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Digital library 2.0 for educational resources

Lecture Notes in computer science

作者： Akbar, Monika Fan, Weiguo Shaffer, Clifford A. Chen, Yinlin Cassel, Lillian Delcambre, Lois Garcia, Daniel D. Hislop, Gregory W. Shipman, Frank Furuta, Richard Carpenter II, B. Stephen Hsieh, Haowei Siegfried, Bob Fox, Edward A. Department of Computer Science Virginia Tech. Blacksburg VA United States Department of Computing Sciences Villanova University Villanova PA United States Department of Computer Science Portland State University Portland OR United States Electrical Engineering and Computer Science UC Berkeley Berkeley CA United States Department of Computer Science Drexel University Philadelphia PA United States Department of Computer Science Texas A and M College Station TX United States Art Education Program Pennsylvania State University State College PA United States School of Library and Information Science Univ. of Iowa Iowa City IA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783642244681

We report on focus group feedback regarding the services provided by existing education-related Digital Libraries (DL). Participants provided insight into how they seek educational resources online, and what they perceive to be the shortcomings of existing educational DLs. Along with useful content, social interactions were viewed as important supplements for educational DLs. Such interactions lead to both an online community and new forms of content such as reviews and ratings. Based on our analysis of the focus group feedback, we propose DL 2.0, the next generation of digital library, which integrates social knowledge with DL content. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Digital libraries

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Design of interval type-2 fuzzy logic controllers for flocking algorithm

Design of interval type-2 fuzzy logic controllers for flocki...

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IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)

作者： Seung-Mok Lee Jong-Hwan Kim Hyun Myung Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Robotics Program KAIST Daejeon South Korea Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Robotics Program KAIST Daejeon South Korea

This paper presents a novel interval type-2 fuzzy logic control architecture for flocking system when the system has noisy sensor measurements. The traditional type-1 fuzzy logic controller (FLC) using precise type-1 fuzzy sets cannot fully model and handle the uncertainties of sensor data. However, type-2 FLC using type-2 fuzzy sets with a footprint of uncertainty (FOU) produces better performances under noisy environments. In this paper, therefore, we present a reactive control architecture for flocking algorithm that is based on interval type 2 FLC to implement the flocking behaviors consisting separation, obstacle avoidance, and velocity matching behaviors. The type-2 based control system could cope with the uncertainties of noisy sensor measurements and resulted in good performances that outperformed the type-1 FLC.

关键词： Collision avoidance Robot sensing systems Trajectory Fuzzy sets Fuzzy logic Noise measurement

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A transfer method for complex structures fabricated on non-planar surfaces

A transfer method for complex structures fabricated on non-p...

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International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference

作者： Zeng, X. Huang, C.-C. Jiang, H. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin Madison Madison WI United States Eye Research Institute University of Wisconsin - Madison Madison WI United States Materials Science Program University of Wisconsin - Madison Madison WI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781457701573

A method to fabricate complex structures on non-planar surfaces by utilizing a transfer method is presented. 3-dimensional and high-aspect-ratio microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) structures are transferred to flexible membranes, and can be further transferred to any non-planar surfaces. Here, we used a structure formed on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer by deep reactive-ion etching (DRIE) as an example. Both photoresist SU8-2050 and AZ 4620 were used as the flexible membranes. The effect of the structure and density of pillars on the transferring procedure was studied. Potentially this method could be utilized to transfer any MEMS structures and devices to any non-planar surfaces, thus possessing great potential in MEMS devices. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Photoresists

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Capacitance Humidity Sensor

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2011年第1期382卷 469-475页

作者： Andrew R. K. Ralston Paul E. Thoma Carl F. Klein Denice D. Denton Materials Science Program Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison USA Central Research Johnson Controls Inc. Milwaukee USA

A capacitance relative humidity (RH) sensor is described that has a design, construction, and material composition that result in an inexpensive and robust sensor. This sensor has a multilayer, free-standing film construction. It consists of a humidity sensitive polyimide (PI) dielectric core and conductive layers consisting of carbon filled polysulfone on each side of the polyirnide film to form a capacitor. The polyimide used is a BPDA-ODA type, and replaces a PMDA-ODA type polyimide used in a previous version of this sensor. The BPDA-ODA sensor has a nominal capacitance of 200 pF and a nominal sensitivity of 13% at 100% RH. The characteristics of this humidity sensor are discussed and compared to the characteristics of the PMDA-ODA type sensor. Characteristics considered include the PI film moisture uptake and water vapor transmission, and the sensors’ sensitivity to relative humidity, frequency response, and aging at 85°C/85% RH. The dual-state sorption model and free volume calculations are used to demonstrate that observed differences in the film are due to differences in chemical composition between the films.

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Microfluidic actuators based on infrared-light responsive PNIPAAm hydrogel nanocomposite incorporating graphene-oxide

Microfluidic actuators based on infrared-light responsive PN...

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International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference

作者： Lo, Chi-Wei Zhu, Difeng Jiang, Hongrui Materials Science Program University of Wisconsin-Madison WI 53706 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison WI 53706 United States Eye Research Institute University of Wisconsin Madison Madison WI 53706 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781457701573

In lab-on-a-chip systems, microactuators are critical to control the flow within the microchannels. Most of the current actuators require hardware connection (electromagnetic, thermopneumatic actuators, etc.) within the channels, thus significantly increasing the system complexity. Remotely controllable actuators would greatly simplify the system. We demonstrate nanocomposite microfluidic actuators remotely controlled by infrared (IR) light. These actuators are fabricated out of thermo-responsive poly-N- isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAm) nanocomposite hydrogels incorporated with glycidyl methacylate functionalized graphene-oxide (GO-GMA). Two example devices were realized implementing such actuators: a microvalve and a tunable liquid microlens. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Hydrogels

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On the ergodic secrecy capacity of the wiretap channel under imperfect main channel estimation

On the ergodic secrecy capacity of the wiretap channel under...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & computers

作者： Zouheir Rezki Ashish Khisti Mohamed-Slim Alouini Electrical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University for Science and Technology Thuwal Makkah Saudi Arabia Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Toronto Toronto ONT Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781467303217

The ergodic secrecy capacity of the wiretap channel is known when the main channel (between the transmitter and the legitimate receiver) state information (CSI) is perfect at the transmitter and the coherence period is sufficiently large to enable random coding arguments in each block. In a fast fading scenario, when the codeword length spans many coherence periods, the secrecy capacity is still not known. In this paper, we present a framework that characterizes this secrecy capacity under imperfect main channel estimation at the transmitter. Inner and outer bounds on the ergodic secrecy capacity are derived for a class of independent identically distributed (i.i.d.) fading channels. The achievable rate is a simple on-off scheme using a Gaussian input. The upper bound is obtained using an appropriate correlation scheme of the main and the eavesdropper channels. The upper and the lower bounds coincide with recently derived ones in the perfect main CSI extreme. Furthermore, the lower bound matches the upper bound in no main CSI extreme, where the secrecy capacity is equal to zero. Numerical results are provided for independent identically distributed (i.i.d.) Rayleigh fading channels.

关键词： Integrated circuits Channel estimation Signal to noise ratio Cryptography Antennas

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Spiking neural network decoder for brain-machine interfaces

Spiking neural network decoder for brain-machine interfaces

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International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural engineering, CNE

作者： Julie Dethier Vikash Gilja Paul Nuyujukian Shauki A. Elassaad Krishna V. Shenoy Kwabena Boahen Department of Bioengineering University of Stanford Stanford CA USA Department of Computer Science and Stanford Institute of Neuro-Innovation and Translational Neuroscience University of Stanford Stanford CA USA Department of Bioengineering and MSTP University of Stanford Stanford CA USA Departments of Electrical Engineering and Bioengineering Neurosciences Program University of Stanford Stanford CA USA

We used a spiking neural network (SNN) to decode neural data recorded from a 96-electrode array in premotor/motor cortex while a rhesus monkey performed a point-to-point reaching arm movement task. We mapped a Kalman-filter neural prosthetic decode algorithm developed to predict the arm's velocity on to the SNN using the Neural engineering Framework and simulated it using Nengo, a freely available software package. A 20,000-neuron network matched the standard decoder's prediction to within 0.03% (normalized by maximum arm velocity). A 1,600-neuron version of this network was within 0.27%, and run in real-time on a 3GHz PC. These results demonstrate that a SNN can implement a statistical signal processing algorithm widely used as the decoder in high-performance neural prostheses (Kalman filter), and achieve similar results with just a few thousand neurons. Hardware SNN implementations - neuromorphic chips - may offer power savings, essential for realizing fully-implantable cortically controlled prostheses.

关键词： Neurons Kalman filters Decoding Prosthetics Neuroscience Real time systems Neuromorphics

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Dean flow fractionation (DFF) isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood

Dean flow fractionation (DFF) isolation of circulating tumor...

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15th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences 2011, MicroTAS 2011

作者： Bhagat, Ali Asgar S. Hou, Han Wei Li, Leon D. Lim, Chwee Teck Han, Jongyoon Centre Singapore Division of Bioengineering National University of Singapore Singapore Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Mechanobiology Institute Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781618395955

Isolation and enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as cancer biomarkers have been challenging due to their extremely low abundance in blood. This paper reports an ultra high-throughput technique for CTCs isolation from blood using the inherent Dean vortex flows present in curvilinear channels, aptly termed Dean Flow Fractionation (DFF). Using a 2-inlet 2-outlet spiral microchannel, the separation principle exploits the difference in cell size between CTCs (~16-20 μm diameter) and other blood cells (RBCs ~8 μm;leukocytes ~8-14 μm). Experimental results confirm >99% RBCs and leukocytes removal from blood sample (20% hematocrit) spiked with MCF-7 cells with >90% tumor cell recovery after separation. The developed technique offers large sample processing capability due to its ability to process very high hematocrit samples (20%), a key requirement for isolating rare-cells. A single device can process 1 mL whole blood in a single step, under 15 min. Copyright © (2011) by the Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society.

关键词： Tumors

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Synthesis and Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of New Coumaromethacrylate-Methylmethacrylate Copolymers

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2011年第1期173卷 601-606页

作者： R. A. Henry J. M. Hoover A. Knoesen S. T. Kowel G. A. Lindsay M. A. Mortazavi Research Department Chemistry Division China Lake USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Organized Research Program on Polymeric Ultrathin Film Systems University of California Davis USA

The synthesis and second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of a new family of optically nonlinear coumarin dye-containing polymers is reported. Polymerizable coumaromethacrylate (CMA) monomers having various alkyl spacers (C2 to C5) between the polymerizable group and the chromophore were prepared and copolymerized with methylmethacrylate (MMA) and other vinyl monomers. The CMA copolymers had high chromophoric content (up to 18 × 1020) and glass transitions as high as 132°C. Spin cast films were prepared on BK7 substrates and oriented by corona-onset poling at elevated temperatures (COPET). The poled CMA copolymer films were characterized for spectroscopic absorption and second harmonic properties. A comparison of the nonlinear optical properties of poled CMA-MMA copolymers to poled guest-host systems is made. Relative to guest/host systems, CMA-MMA copolymer films exhibit larger and much more stable second-order nonlinear optical properties.

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Stabilization of hydroxyl-terminated silanes in porous silicon for in-situ DNA synthesis

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Physica Status Solidi (C) Current Topics in Solid State Physics 2011年第6期8卷 1851-1855页

作者： Lawrie, Jenifer L. Weiss, Sharon M. Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN United States

Passivation of porous silicon sensors is a critical issue for achieving high sensitivity and selectivity toward biomolecule targets that may be detected in complex physiologic solution. Without appropriate passivation, degradation of the porous silicon matrix inhibits the repeatability of optical measurements and limits applications in complex media. In this work, we present a method for stabilizing TEOS-HBA monolayers in porous silicon. Annealing of the silane at 200°C for 16 hours, followed by a deionized water wash for a minimum of one hour, results in a porous silicon surface that is highly stable in a number of solvents. Annealing improves cross-linking of surface-attached silane molecules for added stability, and hydrolyzing facilitates removal of weakly bound multilayers. This surface treatment procedure is of considerable interest in applications such as DNA synthesis where hydroxyl functionality is critical and a thick silane surface coating is not desired. © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

关键词： Passivation

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