent coupling between the temperature-dependent order and shape allows for dynamic morphing of these particles and well-controlled stable shapes. Continuous changes of particle shapes are followed by their spontaneous realignment and transformations of director structures in the surrounding cholesteric host, as well as locomotion in the case of a nonreciprocal shape morphing. These findings bridge the fields of liquid crystal solids and active colloids, may enable shape-controlled self-assembly of adaptive composites and light-driven micromachines, and can be understood by employing simple symmetry considerations along with electrostatic analogies.

关键词： LIQUID crystals PARTICLES SOFT lithography POLYMERIZATION MAGNETIC fields

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Plasmonics: Near‐Field Enhanced Plasmonic‐Magnetic Bifunctional Nanotubes for Single Cell Bioanalysis (Adv. Funct. Mater. 35/2013)

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Advanced Functional Materials 2013年第35期23卷

作者： Xiaobin Xu Huifeng Li Dihan Hasan Rodney S. Ruoff Alan X. Wang D. L. Fan Materials Science and Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331 USA

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Investigation of belonging for engineering and science undergraduates by year in school

Investigation of belonging for engineering and science under...

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119th ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Smith, Tamara Floyd Wilson, Denise Jones, Diane Carlson Plett, Melani Bates, Rebecca A. Veilleux, Nanette M. Department of Chemical Engineering Tuskegee University United States University of Washington Department of Electrical Engineering United States Seattle Pacific University United States Department of Computer Science Department Integrated Engineering Program Minnesota State University Mankato United States Simmons College United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780878232413

Belonging is an important factor in STEM education and is a basic human need which is dependent on social relationships for fulfillment. In this work, researchers at five institutions continued a multi-year study of belonging among engineering and science students. For this study, belonging is separated into four separate constructs: belonging to class, belonging to major, belonging to the university as an institution, and belonging to the university as a community. The focus of this work is on self-reported belonging for STEM undergraduates by classification (year in school), and the following hypothesis was tested: belonging will increase monotonically with student classification. From spring 2010 through spring 2011, a combined total of more than 900 students completed surveys at a large Research institution located in the Northwest, a Historically Black College/University (HBCU) in the Southeast, a women's college in the Northeast, a small private faith-based institution in the Northwest, and a large teaching institution in the Midwest. The four types of belonging, or scales, were included in the survey assessing individual characteristics and academic experiences. Belonging scores across all institutions ranged from 14.08 to 18.12 out of 20.00 for four item scales and 9.49 to 12.68 out of 15.00 for the three item scale (belonging to the university as a community). The results of the analysis indicate that, although statistically significant differences in belonging were observed based on student classification at individual institutions, the differences did not support a monotonic increase by classification hypothesized at all schools for all types of belonging. The authors attempt to explain these observations based on cohort effects, institutional contexts and other factors. © 2012 American Society for engineering Education.

关键词： Students

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Configurable clutter models for radar simulation

Configurable clutter models for radar simulation

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International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference

作者： Joseph A. Jezak Guy Gadola Charles Berdanier Steven P. Levitan Donald M. Chiarulli Computer Engineering Graduate Program University of Pittsburgh Department of Electrical Engineering Wright State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh Department of Computer Science University of Pittsburgh

In this paper we describe an extension to the MATLAB Phased Array Toolkit that adds a configurable clutter object to model clutter signals returned along a specified signal path. The clutter model is based on the Simkins Unified Clutter Model[1]. The current implementation supports sea clutter in any of five sea states with configurable polarization, grazing angle, and beam width. We describe the implementation and give examples of modeled clutter returns.

关键词： Clutter Object oriented modeling Mathematical model Reflectivity Radar Computational modeling Arrays

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Effect of Growth Pressure and Gas-Phase Chemistry on the Optical Quality of InGaN/GaN Multi-Quantum Wells

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MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) 2013年第1期1538卷 341-351页

作者： E.A. Armour D. Byrnes R.A. Arif S.M. Lee E.A. Berkman G.D. Papasouliotis C. Li E.B. Stokes R. Hefti P. Moyer Veeco Instruments Turbodisc Operations 394 Elizabeth Avenue Somerset NJ 08873 U.S.A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd Charlotte NC 28223 U.S.A. Center for Optoelectronics and Optical Communications University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd Charlotte NC 28223 U.S.A. Nanoscale Science Program University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd Charlotte NC 28223 U.S.A. Department of Physics & Optical Science University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd Charlotte NC 28223 U.S.A.

Blue light-emitting diodes (LED's), utilizing InGaN-based multi-quantum well (MQW) active regions deposited by organometallic chemical vapor epitaxy (OMVPE), are one of the fundamental building-blocks for current solid-state lighting applications. Studies [1,2] have previously been conducted to explore the optical and physical properties of the active MQW's over a variety of different OMVPE growth conditions. However, the conclusions of these papers have often been contradictory, possibly due to a limited data set or lack of understanding of the fundamental fluid dynamics and gas-phase chemistry that occurs during the deposition ***-quantum well structures grown over a range of pressures from typical low-pressure production processes at 200 Torr, up to near-atmospheric growth conditions at 700 Torr, have been investigated in this study. At all growth pressures, clear trends of gas-phase chemical reactions are observed for increased gas residence times (lower gas speeds from the injector flange and lower rotation rates) and increased V/III ratios (higher NH3 flows).Confocal microscopy, excitation-dependent PL (PLE), and time-resolved photo-luminescence (TRPL) have been employed on these MQW structures to investigate the carrier lifetime characteristics. Confocal emission images show spatially-separated bright and dark regions. The bright regions are red-shifted in wavelength relative to the dark regions, suggesting microscopic spatial localization of high indium content regions. As the growth pressure and gas residence times are reduced, a larger difference in band-gap between bright and dark regions, longer lifetimes, and higher average PL intensities can be obtained, indicating that higher optical quality material can be realized. Optimized MQW's grown at high pressure exhibit higher PLE slope intensities and IQE characteristics than lower pressure samples. Results on simple LED structures indicate that the improvement in MQW optical quality at high press

关键词： epitaxy metalorganic deposition optical properties

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Broadband optical interferometric tomography with computational adaptive optics using 'guide stars'

Broadband optical interferometric tomography with computatio...

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Frontiers in Optics, FIO 2012

作者： Adie, Steven G. Shemonski, Nathan Graf, Benedikt W. Ahmad, Adeel Carney, P. Scott Boppart, Stephen A. Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign United States Departments of Bioengineering and Internal Medicine University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781557529565

We present a method to utilize 'guide stars' within a sample, as in hardware-based adaptive optics, in order to correct aberrations using computational adaptive optics. Interferometric synthetic aperture microscopy (ISAM), a computed imaging technique to overcome the depth-of-field limitations in optical coherence tomography/microscopy (OCT/OCM), is utilized to correct defocus and reveal local high-scattering regions that can serve as potential guide stars. The correction of pupil aberrations using Zernike polynomials can be applied pre- or post-ISAM in order to improve resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of these guide stars. Aberrations of the effective pupil function can then be determined through subsequent windowing and Fourier transforming of a guide star signal. Computational adaptive optics based on guide stars is demonstrated in a phantom consisting of sub-resolution scatterers, with work underway to extend this method to biological tissues. © OSA 2012.

关键词： Adaptive optics

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