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29th International Meshing Roundtable, IMR 2021

作者： Mohammadi, Fariba Shontz, Suzanne M. Department of Mechanical Engineering Information and Telecommunication Technology Center The University of Kansas 1520 W. 15th Street LawrenceKS66045 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Bioengineering Program Information and Telecommunication Technology Center University of Kansas 1520 W. 15th Street LawrenceKS66045 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781733489010

Computational modeling and simulation of real-world problems, e.g., various applications in the automotive, aerospace, and biomedical industries, often involve geometric objects which are bounded by curved surfaces. The geometric modeling of such objects can be performed via high-order meshes. Such a mesh, when paired with a high-order partial differential equation (PDE) solver, can realize more accurate solution results with a decreased number of mesh elements (in comparison to a low-order mesh). There are several types of high-order mesh generation approaches, such as direct methods, a posteriori methods, and isogeometric analysis (IGA)-based spline modeling approaches. In this paper, we propose a direct, high-order, curvilinear tetrahedral mesh generation method using an advancing front technique. After generating the mesh, we apply mesh optimization to improve the quality and to take advantage of the degrees of freedom available in the initially straight-sided quadratic elements. Our method aims to generate high-quality tetrahedral mesh elements from various types of boundary representations including the cases where no computer-aided design files are available. Such a method is essential, for example, for generating meshes for various biomedical models where the boundary representation is obtained from medical images instead of CAD files. We present several numerical examples of second-order tetrahedral meshes generated using our method based on input triangular surface meshes. © 2021 held by the authors of the individual papers.

关键词： Mesh generation

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Comparison of Algebraic Reconstruction Technique Methods and Generative Adversarial Network in Image Reconstruction of Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT)

Comparison of Algebraic Reconstruction Technique Methods and...

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2021 International Conference on Biomedical engineering, ICoBE 2021

作者： Lubis, A.J. Nasir, N.F. Mohd Zakaria, Z. Jusoh, M. Azizan, M.M. Zakaria, M.Z. Kazim, M.N.F.M. Rahman, S. Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Universitas Harapan Medan Medan Indonesia Computer Engineering Program Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Malaysia Biomedical Electronic Engineering Program Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Malaysia Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Malaysia Department of Electrical and Electronic Department Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia Negeri Sembilan Malaysia Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Malaysia Mechatronic Engineering Program Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Malaysia

Magnetic induction tomography (MIT) is a technique used for imaging electromagnetic properties of objects using eddy current effects. The non-linear characteristics had led to more difficulties with its solution especially in dealing with low conductivity imaging materials such as biological tissues. Two methods that could be applied for MIT image processing which is the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and the Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (ART). ART is widely used in the industry due to its ability to improve the quality of the reconstructed image at a high scanning speed. GAN is an intelligent method which would be able to carry out the training process. In the GAN method, the MIT principle is used to find the optimum global conductivity distribution and it is described as a training process and later, reconstructed by a generator. The output is an approximate reconstruction of the distribution's internal conductivity image. Then, the results were compared with the previous traditional algorithm, namely the regularization algorithm of BPNN and Tikhonov Regularization method. It turned out that GAN had able to adjust the non-linear relationship between input and output. GAN was also able to solve non-linear problems that cannot be solved in the previous traditional algorithms, namely Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and Tikhonov Regularization method. There are several other intelligent algorithms such as CNN (Convolution Neural Network) and K-NN (K-Nearest Neighbor), but such algorithms have not been able to produce the expected image quality. Thus, further study is still needed for the improvement of the image quality. The expected result in this study is the comparison of these two techniques, namely ART and GAN to get the best results on the image reconstruction using MIT. Thus, it is shown that GAN is a better candidate for this purpose. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Temperature Dependent Anomalous Threshold Voltage Modulation of a-IGZO TFT by Incorporating Variant Gate Stresses

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ECS Journal of Solid State science and Technology 2024年第6期13卷 065008-065008页

作者： Aslam, Muhammad Chang, Shu-Wei Chen, Yi-Ho Lee, Yao-Jen Li, Yiming Lee, Wen-Hsi Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701401 Taiwan Graduate Degree Program of College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation Industry Academic Innovation School National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan

Amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) has recently made significant advancement as a key material for electronic component design owing to its compatibility with complementary metal oxide semiconductor technologies. A comprehensive analysis of reliability-related issues is required to determine the true potential of a-IGZO-based devices for next-generation electronics applications. To address this objective, we electrically characterize scaled-channel a-IGZO thin film transistors (TFTs) under positive bias (temperature) stress (PB(T)S). Both PBS and PBTS are characterized by positive and negative V_th shift, respectively, during the various gate stresses. In particular, the negative V_th shift is explained by the generation of donor-like traps stimulated by ionization of oxygen vacancy/hydrogen at elevated temperature. The TFTs exhibit relatively decent stability during the PBS operation. The analysis of devices with variant channel dimensions implies that long-channel devices exhibit relatively higher stability and performance compared to the short-channel ones. We also observe that the V_th can be controllably adjusted by employing the top gate (TG) with bottom gate sweep. Moreover, the stress-induced partial recovery mechanism is experimentally observed owing to detrapping of charges. Generally, the reported results infer a perceptive understanding of scaled-channel a-IGZO-TFTs which helps with shaping performance-enhancement strategies. © 2024 The Author(s). Published on behalf of The Electrochemical Society by IOP Publishing Limited

关键词： amorphous IGZO-TFT electrical instabilities hydrogen-impact scaling impact on reliability

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An insertable glucose sensor using a compact and cost-effective phosphorescence lifetime imager and machine learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Goncharov, Artem Gorocs, Zoltan Pradhan, Ridhi Ko, Brian Ajmal, Ajmal Rodriguez, Andres Baum, David Veszpremi, Marcell Yang, Xilin Pindrys, Maxime Zheng, Tianle Wang, Oliver Ramella-Roman, Jessica C. McShane, Michael J. Ozcan, Aydogan Electrical & Computer Engineering Department Bioengineering Department University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Florida International University FL33199 United States Department of Physics University of Connecticut StorrsCT06269 United States Department of Computer Science University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Department of Surgery University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States

Optical continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems are emerging for personalized glucose management owing to their lower cost and prolonged durability compared to conventional electrochemical CGMs. Here, we report a computational CGM system, which integrates a biocompatible phosphorescence-based insertable biosensor and a custom-designed phosphorescence lifetime imager (PLI). This compact and cost-effective PLI is designed to capture phosphorescence lifetime images of an insertable sensor through the skin, where the lifetime of the emitted phosphorescence signal is modulated by the local concentration of glucose. Because this phosphorescence signal has a very long lifetime compared to tissue autofluorescence or excitation leakage processes, it completely bypasses these noise sources by measuring the sensor emission over several tens of microseconds after the excitation light is turned off. The lifetime images acquired through the skin are processed by neural network-based models for misalignment-tolerant inference of glucose levels, accurately revealing normal, low (hypoglycemia) and high (hyperglycemia) concentration ranges. Using a 1-mm thick skin phantom mimicking the optical properties of human skin, we performed in vitro testing of the PLI using glucose-spiked samples, yielding 88.8% inference accuracy, also showing resilience to random and unknown misalignments within a lateral distance of ~4.7 mm with respect to the position of the insertable sensor underneath the skin phantom. Furthermore, the PLI accurately identified larger lateral misalignments beyond 5 mm, prompting user intervention for re-alignment. The misalignment-resilient glucose concentration inference capability of this compact and cost-effective phosphorescence lifetime imager makes it an appealing wearable diagnostics tool for real-time tracking of glucose and other biomarkers. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Glucose

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Giant Deep-Ultraviolet Circular Dichroism in Synthetic Architectures of Ordered Carbon Nanotubes

Giant Deep-Ultraviolet Circular Dichroism in Synthetic Archi...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Doumani, Jacques Lou, Minhan Dewey, Oliver Hong, Nina Fan, Jichao Baydin, Andrey Pasquali, Matteo Yomogida, Yohei Yanagi, Kazuhiro Saito, Riichiro Kono, Junichiro Gao, Weilu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT United States Carbon Hub Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University HoustonTX United States J.A. Woollam Co. LincolnNE United States The Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Chemistry Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan Department Physics Tohoku University Sendai Japan Department Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX United States

We demonstrate tunable, giant, and structure-induced deep-ultraviolet circular dichroism in macroscopically chiral assemblies of racemic carbon nanotubes prepared using two approaches: mechanical-rotation-assisted vac... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Dichroism

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Top-Down Fabrication of Diamond Nanostructures

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Biswas, Abhijit Li, Chenxi Pieshkov, Tymofii Mei, Zhaobo Xu, Mingfei Li, Tao Murukeshan, Jishnu Vajtai, Robert Zhao, Yuji Ajayan, Pulickel M. Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Diamond nanostructures can have exciting applications in electronics and thermal management, but their controlled fabrication can be challenging. Here, we present a top-down approach for the fabrication of diamond nanorod (DNR) clusters, via use of metal masks (Al, Ag, Au, and Cr) and reactive-ion etching (RIE). Prolonged RIE on Ag and Cr masks yields distinct etching profiles, and DNR clusters are selectively formed from Ag masks, with individual nanorods having dimensions of ~100 nm diameter and ~1.5 µm length. Detailed electron microscopy shows thin layer of amorphous carbon (a-C) around single crystalline DNR cores. Chemical analyses also show presence of oxygen on the surface of the DNRs. Fabrication of the DNR clusters with scalable top-down approach could lead to new nanodiamond-based applications. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanorods

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Preferences for Using Canva Apps as a Presentation Media Creation Tool Among Gen Z Students: SEM Analysis with TAM and UTAUT2 Approaches

Preferences for Using Canva Apps as a Presentation Media Cre...

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International Seminar on Intelligent Technology and Its Applications (ISITIA)

作者： Fairuz Iqbal Maulana Dian Lestari Agung Purnomo Rahman Arifuddin Vandha Pradwiyasma Widartha Puput Dani Prasetyo Adi Computer Science Department School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Faculty of Medicine Airlangga Surabaya 60132 Indonesia Surabaya Indonesia Entrepreneurship Department BINUS Business School Undergraduate Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering University of Merdeka Malang Malang Indonesia Information System of Industrial Engineering Faculty Telkom University Bandung Indonesia Research Center for Telecommunication National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9798350378573

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378580

The purpose of this study is to find out what makes Generation Z students accept and use Canva as a tool for making presentation materials. The conceptual framework of this study is the combination of "Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)" and the "Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2)". "Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)" used for data analyzation. This research aims to understand the dynamics of Canva acceptance among students. The findings show that enjoyment, fun, and pleasure in using Canva, combined with its creative tools and design-centric approach, significantly resonate with Gen Z's preference for aesthetics. This research highlights that Canva is favored by students for creating engaging presentations.

关键词： Seminars Analytical models Technology acceptance model Accuracy Numerical analysis Media Mathematical models

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Semi-Quantitative Group Testing for Efficient and Accurate qPCR Screening of Pathogens with a Wide Range of Loads

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Nambiar, Ananthan Pan, Chao Rana, Vishal Cheraghchi, Mahdi Ribeiro, João Maslov, Sergei Milenkovic, Olgica Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Center for Artificial Intelligence and Modeling Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States NOVA LINCS and NOVA School of Science and Technology Caparica Portugal

Pathogenic infections pose a significant threat to global health, affecting millions of people every year and presenting substantial challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. Efficient and timely testing plays a critical role in disease control and transmission prevention. Group testing is a well-established method for reducing the number of tests needed to screen large populations when the disease prevalence is low. However, it does not fully utilize the quantitative information provided by qPCR methods, nor is it able to accommodate a wide range of pathogen loads. To address these issues, we introduce a novel adaptive semi-quantitative group testing (SQGT) scheme to efficiently screen populations via two-stage qPCR testing. The SQGT method quantizes cycle threshold (Ct) values into multiple bins, leveraging the information from the first stage of screening to improve the detection sensitivity. Dynamic Ct threshold adjustments mitigate dilution effects and enhance test accuracy. Comparisons with traditional binary outcome GT methods show that SQGT reduces the number of tests by 24% while maintaining a negligible false negative rate. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Disease control

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Non-Hermitian selective thermal emitter for thermophotovoltaics

Non-Hermitian selective thermal emitter for thermophotovolta...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Ciril S. Prasad Samuel C. Raphaelson Gururaj V. Naik Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX USA Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston TX USA

Selective thermal emitters can boost the efficiency of heat-to-electricity conversion in thermophotovoltaic systems only if their spectral selectivity is high. We demonstrate a non-Hermitian metasurface-based selectiv... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Emissivity Light intensity Optical constants Silicon Temperature Thermal emission

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Porous silicon on paper sensors: Factors affecting biosensing performance 17

Porous silicon on paper sensors: Factors affecting biosensin...

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Frontiers in Biological Detection: From Nanosensors to Systems XVII 2025

作者： An, Huijin Laibinis, Paul E. Locke, Andrea K. Weiss, Sharon M. Interdisciplinary Material Science Program Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Department of Chemistry Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510684249

A paper-based biosensor integrating a functionalized porous silicon (PSi) membrane as the active sensing element for quantifiable protein detection has been developed. For similar short-time exposures to an analyte, improved molecular transport in PSi membranes when on paper leads to larger signal changes compared to traditional PSi films that remain on a silicon substrate. In this work, we discuss controlling the incubation time of the analyte and the overall testing time of the sensor by incorporating different combinations of wicking and absorbent paper beneath the PSi membrane. With this control, the PSi-on-paper sensor platform has the potential to serve as an effective low-cost rapid diagnostic test with highly sensitive, quantitative readout for a wide range of analytes. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Porous silicon

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