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A New Approach to Determine Feasible Operating Region of Unbalanced Distribution Networks with Distributed Photovoltaics

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IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 2025年第3期40卷 1493-1504页

作者： Prasad, Manorath Rather, Zakir Hussain Razzaghi, Reza Doolla, Suryanarayana Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Department of Energy Science and Engineering Mumbai India Monash University Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Melbourne Australia

Amidst rising distributed generation and its potential role in grid management, this article presents a new realistic approach to determine the operational space and flexibility potential of an unbalanced active distribution network. The feasible operating region of an active distribution network is constituted by its range of active-reactive power exchanges with the bulk power system without breaching network constraints. This study explores the potential of highly penetrated single- and three-phase distributed photovoltaics and voltage-sensitive loads to determine the feasible operating region at different operating points. The cumulative response of Volt-Var controlled distributed photovoltaics and voltage-sensitive loads determines the power flow at the bulk power system-active distribution network interconnection, ensuring feasibility with respect to voltage magnitude and unbalance constraints. Further, the correspondence of feasible operating region with the tap-settings of substation transformer enables a novel feature to traverse throughout the available operating region and facilitate bulk power system-active distribution network power coordination. Additionally, a nodal sensitivity-based adjustable Volt-Var control scheme is proposed for distributed photovoltaics, improving the feasible operating region. The proposed strategy is validated on bulk power systemactive distribution network integrated test system. Bulk power system: IEEE-9 bus system-Active distribution network: (highly unbalanced IEEE-13 bus distribution system (medium voltage) + modified CIGRE low voltage system). © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Power distribution networks

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Multilevel chaotic encryption model with cyclic redundancy check for medical data

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第5期37卷 3581-3603页

作者： Sharma, Suvita Rani Singh, Birmohan Kaur, Manpreet Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Punjab Longowal148106 India Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Punjab Longowal148106 India

In telemedicine applications, it is crucial to ensure the authentication, confidentiality, and privacy of medical data due to its sensitive nature and the importance of the patient information it contains. Communication through open networks is insecure and has many vulnerabilities, making it susceptible to unauthorized access and misuse. Encryption models are used to secure medical data from unauthorized access. In this work, we propose a bit-level encryption model having three phases: preprocessing, confusion, and diffusion. This model is designed for different types of medical data including patient information, clinical data, medical signals, and images of different modalities. Also, the proposed model is effectively implemented for grayscale and color images with varying aspect ratios. Preprocessing has been applied based on the type of medical data. A random permutation has been used to scramble the data values to remove the correlation, and multilevel chaotic maps are fused with the cyclic redundancy check method. A circular shift is used in the diffusion phase to increase randomness and security, providing protection against potential attacks. The CRC method is further used at the receiver side for error detection. The performance efficiency of the proposed encryption model is proved in terms of histogram analysis, information entropy, correlation analysis, signal-to-noise ratio, peak signal-to-noise ratio, number of pixels changing rate, and unified average changing intensity. The proposed bit-level encryption model therefore achieves information entropy values ranging from 7.9669 to 8.000, which is close to the desired value of 8. Correlation coefficient values of the encrypted data approach to zero or are negative, indicating minimal correlation in encrypted data. Resistance against differential attacks is demonstrated by NPCR and UACI values exceeding 0.9960 and 0.3340, respectively. The key space of the proposed model is 1096, which is substantially mor

关键词： Telemedicine

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Boost DC-DC converter with regenerative snubber

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Energy Reports 2024年 12卷 798-819页

作者： Yau, Yeu-Torng Department of Ph.D. Program Prospective Technology of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan

To accommodate the wide range of input voltages supplied by redundant batteries and ensure an adequate hold-up time for communication systems during utility power failures, power supplies used in 5 G base stations typically include a front-end boost converter as the first stage and a second-stage isolated converter. In this paper, a new topology for a regenerative snubber in boost converters is proposed. Compared to traditional active or passive snubber topologies, the proposed snubber offers the advantages of having fewer components and occupying less space. Moreover, it does not require additional active devices and can be driven by widely-used commercial PWM control integrated circuits, achieving a higher level of cost-effectiveness and offering increased industrial applications. The final prototype of a power supply for a networking switch hub (as used in 5 G base stations) is fabricated to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Topology

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NEXUS: A 28nm 3.3pJ/SOP 16-Core Spiking Neural Network with a Diamond Topology for Real-Time Data Processing

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IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems 2024年第3期19卷 1-13页

作者： Sadeghi, Maryam Rezaeiyan, Yasser Khatiboun, Dario Fernandez Eissa, Sherif Corradi, Federico Augustine, Charles Moradi, Farshad Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands Circuit Research Lab Intel Hillsboro OR USA

The realization of brain-scale spiking neural networks (SNNs) is impeded by power constraints and low integration density. To address these challenges, multi-core SNNs are utilized to emulate numerous neurons with high energy efficiency, where spike packets are routed through a network-on-chip (NoC). However, the information can be lost in the NoC under high spike traffic conditions, leading to performance degradation. This work presents NEXUS, a 16-core SNN with a diamond-shaped NoC topology fabricated in 28-nm CMOS technology. It integrates 4096 leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neurons with 1M 4-bit synaptic weights, occupying an area of 2.16 mm2. The proposed NoC architecture is scalable to any network size, ensuring no data loss due to contending packets with a maximum routing latency of 5.1μs for 16 cores. The proposed congestion management method eliminates the need for FIFO in routers, resulting in a compact router footprint of 0.001 mm2. The proposed neurosynaptic core allows for increasing the processing speed by up to 8.5× depending on input sparsity. The SNN achieves a peak throughput of 4.7 GSOP/s at 0.9 V, consuming a minimum energy per synaptic operation (SOP) of 3.3 pJ at 0.55 V. A 4-layer feed-forward network is mapped onto the chip, classifying MNIST digits with 92.3% accuracy at 8.4Kclassification/ s and consuming 2.7-μJ/classification. Additionally, an audio recognition task mapped onto the chip achieves 87.4% accuracy at 215-μJ/classification. IEEE

关键词： Spatio-temporal data

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An Enhanced Hybrid Model Based on CNN and BiLSTM for Identifying Individuals via Handwriting Analysis

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computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1689-1710页

作者： Md.Abdur Rahim Fahmid Al Farid Abu Saleh Musa Miah Arpa Kar Puza Md.Nur Alam Md.Najmul Hossain Sarina Mansor Hezerul Abdul Karim Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pabna University of Science and TechnologyPabna6600Bangladesh Faculty of Engineering Multimedia UniversityCyberjaya63100Malaysia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bangladesh Army University of Science and TechnologySaidpur5311Bangladesh Department of Mathematics Pabna University of Science and TechnologyPabna6600Bangladesh Department of Electrical Electronic and Communication EngineeringPabnaUniversity of Science and TechnologyPabna6600Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Communication Engineering Pabna University of Science and TechnologyPabna6600Bangladesh

Handwriting is a unique and significant human feature that distinguishes them from one *** are many researchers have endeavored to develop writing recognition systems utilizing specific signatures or symbols for person identification through ***,such systems are susceptible to forgery,posing security *** response to these challenges,we propose an innovative hybrid technique for individual identification based on independent handwriting,eliminating the reliance on specific signatures or *** response to these challenges,we propose an innovative hybrid technique for individual identification based on independent handwriting,eliminating the reliance on specific signatures or *** innovative method is intricately designed,encompassing five distinct phases:data collection,preprocessing,feature extraction,significant feature selection,and *** key advancement lies in the creation of a novel dataset specifically tailored for Bengali handwriting(BHW),setting the foundation for our comprehensive ***-preprocessing,we embarked on an exhaustive feature extraction process,encompassing integration with kinematic,statistical,spatial,and composite *** meticulous amalgamation resulted in a robust set of 91 *** enhance the efficiency of our system,we employed an analysis of variance(ANOVA)F test and mutual information scores approach,meticulously selecting the most pertinent *** the identification phase,we harnessed the power of cutting-edge deep learning models,notably the Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(BiLSTM).These models underwent rigorous training and testing to accurately discern individuals based on their handwriting ***,our methodology introduces a groundbreaking hybrid model that synergizes CNN and BiLSTM,capitalizing on fine motor features for enhanced individual ***,our experimental results unde

关键词： Bengali handwriting(BHW) person identification convolutional neural network(CNN) BiLSTM

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Deep learning and machine learning based highly accurate reflection prediction model for multi layers anti-reflection coatings

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Optical and Quantum Electronics 2025年第1期57卷 1-22页

作者： Oktay, Semih Duru, İremnur Bakır, Halit Tabaru, Timuçin Emre Department of Electrical-Electronics Engineering Sivas University of Science and Technology Sivas Turkey Computer Engineering Department Sivas University of Science and Technology Sivas Turkey

This study focuses on creating an accurate reflection prediction model that will guide the design of filters with multilayer Anti-Reflection Coating (ARC) to optimize the thickness parameters using Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques. This model aims to shed light on the design process of a multilayer optical filter, making it more cost-effective by providing faster and more precise production. In creating this model, a dataset containing data obtained from 3000 (1500 Ge–Al2O3, 1500 Ge–SiO2) simulations previously performed on a computer based on the thicknesses of multilayer structural materials was used. The data are generated using Computational Electromagnetic simulation software based on the Finite-Difference Time-Domain method. To understand the mechanism of the proposed model, two different two-layer coating simulations were studied. While Ge was used as the substrate in both coatings, Al2O3 and SiO2 were used as the second layers. The data set consists of the 3–5 µm and 8–12 µm bands typical for the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) and long-wave infrared (LWIR) bands and includes reflectance values for wavelengths ranging between these spectra. In the specified 2-layer data set, the average reflectance was obtained with a minimum of 0.36 at 515 nm Ge and 910 nm SiO2 thicknesses. This value can be increased by adapting the proposed model to more than 2 layers. Six ML algorithms and a DL model, including artificial neural networks and convolutional neural networks, are evaluated to determine the most effective approach for predicting reflectance properties. Furthermore, in the proposed model, a hyperparameter tuning phase is used in the study to compare the efficiency of ML and DL methods to generate dual-band ARC and maximize the prediction accuracy of the DL algorithm. To our knowledge, this is the first time this has been implemented in this field. The results show that ML models, particularly decision tree (MSE: 0.00000069, RMSE: 0.00083), rand

关键词： Antireflection coatings

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SiC JFETs Modular Cascaded Method with Active Clamp Control Strategy for DC Solid-state Circuit Breaker

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第6期9卷 2435-2446页

作者： Hong Duan Wei Wang Zhikang Shuai Dong He Daixin Chen Z.John Shen the College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410006China the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIL 60616 USA.

Power semiconductor devices cascaded topology is one of the most common solutions for solid-state circuit breakers(SSCBs)working in medium-voltage DC ***,when the number of cascaded devices is large,current series technologies of power semiconductor devices will be difficult to be applied since with uneven voltage sharing ***,this paper proposes a novel cascade method of multi-SiC JFETs based on modules *** method consists of two parts:one is a single-gate driver cascaded SiC JFETs topology which is used to form the module,the other one is an active clamp control strategy which ensures that each module is protected from overvoltage when modules are *** proposed cascade method can effectively suppress voltage overshoot of cascading power devices in the switching *** on the proposed cascade method,a 5kV/63A SSCB prototype is ***,an experiment is conducted based on the designed *** results validate the effectiveness of the proposed cascaded method for SSCB.

关键词： Active control clamp DC solid-state circuit breaker modular SiC JFETs series connection

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Priority-based Residential Demand Response for Alleviating Crowding in Distribution Systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第2期11卷 502-510页

作者： Venkateswarlu Gundu Sishaj P.Simon Vemalaiah Kasi Narayana Prasad Padhy Dheeraj Kumar Khatod Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation GunturGunturIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering National Institute of Technology TiruchirappalliTiruchirappalliIndia Department of Electrical Engineering(EED) Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee(IITR)RoorkeeIndia

The dynamic pricing environment offers flexibility to the consumers to reschedule their switching *** the dynamic pricing environment results in several benefits to the utilities and consumers,it also poses some *** crowding among residential customers is one of such *** scheduling of loads at low-cost intervals causes crowding among residential customers,which leads to a fall in voltage of the distribution system below its prescribed *** order to prevent crowding phenomena,this paper proposes a priority-based demand response program for local energy *** the program,past contributions made by residential houses and demand are considered as essential parameters while calculating the priority *** non-linear programming(NLP)model proposed in this study seeks to reschedule loads at low-cost intervals to alleviate crowding *** the NLP model does not guarantee global optima due to its non-convex nature,a second-order cone programming model is proposed,which captures power flow characteristics and guarantees global *** proposed formulation is solved using General Algebraic Modeling System(GAMS)software and is tested on a 12.66 kV IEEE 33-bus distribution system,which demonstrates its applicability and efficacy.

关键词： Crowding strategy demand response distribution system General Algebraic Modeling System(GAMS) local energy community second-order cone programming

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A multi-mode real-time system verification model using efficient event-driven dataset

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2024年第2期15卷 1187-1200页

作者： Islam, Nayreet Azim, Akramul Department of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering University of Ontario Institute of Technology Oshawa Canada

Real-time systems experience many safety and performance issues at run time due to different uncertainties in the environment. Systems are now becoming highly interactive and must be able to execute in a changing environment without experiencing any failure. A real-time system can have multiple modes of operation such as safety and performance. The system can satisfy its safety and performance requirements by switching between the modes at run time. It is essential for the designers to ensure that a multi-mode real-time system operates in the expected mode at run time. In this paper, we present a verification model that identifies the expected mode at run time and checks whether the multi-mode real-time system is operating in the correct mode or not. To determine the expected mode, we present a monitoring module that checks the environment of the system, identifies different real-world occurrences as events, determines their properties and creates an event-driven dataset for failure analysis. The dataset consumes less memory in comparison to the raw input data obtained from the monitored environment. The event-driven dataset also facilitates onboard decision-making because the dataset allows the system to perform a safety analysis by determining the probability of failure in each environmental situations. We use the probability of failure of the system to determine the safety mode in different environmental situations. To demonstrate the applicability of our proposed scheme, we design and implement a real-time traffic monitoring system that has two modes: safety, and performance. The experimental analysis of our work shows that the verification model can identify the expected operating mode at run time based on the safety (probability of failure) and performance (usage) requirements of the system as well as allows the system to operate in performance mode (in 3295 out of 3421 time intervals) and safety mode (in 126 out of 3421 time intervals). The experimental resul

关键词： Real time systems

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Scheduling a Single-Arm Multi-Cluster Tool With a Condition-Based Cleaning Operation

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第10期10卷 1965-1983页

作者： Qinghua Zhu Hongpeng Li Cong Wang Yan Hou School of Computer Science and Technology Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102-1982 USA

As wafer circuit widths shrink less than 10 nm,stringent quality control is imposed on the wafer fabrication processes. Therefore, wafer residency time constraints and chamber cleaning operations are widely required in chemical vapor deposition, coating processes, etc. They increase scheduling complexity in cluster tools. In this paper, we focus on scheduling single-arm multi-cluster tools with chamber cleaning operations subject to wafer residency time constraints. When a chamber is being cleaned, it can be viewed as processing a virtual wafer. In this way, chamber cleaning operations can be performed while wafer residency time constraints for real wafers are not violated. Based on such a method, we present the necessary and sufficient conditions to analytically check whether a single-arm multi-cluster tool can be scheduled with a chamber cleaning operation and wafer residency time constraints. An algorithm is proposed to adjust the cycle time for a cleaning operation that lasts a long cleaning ***, algorithms for a feasible schedule are also *** an algorithm is presented for operating a multi-cluster tool back to a steady state after the cleaning. Illustrative examples are given to show the application and effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Chamber cleaning multi-cluster tools scheduling semiconductor manufacturing

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