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International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference

作者： Jeffrey M. Brinkhus Joseph A. Jezak Charles Berdanier Steven P. Levitan Donald M. Chiarulli Electical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh Computer Engineering Graduate Program University of Pittsburgh Electrical Engineering Wright State University Computer Science Department University of Pittsburgh

In this paper we describe a novel clutter cancellation platform based on a two stage approach that combines a feedback guided predictive front-end hybrid clutter canceller with high performance back-end filtering and target detection. The front-end architecture is based on an FPGA implementation of a Kalman filter that predicts target locations in real time and removes the target signals from the incoming data prior to hybrid cancellation. The back-end is user configurable and exploits high performance GPU and multi-core parallel hardware to simultaneously compute multiple clutter suppression and target detection algorithms coupled to an intelligent selection strategy for selecting the most accurate result. These target locations are fed back to the FPGA Kalman filter periodically to update the target predictions.

关键词： Clutter Kalman filters Mathematical model Field programmable gate arrays Radar Clocks Algorithm design and analysis

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A structural health monitoring method based on magneto-optic imaging technology

A structural health monitoring method based on magneto-optic...

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IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference

作者： Yu Hua Cheng Yi Ming Deng Li Bing Bai Gui Yun Tian School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan China Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Bioengineering College of Engineering and Applied Science University of Colorado Denver UK School of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering Newcastle University UK

A magneto-optic imaging system is presented in this paper to detect invisible and buried subsurface flaws in metallic structural, which can be used to monitor structural health. The resulting power of the MO imaging system is mainly given by the parameters of the MO thin films, the magnetic excitation device and image processing algorithms. In this paper, the choice of the MO thin films, the design of the magnetic excitation device and the development of the image processing approaches are introduced in detail. Experimental tests have been done and the method presented is evaluated by the experimental results.

关键词： Films Educational institutions Image processing Magnetooptic devices Coils Magnetic resonance imaging

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MODIFIED AKAIKE INFORMATION CRITERION FOR ESTIMATING THE NUMBER OF COMPONENTS IN A PROBABILITY MIXTURE MODEL

MODIFIED AKAIKE INFORMATION CRITERION FOR ESTIMATING THE NUM...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Ahmed Elnakib Georgy Gimel'farb Tamer Inanc Ayman El-Baz Bioengineering Department University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Department of Computer Science University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

To estimate the number of unimodal components in a mixture model of a marginal probability distribution of signals while learning the model with a conventional Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm, a modification of the well-known Akaike information criterion (AIC) called the modified AIC (mAIC), is proposed. Embedding the mAIC into the EM algorithm allows us to exclude sequentially, one-by-one, the least informative components from their initially excessive, or over-fitting set. Experiments on modeling empirical marginal signal distributions with mixtures of continuous or discrete Gaussians in order to describe the visual appearance of synthetic phantoms and real medical 3D images (lung CT and brain MRI) demonstrate a marked and monotone increase of the mAIC towards its maximum at the proper number that is known for the synthetic phantom or practically justified for the real image. These results confirm the accuracy and robustness of the proposed automated mAIC-EM based learning.

关键词： Phantoms Abstracts

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Comparison of RSH with shape signatures and MACT technique for shape analysis of HIV-1 protein

Comparison of RSH with shape signatures and MACT technique f...

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2012 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Computational Biology, CIBCB 2012

作者： Reddy, Alla S. Desai, Himali Kumar, Sunil Garg, Rajni Electrical and Computer Engineering Department San Diego State University San Diego CA 92182 United States Lajolla Bioengineering Institute San Diego CA 92121 United States Computational Science Research Center San Diego State University San Diego CA 92182 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467311892

A comparative analysis of three important shape analysis techniques viz. real spherical harmonic (RSH) coefficient, shape signatures based on ray-tracing, and multi-resolution attributed contour tree (MACT) is performed to understand their strengths and weaknesses in terms of their shape description power and computational ability. The analysis is performed on anti-HIV ligands extracted from NCI database and the binding pockets of the HIV-1 protease proteins extracted from PDB. The results demonstrate that the RSH technique is more sensitive to capture the detailed shape changes of the ligand molecules and protein binding pockets over the other two techniques. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Proteins

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Lymphatic capillary invasion assay by a single cell migration chip

Lymphatic capillary invasion assay by a single cell migratio...

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16th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences, MicroTAS 2012

作者： Chen, Yu-Chih Allen, Steven G. Wu, Zhi-Fen Merajver, Sofia D. Yoon, Euisik Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Internal Medicine Cellular and Molecular Biology Program United States Dept. of Epidemiology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780979806452

We demonstrated a single cell migration chip which can emulate cancer cell invasion in lymphatic capillaries through a migration channel with resistance choke points. Using a hydrodynamic capturing scheme based on the difference in flow resistance, the device allows for positioning single cells at the start of a migration channel. Different sizes of the resistance choke points in the migration channels are investigated to characterize the deformation capability of cells. To verify the migration platform, we used p38γ gene knockdown MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer) cells, which are known to show lower lymphatic metastasis in-vivo in a separate study. The reduction of the invasive ability in lymphatic capillaries was confirmed by the fabricated migration chip.

关键词： Diseases

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Selective gas sensing with a single graphene-on-silicon transistor

Selective gas sensing with a single graphene-on-silicon tran...

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2012 17th IEEE Silicon Nanoelectronics Workshop, SNW 2012

作者： Balandin, A.A. Rumyantsev, S. Liu, G. Shur, M.S. Potyrailo, R.A. Department of Electrical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program Bourns College of Engineering University of California - Riverside Riverside CA 92521 United States Center for Integrated Electronics Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY 12180 United States Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg Russia Chemistry and Chemical Engineering GE Global Research Niskayuna NY 12309 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467309943

The low-frequency 1/f noise in graphene transistors has been studied extensively owing to the proposed graphene applications in analog devices and communication systems [1-5]. The studies were motivated by the fact that the low-frequency noise can be up-converted by device nonlinearity and contribute to the phase noise of the system. Similarly, the sensor sensitivity is often limited by the electronic low-frequency noise. Therefore, noise is usually considered as one of the main limiting factors for the device or overall system operation. However, the electronic noise spectrum itself can be used as a sensing parameter increasing the sensor sensitivity and selectivity. Here, we show that vapors of different chemicals produce distinguishably different effects on the low-frequency noise spectra of the graphene-on-Si transistor. Our study showed that some gases change the electrical resistance of pristine graphene devices without changing their low-frequency noise spectra while other gases modify the noise spectra by inducing Lorentzian components with distinctive features. The characteristic corner frequency fC of the Lorentzian noise bulges in graphene devices is different for different chemicals and varies from fC=10 - 20 Hz for tetrahydrofuran to f C=1300 - 1600 Hz for chloroform. We tested the selected set of chemicals vapors on different graphene device samples and alternated different vapors for the same samples. The obtained results indicate that 1/f noise in combination with other sensing parameters can allow one to achieve the selective gas sensing with a single pristine graphene transistor. Our method of gas sensing with graphene does not require graphene surface functionalization or fabrication of an array of the devices with each tuned to a certain chemical. The observation of the Lorentzian components in the vapor-exposed graphene can also help in developing an accurate theoretical description of the noise mechanism in graphene. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Graphene

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Light Trapping: Light Trapping in Ultrathin Monocrystalline Silicon Solar Cells (Adv. Energy Mater. 11/2013)

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Advanced Energy Materials 2013年第11期3卷

作者： Ki Jun Yu Li Gao Jae Suk Park Yu Ri Lee Christopher J. Corcoran Ralph G. Nuzzo Debashis Chanda John A. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Material Science and Engineering Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Chemistry Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA NanoScience Technology Center College of Optics and Photonics (CREOL) University of Central Florida Orlando FL 32816 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Electrical and Computer Engineering Chemistry Bioengineering and Mechanical Science and Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana Illinois 61801 USA

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Accelerated DSP functions on the CBE for the X-Midas Toolkit

Accelerated DSP functions on the CBE for the X-Midas Toolkit

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International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference

作者： Joseph A. Jezak Charles Berdanier Steven P. Levitan Donald M. Chiarulli Computer Engineering Graduate Program University of Pittsburgh USAF AFRL/RYMDA Wright Patterson Air Force Base Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh Department of Computer Science University of Pittsburgh

We characterize the impact of the Cell Broadband Engine architecture, on commonly used radar DSP algorithms. We use the capabilities of the CBE to accelerate several key computational kernels including Matrix Multiplication, Matrix Inversion, and the Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter. These algorithms are implemented and benchmarked as library routines within the X-Midas Toolkit. We observe speedups as large as 1200x for complex matrix multiplication, but speedups of 40x to 60x are more typical. We find that system I/O overhead within the X-Midas toolkit severely limited the performance of the applications.

关键词： Finite impulse response filters Acceleration Benchmark testing computer architecture Pipelines Optimization Digital signal processing

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On the modeling of uplink inter-cell interference based on proportional fair scheduling

On the modeling of uplink inter-cell interference based on p...

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IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshops (WCNCW)

作者： Hina Tabassum Ferkan Yilmaz Zaher Dawy Mohamed Slim Alouini Electrical Engineering Program King Abdullah University for Science and Technology Thuwal Makkah Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon

We derive a semi-analytical expression for the uplink inter-cell interference (ICI) assuming proportional fair scheduling (with a maximum normalized signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) criterion) deployed in the cellular network. The derived expression can be customized for different models of channel statistics that can capture path loss, shadowing, and fading. Firstly, we derive an expression for the distribution of the locations of the allocated user in a given cell. Then, we derive the distribution and moment generating function of the uplink ICI from one interfering cell. Finally, we determine the moment generating function of the cumulative uplink ICI from all interfering cells. The derived expression is utilized to evaluate important network performance metrics such as outage probability and fairness among users. The accuracy of the derived expressions is verified by comparing the obtained results to Monte Carlo simulations.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio Interference Shadow mapping Measurement Scheduling Rayleigh channels

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On the ergodic secret message capacity of the wiretap channel with finite-rate feedback

On the ergodic secret message capacity of the wiretap channe...

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： Zouheir Rezki Ashish Khisti Mohamed-Slim Alouini Electrical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Makkah Saudi Arabia Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Toronto Toronto ONT Canada Electrical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Makkah Saudi Arabia

We study the secret message capacity of an ergodic block fading wiretap channel with partial channel state information at the transmitter and perfect channel state information at the receivers. We consider that in addition to the statistics of the main and the eavesdropper channel state information (CSI), the sender is provided by the legitimate receiver with a q-bit feedback, at the beginning of each coherence block, through an error-free feedback channel, with capacity q bits. We establish upper and lower bounds on the secrecy capacity. We show that a positive secrecy rate is achievable even when the feedback is at the end of each coherence block and q = 1. We also show that the lower and the upper bounds coincide asymptotically as q → ∞. Finally, asymptotic analysis at high Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) are presented where it is found that the capacity is bounded at high-SNR and present a simple suboptimal scalar quantizer that is capacity achieving, without the need of any numerical optimization, as q → ∞. When applied to Rayleigh fading channels, we show that, at high-SNR, a 4-bit feedback achieves 90% of the secrecy capacity when perfect main CSI is available at the transmitter.

关键词： Coherence Upper bound Fading Automatic repeat request Signal to noise ratio Transmitters Receivers

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