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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Manoj, Krishna Grunberg, Theodore W. Vecchio, Domitilla Del Mit Department of Mechanical Engineering MA02139 United States Mit Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MA02139 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

The discovery of CRISPR-mediated gene activation (CRISPRa) has transformed the way in which we perform genetic screening, bioproduction and therapeutics through its ability to scale and multiplex. However, the emergence of loads on the key molecular resources constituting CRISPRa by the orthogonal short RNA that guide such resources to gene targets, couple theoretically independent CRISPRa modules. This coupling negates the ability of CRISPRa systems to concurrently regulate multiple genes independent of one another. In this paper, we propose to reduce this coupling by mitigating the loads on the molecular resources that constitute CRISPRa. In particular, we design a multi-variable controller that makes the concentration of these molecular resources robust to variations in the level of the short RNA loads. This work serves as a foundation to design and implement CRISPRa controllers for practical applications. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Molecular docking

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Numerical Predictions of Laminar Forced Convection Heat Transfer with and without Buoyancy Effects from an Isothermal Horizontal Flat Plate to Supercritical Nitrogen

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Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer 2024年第3期22卷 889-917页

作者： K.S.Rajendra Prasad Sathya Sai T.R.Seetharam Adithya Garimella Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology BengaluruManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal576104India Sustainable Energy Technology Faculty of Electrical EngineeringMathematics and Computer ScienceDelft University of TechnologyDelft2600 AANetherlands Department of Mechanical Engineering PES UniversityBengaluru560085India

Numerical predictions are made for Laminar Forced convection heat transfer with and without buoyancy effects for Supercritical Nitrogen flowing over an isothermal horizontal flat plate with a heated surface facing *** are performed by varying the value ofΔT from5 to 30 K and P_(∞)/P_(cr)ratio from1.1 to *** of all the thermophysical properties of supercritical Nitrogen is *** wall temperatures are chosen in such a way that two values of Tw are less than T∗(T*is the temperature at which the fluid has a maximum value of Cp for the given pressure),one value equal to T∗and two values greater than T∗.Three different values of U∞are used to obtain Re∞range of 3.6×10_(4)to 4.74×10^(5)for forced convection without buoyancy effects and Gr_(∞)/Re^(2)_(∞)range of 0.011 to 3.107 for the case where buoyancy effects are *** different forms of correlations are proposed based on numerical predictions and are compared with actual numerical *** has been found that in all six forms of correlations,the maximum deviations are found to occur in those cases where the pseudocritical temperature TT∗lies between the wall temperature and bulk fluid temperature.

关键词： Supercritical nitrogen laminar flow numerical methods forced convection heat transfer isothermal horizontal surface

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Simulation Study on The Indirect Effects of Nearby Lightning Strikes on Aircraft 10

Simulation Study on The Indirect Effects of Nearby Lightning...

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10th IEEE International Symposium on Microwave, Antenna, Propagation and EMC Technologies for Wireless Communications, MAPE 2024

作者： Zhang, Yanxi Wang, Zhiliang Wang, Xiaohan Jiao, Yunhua Han, Yubing Gao, Cheng Yu, Chenghang Wang, Jianan Sui, Honglei Guo, Lin Beijing Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Limited Beijing China Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533922

To study the protective capabilities of aircraft against the indirect effects of nearby lightning strikes. Following standards and test methods such as GJB 8848-2016 and GJB 1389B-2022, a simulation environment was constructed in the CST Microwave Studio using the standard method and the lightning channel model method. Based on the transmission line matrix method, the impact of nearby lightning on aircraft was analyzed, focusing mainly on surface currents, electric and magnetic field distributions on the aircraft body, as well as the internal electromagnetic field and the magnitude of the coupling current in cables. The simulation results show that the outcomes of both methods are largely consistent, and both can effectively simulate the indirect effects of nearby lightning on aircraft. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Aircraft accidents

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TOWARDS PHYSICALLY TALENTED AERIAL ROBOTS WITH INTELLIGENT SWARM BEHAVIOR THEREOF: AN EFFICIENT CO-DESIGN APPROACH

TOWARDS PHYSICALLY TALENTED AERIAL ROBOTS WITH INTELLIGENT S...

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ASME 2024 International Design engineering Technical Conferences and computers and Information in engineering Conference, IDETC-CIE 2024

作者： KrisshnaKumar, Prajit Paul, Steve Manjunatha, Hemanth Corra, Mary Esfahani, Ehsan Chowdhury, Souma Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University at Buffalo BuffaloNY United States Department of Computer Science Engineering University at Buffalo BuffaloNY United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888360

The collective performance or capacity of collaborative autonomous systems such as a swarm of robots is jointly influenced by the morphology and the behavior of individual systems in that collective. In that context, this paper explores how morphology impacts the learned tactical behavior of unmanned aerial/ground robots performing reconnaissance and search & rescue. This is achieved by presenting a computationally efficient framework to solve this otherwise challenging problem of jointly optimizing the morphology and tactical behavior of swarm robots. Key novel developments to this end include the use of physical talent metrics and modification of graph reinforcement learning architectures to allow joint learning of the swarm tactical policy and the talent metrics (search speed, flight range, and cruising speed) that constrain mobility and object/victim search capabilities of the aerial robots executing these tactics. Implementation of this co-design approach is supported by advancements to an open-source Pybullet-based swarm simulator that allows the use of variable aerial asset capabilities. The results of the co-design are observed to outperform those of tactics learning with a fixed Pareto design, when compared in terms of mission performance metrics. Significant differences in morphology and learned behavior are also observed by comparing the baseline design and the co-design outcomes. Copyright © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Oxidation Layer Formation on Aluminum Substrates with Surface Defects using Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Oxidation Layer Formation on Aluminum Substrates with Surfac...

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2023 IEEE Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility and Signal/Power Integrity, EMC+SIPI 2023

作者： Olugbade, Emmanuel Pham, Hiep He, Yuchu Zhou, Haicheng Hwang, Chulsoon Park, Jonghyun Missouri University of Science and Technology Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Rolla United States Google Llc United States Missouri University of Science and Technology Electrical and Computer Engineering Rolla United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350309768

Aluminum oxide layer affects the integrity of electrical contact and can contribute adversely to passive intermodulation (PIM) behavior in radio frequency (RF) devices, necessitating a need for understanding its formation mechanism and realistic estimation of its thickness. Using ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulation technique, this study investigated the impact of surface defects on aluminum oxide layer formation. Results reveal that crystallographic orientation did not affect the kinetics of oxidation process of aluminum. However, the reaction kinetics increased significantly with surface inhomogeneities such as cracks, scratches, and grain boundaries. A non-uniform oxide layer with thickness variation in the range of 72-77% was observed due to surface imperfections. Concurrent crack healing and oxidation was observed, where the crack tips acted as sites for oxygen diffusion, thus increasing oxidation kinetics. The observations from this simulation agree with experimental reports and have important implications for optimizing the contact integrity in RF devices and for PIM control. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Molecular dynamics

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Deep Learning Approach for Ear Recognition and Longitudinal Evaluation in Children 23

Deep Learning Approach for Ear Recognition and Longitudinal ...

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23rd International Conference of the Biometrics Special Interest Group, BIOSIG 2024

作者： Hossain, Afzal Sultan, Tipu Chowdhury, Mohammad Zahir Uddin Schuckers, Stephanie Clarkson University Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering PotsdamNY United States Clarkson University Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering PotsdamNY United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373714

Ear recognition as a biometric modality is becoming increasingly popular, with promising broader application areas. While current applications involve adults, one of the challenges in ear recognition for children is the rapid structural changes in the ear as they age. This work introduces a foundational longitudinal dataset collected from children aged 4 to 14 years over a 2.5-year period and evaluates ear recognition performance in this demographic. We present a deep learning based approach for ear recognition, using an ensemble of VGG16 and MobileNet, focusing on both adult and child datasets, with an emphasis on longitudinal evaluation for children. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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A Survey on Digital Twins: Enabling Technologies, Use Cases, Application, Open Issues, and More

IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Sensors

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IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Sensors 2025年 2卷 84-107页

作者： Hassija, Vikas Chamola, Vinay De, Rajdipta Das, Soham Chakrabarti, Arjab Sangwan, Kuldip Singh Pandey, Amit Deemed to be University School of Computer Engineering Bhubaneswar751024 India BITS-Pilani Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Pilani Campus Pilani333031 India BITS Pilani Department of Mechanical Engineering Pilani Campus Pilani333031 India Bennett University Computer Science Engineering and Technology Department Greater Noida201310 India

Digital Twins, sophisticated digital replicas of physical entities, have been gaining significant attention, especially after NASA's endorsement, and are poised to revolutionize numerous fields, such as medicine and construction. These advanced models offer dynamic, real-time simulations, leveraging enabling technologies, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, IoT, cloud computing, and Big Data analytics to enhance their functionality and applicability. In the medical field, Digital Twins facilitate personalized treatment plans and predictive maintenance of medical equipment by simulating human organs with precision. In construction, they enable efficient building design and urban planning, optimizing resource use, and reducing costs through predictive maintenance. Startups are innovatively employing Digital Twins in various sectors, from smart cities - where they optimize traffic flow, energy consumption, and waste management - to industrial machinery, ensuring predictive maintenance and minimizing downtime. This survey delves into the diverse use cases, market potential, and challenges of Digital Twins, such as data security and interoperability, while emphasizing their transformative impact on industries. The future prospects are promising, with continuous advancements in AI, ML, IoT, and cloud computing driving further expansion and application of Digital Twin technologies. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Predictive maintenance

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Reset-Free Reinforcement Learning via Multi-State Recovery and Failure Prevention for Autonomous Robots

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2024年第5期29卷 1481-1494页

作者： Xu Zhou Benlian Xu Zhengqiang Jiang Jun Li Brett Nener School of Mechanical Engineering Changshu Institute of TechnologyChangshu 215500China School of Automation Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of SydneySydney 2006Australia Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer EngineeringThe University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009Australia

Reinforcement learning holds promise in enabling robotic tasks as it can learn optimal policies via trial and ***,the practical deployment of reinforcement learning usually requires human intervention to provide episodic resets when a failure *** manual resets are generally unavailable in autonomous robots,we propose a reset-free reinforcement learning algorithm based on multi-state recovery and failure prevention to avoid failure-induced *** multi-state recovery provides robots with the capability of recovering from failures by self-correcting its behavior in the problematic state and,more importantly,deciding which previous state is the best to return to for efficient *** failure prevention reduces potential failures by predicting and excluding possible unsafe actions in specific *** simulations and real-world experiments are used to validate our algorithm with the results showing a significant reduction in the number of resets and failures during the learning.

关键词： reinforcement learning manual reset multi-state recovery failure prediction

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Segmentation Approach for Enhanced DLP Bioprinting 12

Segmentation Approach for Enhanced DLP Bioprinting

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Laser 3D Manufacturing XII 2025

作者： Babayigit, Ceren Tavares-Negrete, Jorge Alfonso Esfandyarpour, Rahim Boyraz, Ozdal Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The University of California IrvineCA92697 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510684560

Achieving high-resolution outputs in Digital Light Processing (DLP) bioprinting requires precise control over photocrosslinking, particularly for dense, intricate models with fine gaps. Over-crosslinking is affected by factors such as light scattering, limited depth of focus, and molecular diffusion. Traditionally, these issues are managed by altering the material and light source. This study presents a novel segmentation approach designed to address these challenges by leveraging the inherent diffusion characteristics of the DLP system rather than altering its core components. The generation and diffusion of free radicals increase with light intensity and the density of the illuminated area, which alters the risk of over-crosslinking in these regions. The proposed technique involves segmenting the photomask into discrete regions and employing an on-off activation strategy to enhance control over photopolymerization. By strategically segmenting the mask and alternating the activation of adjacent segments, the technique effectively manages the distribution and concentration of free radicals and allows time for the termination phase of photopolymerization. It creates spatial gaps, helps manage free radical diffusion, prevents unwanted combinations, and filling of small gaps, thus improving resolution. Demonstrated by printing a bronchial model, this approach achieved a 100 µm gap between bronchial branches at a 14.43x compression ratio to anatomical size. The live-dead assay shows sustained cell viability of up to 90% for GelMA and up to 85% for GelMA-PEGDA constructs across seven days. This study shows that the segmentation strategy significantly reduces over-crosslinking, advancing DLP bioprinting for applications requiring precise control over complex features and detailed features. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Photopolymerization

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Efficient conversion of acoustic vortex using extremely anisotropic metasurface

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第4期19卷 257-264页

作者： Zhanlei Hao Haojie Chen Yuhang Yin Cheng-Wei Qiu Shan Zhu Huanyang Chen Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics and Department of Physics College of Physical Science and TechnologyXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3117583Singapore Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Vortex wave and plane wave,as two most fundamental forms of wave propagation,are widely applied in various research ***,there is currently a lack of basic mechanism to enable arbitrary conversion between *** this paper,we propose a new paradigm of extremely anisotropic acoustic metasurface(AM)to achieve the efficient conversion from 2D vortex waves with arbitrary orbital angular momentum(OAM)to plane *** underlying physics of this conversion process is ensured by the symmetry shift of AM medium parameters and the directional compensation of ***,this novel phenomenon is further verified by analytical calculations,numerical demonstrations,and acoustic experiments,and the deflection angle and direction of the converted plane waves are qualitatively and quantitatively confirmed by a simple *** work provides new possibilities for arbitrary manipulation of acoustic vortex,and holds potential applications in acoustic communication and OAM-based devices.

关键词： efficient wave conversion vortex wave plane wave orbital angular momentum acoustic metasurface

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