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Passive Acoustic Metasurface with Unitary Reflection Based on Nonlocality

Physical Review Applied 2019年第5期11卷 054077-054077页

作者： Li Quan Andrea Alù Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York 10026 USA Department of Electrical Engineering City College of New York New York New York 10031 USA

Metasurfaces have introduced large flexibility in manipulating the impinging wavefront for light and sound by locally engineering the reflection and transmission coefficients based on generalized Snell’s laws. Local phenomena in each unit cell, however, are fundamentally limited in the level of efficiency with which anomalous wavefront transformations can be achieved. Here, we explore acoustic metasurfaces with suitably engineered nonlocality, obtained by coupling neighboring cells. We demonstrate that nonlocal passive metastructures can overcome the limitations of local designs, and mimic balanced gain and loss distributions, enabling unitary efficiency for extreme beam steering.

关键词： Acoustic metamaterials Acoustic wave phenomena Beam control Beam optics Light propagation, transmission & absorption

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Breakdown of the weak coupling limit in quantum annealing

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Bando, Yuki Yip, Ka-Wa Chen, Huo Lidar, Daniel A. Nishimori, Hidetoshi Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology Kanagawa Yokohama226-8503 Japan Center for Quantum Information Science & Technology University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States Department of Chemistry University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States International Research Frontiers Initiative Tokyo Institute of Technology Kanagawa Yokohama226-8503 Japan Graduate School of Information Sciences Tohoku University Miyagi Sendai980-8579 Japan Saitama Wako351-0198 Japan

Reverse annealing is a variant of quantum annealing, in which the system is prepared in a classical state, reverse-annealed to an inversion point, and then forward-annealed. We report on reverse annealing experiments using the D-Wave 2000Q device, with a focus on the p = 2 p-spin problem, which undergoes a second order quantum phase transition with a gap that closes polynomially in the number of spins. We concentrate on the total and partial success probabilities, the latter being the probabilities of finding each of two degenerate ground states of all spins up or all spins down, the former being their sum. The empirical partial success probabilities exhibit a strong asymmetry between the two degenerate ground states, depending on the initial state of the reverse anneal. To explain these results, we perform open-system simulations using master equations in the limits of weak and strong coupling to the bath. The former, known as the adiabatic master equation (AME), with decoherence in the instantaneous energy eigenbasis, predicts perfect symmetry between the two degenerate ground states, thus failing to agree with the experiment. In contrast, the latter, known as the polaron transformed Redfield equation (PTRE), is in close agreement with experiment. Thus our results present a challenge to the sufficiency of the weak system-bath coupling limit in describing the dynamics of current experimental quantum annealers, at least for reverse annealing on timescales of a μsec or longer. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Ground state

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engineering chirality at wafer scale with ordered carbon nanotube architectures

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Nature communications 2023年第1期14卷 7380页

作者： Jacques Doumani Minhan Lou Oliver Dewey Nina Hong Jichao Fan Andrey Baydin Keshav Zahn Yohei Yomogida Kazuhiro Yanagi Matteo Pasquali Riichiro Saito Junichiro Kono Weilu Gao Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA. Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA. Carbon Hub Rice University Houston TX USA. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA. J.A. Woollam Co. Inc. Lincoln NE USA. Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX USA. Department of Physics Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan. Department of Chemistry Rice University Houston TX USA. Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston TX USA. Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai Japan. Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan. Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston TX USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA. weilu.gao@utah.edu. Carbon Hub Rice University Houston TX USA. weilu.gao@utah.edu.

Creating artificial matter with controllable chirality in a simple and scalable manner brings new opportunities to diverse areas. Here we show two such methods based on controlled vacuum filtration - twist stacking and mechanical rotation - for fabricating wafer-scale chiral architectures of ordered carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with tunable and large circular dichroism (CD). By controlling the stacking angle and handedness in the twist-stacking approach, we maximize the CD response and achieve a high deep-ultraviolet ellipticity of 40 ± 1 mdeg nm. Our theoretical simulations using the transfer matrix method reproduce the experimentally observed CD spectra and further predict that an optimized film of twist-stacked CNTs can exhibit an ellipticity as high as 150 mdeg nm, corresponding to a g factor of 0.22. Furthermore, the mechanical rotation method not only accelerates the fabrication of twisted structures but also produces both chiralities simultaneously in a single sample, in a single run, and in a controllable manner. The created wafer-scale objects represent an alternative type of synthetic chiral matter consisting of ordered quantum wires whose macroscopic properties are governed by nanoscopic electronic signatures and can be used to explore chiral phenomena and develop chiral photonic and optoelectronic devices.

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Terahertz chiral photonic-crystal cavities for Dirac gap engineering in graphene

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Nature communications 2025年第1期16卷 5270页

作者： Fuyang Tay Stephen Sanders Andrey Baydin Zhigang Song Davis M Welakuh Alessandro Alabastri Vasil Rokaj Ceren B Dag Junichiro Kono Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA. fuyang.tay@columbia.edu. Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX USA. fuyang.tay@columbia.edu. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA. Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX USA. Rice Advanced Materials Institute Rice University Houston TX USA. John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge MA USA. Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Hamburg Germany. Department of Physics Harvard University Cambridge MA USA. ITAMP Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Cambridge MA USA. Department of Physics Villanova University Villanova PA USA. Department of Physics Indiana University Bloomington IN USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA. kono@rice.edu. Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX USA. kono@rice.edu. Rice Advanced Materials Institute Rice University Houston TX USA. kono@rice.edu. Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston TX USA. kono@rice.edu. Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston TX USA. kono@rice.edu.

Strong coupling between matter and vacuum electromagnetic fields in a cavity can induce novel quantum phases in thermal equilibrium via symmetry breaking. Particularly intriguing is the coupling with circularly polarized cavity fields, which can break time-reversal symmetry (TRS) and lead to topological bands. This has spurred significant interest in developing chiral cavities that feature broken TRS, especially in the terahertz (THz) frequency range, where various large-oscillator-strength resonances exist. Here, we present a design for high-quality-factor THz chiral photonic-crystal cavities (PCCs) that achieve broken TRS using a magnetoplasma in a lightly doped semiconductor. We incorporate ab initio density functional theory calculations into the derived microscopic model, allowing a realistic estimate of the vacuum-induced gap in graphene when coupled to our chiral cavity. Our calculations show an enhancement in the light-matter interaction due to Dirac nodes and predict an energy gap on the order of 1 meV. The THz chiral PCCs offer a promising platform for exploring cavity-dressed condensed matter with broken TRS.

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Cloud computing model in higher education

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IOP Conference Series: Materials science and engineering 2020年第1期852卷

作者： Bagus Mulyawan Raymond Kosala Benny Ranti Suhono Harso Supangkat Binus Graduate Program Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Faculty of Information Technology Universitas Tarumanagara Jakarta 11440 Computer Science Department Faculty of Computer Science Universitas Indonesia Indonesia 16424 Schoolof Electrical Engineering and Informatics Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia

Currently, higher education is institutions that should be managed as a global business institution. Higher education should improve continually its business processes according to the demands of increasing its stakeholders. of the problems faced in the development of educational, activities if related to the use of information technology for each service in higher education for stakeholders is the issue of available funds. Cloud computing also has advantages related to infrastructure and maintenance and increases operating efficiency. Most institutions are currently moving towards cloud computing technology to reduce operational costs. For achieving these objectives, the institutions need to be supported by reliable technology. This study aim to propose cloud model for education and IT Governance conceptual framework for Cloud Computing model adoption, Tarumanagara University as a study case.

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Revised JNLPBA corpus: A revised version of biomedical NER corpus for relation extraction task

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Huang, Ming-Siang Lai, Po-Ting Tsai, Richard Tzong-Han Hsu, Wen-Lian Bioinformatics Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Informatics National Yang Ming University Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Tsing-Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Intelligent Agent Systems Laboratory Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Intelligent Information Service Research Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Central University Taoyuan Taiwan

The advancement of biomedical named entity recognition (BNER) and biomedical relation extraction (BRE) researches promotes the development of text mining in biological domains. As a cornerstone of BRE, robust BNER system is required to identify the mentioned NEs in plain texts for further relation extraction stage. However, the current BNER corpora, which play important roles in these tasks, paid less attention to achieve the criteria for BRE task. In this study, we present Revised JNLPBA corpus, the revision of JNLPBA corpus, to broaden the applicability of a NER corpus from BNER to BRE task. We preserve the original entity types including protein, DNA, RNA, cell line and cell type while all the abstracts in JNLPBA corpus are manually curated by domain experts again basis on the new annotation guideline focusing on the specific NEs instead of general terms. Simultaneously, several imperfection issues in JNLPBA are pointed out and made up in the new corpus. To compare the adaptability of different NER systems in Revised JNLPBA and JNLPBA corpora, the F1-measure was measured in three open sources NER systems including BANNER, Gimli and NERSuite. In the same circumstance, all the systems perform average 10% better in Revised JNLPBA than in JNLPBA. Moreover, the cross-validation test is carried out which we train the NER systems on JNLPBA/Revised JNLPBA corpora and access the performance in both protein-protein interaction extraction (PPIE) and biomedical event extraction (BEE) corpora to confirm that the newly refined Revised JNLPBA is a competent NER corpus in biomedical relation application. The revised JNLPBA corpus is freely available at ***/BNER/Content/Revised_***. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Proteins

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Influence of Magnetic Fields on Electrochemical Reactions of Redox Cofactor Solutions

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Angewandte Chemie 2021年第33期133卷

作者： Jimin Park Florian Koehler Georgios Varnavides Marc-Joseph Antonini Prof. Dr. Polina Anikeeva Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA Research Laboratory of Electronics and McGovern Institute for Brain Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA Harvard/MIT Health Science & Technology Graduate Program Cambridge MA 02139 USA Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA

Redox cofactors mediate many enzymatic processes and are increasingly employed in biomedical and energy applications. Exploring the influence of external magnetic fields on redox cofactor chemistry can enhance our understanding of magnetic-field-sensitive biological processes and allow the application of magnetic fields to modulate redox reactions involving cofactors. Through a combination of experiments and modeling, we investigate the influence of magnetic fields on electrochemical reactions in redox cofactor solutions. By employing flavin mononucleotide (FMN) cofactor as a model system, we characterize magnetically induced changes in Faradaic currents. We find that radical pair intermediates have negligible influence on current increases in FMN solution upon application of a magnetic field. The dominant mechanism underlying the observed current increases is the magneto-hydrodynamic effect. We extend our analyses to other diffusion-limited electrochemical reactions of redox cofactor solutions and arrive at similar conclusions, highlighting the opportunity to use this framework in redox cofactor chemistry.

关键词： electrochemistry magnetic field effects magneto-hydrodynamic effect radicals redox cofactors

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Effect of Zeeman coupling on the Majorana vortex modes in iron-based topological superconductors

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Physical Review B 2020年第2期101卷 020504(R)-020504(R)页

作者： Areg Ghazaryan P. L. S. Lopes Pavan Hosur Matthew J. Gilbert Pouyan Ghaemi IST Austria (Institute of Science and Technology Austria) Am Campus 1 3400 Klosterneuburg Austria Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada V6T 1Z4 Department of Physics University of Houston Houston Texas 77204 USA Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA Physics Department City College of the City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York 10031 USA

In the superconducting regime of FeTe(1−x)Sex, there exist two types of vortices which are distinguished by the presence or absence of zero-energy states in their core. To understand their origin, we examine the interplay of Zeeman coupling and superconducting pairings in three-dimensional metals with band inversion. Weak Zeeman fields are found to suppress intraorbital spin-singlet pairing, known to localize the states at the ends of the vortices on the surface. On the other hand, an orbital-triplet pairing is shown to be stable against Zeeman interactions, but leads to delocalized zero-energy Majorana modes which extend through the vortex. In contrast, the finite-energy vortex modes remain localized at the vortex ends even when the pairing is of orbital-triplet form. Phenomenologically, this manifests as an observed disappearance of zero-bias peaks within the cores of topological vortices upon an increase of the applied magnetic field. The presence of magnetic impurities in FeTe(1−x)Sex, which are attracted to the vortices, would lead to such Zeeman-induced delocalization of Majorana modes in a fraction of vortices that capture a large enough number of magnetic impurities. Our results provide an explanation for the dichotomy between topological and nontopological vortices recently observed in FeTe(1−x)Sex.

关键词： Majorana bound states Topological superconductors Iron-based superconductors

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Microchip-Based Structure Determination of Small Proteins Using Cryo-EM

SSRN

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SSRN 2020年

作者： Casasanta, Michael A. Jonaid, G.M. Kaylor, Liam Luqiu, William Y. Solares, Maria J. Schroen, Mariah L. Dearnaley, William J. Wilson, Jarad Dukes, Madeline J. Kelly, Deborah F. Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Materials Research Institute Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate Program Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Molecular Cellular and Integrative Biosciences Graduate Program Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States RayBiotech Life Peachtree CornersGA30092 United States Applications Science Protochips Inc MorrisvilleNC27560 United States

Interest in cryo-Electron Microscopy (EM) imaging has skyrocketed in recent years due to its pristine views of macromolecules and materials. As advances in instrumentation and computing algorithms spurred this progress, there is renewed focus to address specimen-related challenges. Here we contribute a microchip-based toolkit to perform complementary structural and biochemical analysis on low molecular-weight proteins. As a model system, we used the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein (48 kDa) due to its stability and important role in therapeutic development. Cryo-EM structures of the N protein monomer revealed a flexible N-terminal “top hat” motif and a helical-rich C-terminal domain. To complement our structural findings, we engineered microchip-based immunoprecipitation assays that led to the discovery of the first antibody binding site on the N protein. The data also facilitated molecular modeling of a variety of pandemic and common cold-related coronavirus proteins. Such insights may guide future pandemic-preparedness protocols through immuno-engineering strategies to mitigate viral outbreaks. © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Proteins

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Ultrastrong coupling of two terahertz magnon modes in yFeO3 in pulsed high magnetic fields

Ultrastrong coupling of two terahertz magnon modes in yFeO3 ...

引用

Terahertz science and Applications, TSA_2019

作者： Noe, G.T. Makihara, T. Li, X. Hayashida, K. Marquez Peraca, N. Tian, K. Yuan, N. Zhang, J. Jin, Z. Ren, W. Ma, G. Cao, S. Katayama, I. Takeda, J. Turchinovich, D. Nojiri, H. Bamba, M. Kono, J. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Physics International Center of Quantum and Molecular Structures Materials Genome Institute Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China Department of Physics Graduate School of Engineering Yokohama National University Yokohama Japan Fakultät für Physik Universität Duisburg-Essen Lotharstr. 1 Duisburg47057 Germany Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai Japan Department of Materials Engineering Science Osaka University Osaka560-8531 Japan PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency Saitama332-0012 Japan Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX United States

Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy measurements performed in pulsed, high magnetic fields reveal ultrastrong coupling between quasi-antiferromagnetic and quasi-ferromagnetic magnon modes in the canted antiferromagnet,... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580729

关键词： Magnetic fields

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