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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Qian Xu Evan Wei Xiang Qiang Yang Bioengineering Program HKUST Hong Kong China Department of Computer Science and Engineering HKUST Hong Kong China

Protein-protein interactions (PPI) play an important role in cellular processes and metabolic processes within a cell. An important task is to determine the existence of interactions among proteins. Unfortunately, existing biological experimental techniques are expensive, time-consuming and labor-intensive. The network structures of many such networks are sparse, incomplete and noisy, containing many false positive and false negatives. Thus, state-of-the-art methods for link prediction in these networks often cannot give satisfactory prediction results, especially when some networks are extremely sparse. Noticing that we typically have more than one PPI network available, we naturally wonder whether it is possible to 'transfer' the linkage knowledge from some existing, relatively dense networks to a sparse network, to improve the prediction performance. Noticing that a network structure can be modeled using a matrix model, in this paper, we introduce the well-known Collective Matrix Factorization (CMF) technique to 'transfer' usable linkage knowledge from relatively dense interaction network to a sparse target network. Our approach is to establish the correspondence between a source and a target network via network similarities. We test this method on two real protein-protein interaction networks, Helicobacter pylori (as a target network) and Human (as a source network). Our experimental results show that our method can achieve higher and more robust performance as compared to some baseline methods.

关键词： Proteins Sparse matrices Bioinformatics Knowledge engineering Humans Genomics Support vector machines

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An automated bottle filling and capping project for freshman engineering students

An automated bottle filling and capping project for freshman...

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2010 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Meah, Kala Garrison, Timothy Kearns, James Link, Gregory Garrison, Laura Blanding, Wayne Celik, Emine Kuchnicki, Stephen Dawson, Jennifer McFarland, Barry Department of Physical Science York College of Pennsylvania United States Mechanical Engineering Program York College of Pennsylvania United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering York College of Pennsylvania United States Department of Thermal Sciences Freshmen Design Courses and Computer Programming York College of Pennsylvania United States Department of Electrical Engineering York College of Pennsylvania United States York College of Pennsylvania United States Department of Mechanical Engineering York College of Pennsylvania United States

All freshman engineering students at York College participate in a spring semester design challenge as part of a year-long, two-course introduction to engineering. This paper describes the course organization, the project goals, and project itself and how it supports the broader engineering curriculum goals of engaging freshman engineering students in a design project, exposing them in an interesting way to the breath of engineering, and motivating them in their engineering studies. The students work in small teams and have roughly 12 weeks to design an automated electromechanical system that first transports three empty Snapple bottles, three tennis balls, and 36 oz. of water to a 2/x3/ operational zone. The machine must fill each bottle with 12 oz. of water, cap each bottle by covering the top with a tennis ball, and then deliver the capped and filled bottles to an area outside of the operational zone. The bottle-filling project serves as the second of two interdisciplinary engineering design experiences during the freshman year. It introduces aspects of computer, electrical, and mechanical engineering, including the following five primary knowledge areas: (i) machining and fabrication;(ii) electronic circuit prototyping and programming;(iii) sensor and actuator applications;(iv) mechanical design;(v) project planning;and (vi) presentation skills. A project demonstration at the end of the semester determines the relative effectiveness of each machine based upon a number of quantitative factors, including the total time required to complete the overall process, the volume of water in each bottle, the number of bottles successfully capped, the amount of water spilled, and approximate manufacturing cost. Some qualitative factors considered are simplicity, creativity, and aesthetics. Student interest in this substantial hands-on experience, as measured by surveys and exhibited by attendance, enthusiasm, productivity, and success, appears to be high through the three y

关键词： Bottles

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Deformability based cell margination for malarial infected red blood cell enrichment

Deformability based cell margination for malarial infected r...

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14th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences 2010, MicroTAS 2010

作者： Hou, Han Wei Asgar, Ali Bhagat, S. Mao, Pan Han, Jongyoon Lim, Chwee Teck Centre Singapore Singapore Division of Bioengineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States Mechanobiology Institute National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781618390622

In this work, the physiological phenomenon of leukocyte margination is mimicked in microfluidic systems for biological separation of malarial infected RBCs (iRBCs) from blood. Change in cell stiffness is a characteristic of iRBCs which can act as an intrinsic biomarker for separation. Tests were conducted using early ring stage and late trophozoite/schizont stage iRBCs which vary significantly in their deformability. Filtration efficiency was quantified by analyzing the dispersion of iRBCs across the microchannel width at the outlet. Flow cytometry analysis was conducted on the outlet samples indicating filtration efficiency of ∼80% for early stage iRBCs and >90% for late stage iRBCs. This is the first demonstration applying this unique biomimetic separation technique to iRBCs filtration for disease diagnostic application.

关键词： Cytology

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High-throughput circulating tumor cells (CTCs) isolation using inertial forces

High-throughput circulating tumor cells (CTCs) isolation usi...

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14th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences 2010, MicroTAS 2010

作者： Bhagat, Ali Asgar S. Hou, Han Wei Huang, Sha Lim, Chwee Teck Han, Jongyoon Centre Singapore Singapore Division of Bioengineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States Mechanobiology Institute National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781618390622

Continuous flow-based cell separations are indispensable for many biomedical applications and diagnostics including early detection of cancer. Here, we describe a high-throughput cell separation technique for sorting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood using microfluidics. The separation consists of a 2-step process to efficiently isolate CTCs from blood. In the first step, 99% of hematologic cells (erythrocytes (RBCs) and leukocytes) are removed using shear-modulated inertial focusing with >90% CTC recovery. This RBCs depleted sample is then run through a low aspect ratio spiral microchannel to completely isolate the CTCs. The operating principle of this separation method exploits the difference in cell size between CTCs (∼16-20 μm diameter) and other blood cells (RBCs ∼8 μm;leukocytes ∼8-14 μm).

关键词： Diagnosis

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Semidefinite relaxation of quadratic optimization problems

Semidefinite relaxation of quadratic optimization problems

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作者： Luo, Zhi-Quan Ma, Wing-Kin So, Anthony Ye, Yinyu Zhang, Shuzhong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota United States Department of Electronic Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Management Science and Engineering MSE Industrial Affiliates Program Stanford University United States

In recent years, the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique has been at the center of some of very exciting developments in the area of signal processing and communications, and it has shown great significance and relevance on a variety of applications. Roughly speaking, SDR is a powerful, computationally efficient approximation technique for a host of very difficult optimization problems. In particular, it can be applied to many nonconvex quadratically constrained quadratic programs (QCQPs) in an almost mechanical fashion, including the following problem: © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Signal processing

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The effect of gender on support and self-efficacy in undergraduate engineering programs

The effect of gender on support and self-efficacy in undergr...

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2010 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Reisberg, Rachelle Bailey, Margaret Burger, Carol Hamann, Jerry Raelin, Joe Whitman, David Women in Engineering Program Northeastern University United States WE RIT Kate Gleason College of Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology United States Department of Computer Science University of Wyoming United States Program for Women and Girls HRD Division NSF United States College of Business Administration Department of Practice-Oriented Education Northeastern University United States Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Wyoming United States

This study is part of a larger research project, supported by a National science Foundation Research on Gender in science and engineering program grant, designed to determine the effect of self-efficacy and other factors on the retention of women in undergraduate engineering programs. These data represent the first wave of the study completed in the 2008-2009 academic year of sophomores in the colleges of engineering from four participating universities: Northeastern University, Rochester Institute of Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, and the University of Wyoming. The study examines the effect of gender on a range of contextual supports to explain three dimensions of self-efficacy: work, career, and academic within undergraduate engineering. Contextual support is defined as the institutional support provided to students through a number of mechanisms, such as financial aid, mentorship, and participation in living/learning communities. The analyses revealed some significant differences by gender. With the exception of academic self-efficacy, which is significantly higher among males, every other significant difference favors the female population. As freshmen, women are not as confident as men in their likelihood of achieving success in their engineering major. However, they were found to have higher career self-efficacy, in contrast to what has been reported in the literature, and benefit far more from mentorship. They also exceed the scores of their male counterparts in five support dimensions: they report receiving more support from professional clubs and associations;they are more involved in campus life;they take more advantage of living/learning communities;and they report that they not only receive more support from their friends but that their friends really matter to them. © American Society for engineering Education, 2010.

关键词： Professional aspects

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π -phase cylindrical vector beams in optical tweezers

π -phase cylindrical vector beams in optical tweezers

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Frontiers in Optics, FiO 2010

作者： Roxworthy, Brian J. Toussaint, Kimani C. Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States

The use of π -phase cylindrical vector beams in optical trapping is investigated. We find that tuning the relative phase between the eigenmodes comprising the beams can optimize the axial trapping forces. © 2010... 详细信息

关键词： Azimuthally polarized beams Cylindrical vector beams Light beams Optical trapping Optical tweezers Vector beams Lasers and laser optics (140.0140) Laser trapping (140.7010) Physical optics (260.0260) Polarization (260.5430)

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Wireless non-contact cardiac and neural monitoring 10

Wireless non-contact cardiac and neural monitoring

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Wireless Health 2010

作者： Chi, Yu M. Ng, Patrick Kang, Eric Kang, Joseph Fang, Jennifer Cauwenberghs, Gert Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive San Diego CA 92093 United States Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive San Diego CA 92093 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive San Diego CA 92093 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605589893

Ubiquitous physiological monitoring will be a key driving force in the upcoming wireless health revolution. Cardiac and brain signals in the form of ECG and EEG are two critical health indicators that directly benefit from long-term monitoring. Despite advancements in wireless technology and electronics miniaturization, however, the use of wireless home ECG/EEG monitoring is still limited by the inconvenience and discomfort of wet adhesive electrodes. We have developed a wireless biopotential instrumentation system using non-contact capacitive electrodes that operate without skin contact. The sensors can be embedded within comfortable layers of fabric for unobtrusive use. All of the issues relating to the design of low noise, high performance capacitive sensors are discussed along with full technical details, circuit schematics and construction techniques. The non-contact electrode has been integrated into both a wearable ECG chest harness as well a EEG headband. We have also designed a compact, battery-powered, wireless data acquisition system to interface with multiple electrodes and monitor patient cardiac and neural signals in real time. Experimental data shows that the non-contact capacitive electrode perform comparable to Ag/AgCl electrodes using our special chest harness and head bands to ensure tight, movement-free electrode positioning. © 2010 ACM.

关键词： Electrocardiograms

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Balance (bioengineering approaches for lifestyle activity and nutrition continuous engagement): Developing new technology for monitoring energy balance in real time

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Journal of Diabetes science and Technology 2010年第2期4卷 429-434页

作者： Hughes, Deonna C. Andrew, Adrienne Denning, Tamara Hurvitz, Philip Lester, Jonathan Beresford, Shirley Borriello, Gaetano Bruemmer, Barbara Moudon, Anne Vernez Duncan, Glen E. Nutritional Sciences Program Department of Epidemiology University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 Box 353410 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA United States College of Built Environments University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Electrical Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA United States

Methods that measure energy balance accurately in real time represent promising avenues to address the obesity epidemic. We developed an electronic food diary on a mobile phone that includes an energy balance visualization and computes and displays the difference between energy intake from food entries and energy expenditure from a multiple-sensor device that provides objective estimates of energy expenditure in real time. A geographic information system dataset containing locations associated with activity and eating episodes is integrated with an ArcPad mapping application on the phone to provide users with a visual display of food sources and locations associated with physical activity within their proximal environment. This innovative tool captures peoples' movement through space and time under free-living conditions and could potentially have many health-related applications in the future. © Diabetes Technology Society.

关键词： Activity Energy balance Food diary Real-time assessment Self-monitoring

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Cell cycle synchronization of stem cells using inertial microfluidics

Cell cycle synchronization of stem cells using inertial micr...

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14th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences 2010, MicroTAS 2010

作者： Lee, Wong Cheng Bhagat, Ali Asgar S. Huang, Sha Van Vliet, Krystyn J. Han, Jongyoon Lim, Chwee Teck Centre Singapore Singapore NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States Department of Bioengineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Mechanobiology Institute National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781618390622

Cell cycle synchronization is of paramount importance for studying cellular properties and biological processes involved in various stages of the cell cycle. Here, we present a microfluidics based approach to synchronize the cell cycle of a primary - cells, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), using inertial forces in spiral microchan-nels. The device operating principle exploits the relationship between the volume (and thus diameter) of a cell and its phase in the cell cycle, in order to fractionate hMSCs populations into synchronized subpopulations enriched in cell cycle fractions of G0/G1, S and G2/M phases.

关键词： Stem cells

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