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IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and control

作者： A. Ebadat D. Varagnolo G. Bottegal B. Wahlberg K. H. Johansson ACCESS and the Department of Automatic Control KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden Division of Signals and Systems Lulea University of Technology Sweden TU Eindhoven Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven The Netherlands

We consider the problem of occupancy estimation in buildings using available environmental information. In particular, we study the problem of how to collect data that is informative enough for occupancy estimation purposes. We thus propose an application-oriented input design approach for designing the ventilation signal to be used while collecting the system identification datasets. The main goal of the method is to guarantee a certain accuracy in the estimated occupancy levels while minimizing the experimental time and effort. To take into account potential limitations on the actuation signals we moreover formulate the problem as a recursive nonlinear and nonconvex optimization problem, solved then using exhaustive search methods. We finally corroborate the theoretical findings with some numerical examples, which results show that computing ventilation signals using experiment design concepts leads to occupancy estimator performing 4 times better in terms of Mean Square Error (MSE).

关键词： Estimation Ventilation Atmospheric modeling Mathematical model Measurement Numerical models Algorithm design and analysis

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Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy Payload Estimation and Adaptive control

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2017年第1期50卷 844-849页

作者： Beyhan S. Sarabi F.E. Lendek Z. Babuška R. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Pamukkale University Kinikli Campus Denizli 20070 Turkey Delft Center for Systems and Control Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands Department of Automation Technical University of Cluj-Napoca Memorandumului nr. 28 Cluj-Napoca 400114 Romania

In this paper, a novel adaptive Takagi-Sugeno (TS) fuzzy observer-based controller is proposed. The closed-loop stability and the boundedness of all the signals are proven by Lyapunov stability analysis. The proposed controller is applied to a flexible-transmission experimental setup. The performance for constant payload in the presence of noisy measurements is compared to a controller based on a classical extended Luenberger observer. Simulation and real-time results show that the proposed observer-based feedback controller provides accurate position tracking under constant and varying payloads. © 2017

关键词： adaptive payload estimation flexible-transmission system observer-based control stability TS fuzzy modeling

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Performance tradeoffs of dynamically controlled grid-connected inverters in low inertia power systems

Performance tradeoffs of dynamically controlled grid-connect...

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IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and control

作者： Yan Jiang Richard Pates Enrique Mallada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA Department of Automatic Control Lund University Lund Sweden

Implementing frequency response using grid-connected inverters is one of the popular proposed alternatives to mitigate the dynamic degradation experienced in low inertia power systems. However, such solution faces several challenges as inverters do not intrinsically possess the natural response to power fluctuations that synchronous generators have. Thus, to synthetically generate this response, inverters need to take frequency measurements, which are usually noisy, and subsequently make changes in the output power, which are therefore delayed. This paper explores the system-wide performance tradeoffs that arise when measurement noise, delayed actions, and power disturbances are considered in the design of dynamic controllers for grid-connected inverters. Using a recently proposed dynamic droop (iDroop) control for grid-connected inverters that is inspired by classical first order lead-lag compensation, we show that the sets of parameters that result in highest noise attenuation, power disturbance mitigation, and delay robustness do not necessarily have a common intersection. In particular, lead compensation is desired in systems where power disturbances are the predominant source of degradation, while lag compensation is a better alternative when the system is dominated by delays or frequency noise. Our analysis further shows that iDroop can outperform the standard droop alternative in both joint noise and disturbance mitigation, and delay robustness.

关键词： Power system dynamics Inverters Frequency measurement Delays Noise measurement Generators Power measurement

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Large Scale Rollout of Smart Grid Services

Large Scale Rollout of Smart Grid Services

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Global Internet of Things Summit (GIoTS)

作者： Florian Kintzler Tobias Gawron-Deutsch Stephan Cejka Judith Schulte Mathias Uslar Eric MSP Veith Ewa Piatkowska Paul Smith Friederich Kupzog Henrik Sandberg Michelle S. Chong David Umsonst Marco Mittelsdorf Corporate Technology Siemens AG Austria Vienna Austria R&D Division Energy OFFIS e.V. - Institut fur Informatik Oldenburg Germany Center for Digital Safety Security AIT Austrian Institute of Technology Vienna Austria School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department of Automatic Control KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems Freiburg Germany

In the domain of energy automation, where a massive number of software-based IoT services interact with a complex dynamic system, processes for software installation and software update become more important and more complex. These processes have to ensure that the dependencies on all layers are fulfilled, including dependencies arising due to the energy system controlled by IT components being a hidden communication channel between these components. In addition, the processes have to be resilient against faults in and attacks to both the energy grid and the communication network. The ERA-Net funded project LarGo! aims at developing and testing processes for the large scale rollout of software applications in the power grid domain as well as the user domain. This article describes a work in progress and the project's roadmap to solve the technical issues. It investigates the problems that arise from the interlocking of the two networks- the power grid and the communication network. Based on this analysis a first set of requirements for a rollout process in such a Smart Grid is derived and the chosen approach to verify the resilience of the developed processes under research is described.

关键词： Smart grids Substations Software Resilience Maintenance engineering Internet of Things

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Optimization of hydrogen yield of a high-temperature electrolysis system with coordinated temperature and feed factors at various loading conditions: a model-based study☆

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Xing, Xuetao Lin, Jin Song, Yonghua Hu, Qiang Zhou, You Mu, Shujun State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau Macau China Tsinghua-Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute Chengdu610213 China National Institute of Clean and Low Carbon Energy Beijing102211 China Zhejiang Zhentai Energy Tech. Co. Ltd. Lishui Zhejiang Province321400 China

High-temperature electrolysis (HTE) is a promising technology for achieving high-efficiency power-to-gas, which mitigates the renewable curtailment while promoting decarbonization by transforming wind or solar energy into fuels. Different from low-temperature electrolysis, a considerable amount of the input energy is consumed by auxiliary equipment in an HTE system for maintaining the temperature, so the studies on systematic energy description and parameter optimization of HTE are essentially required. A few published studies investigated HTE’s systematic optimization based on simulation, yet there is not a commonly used analytical optimization model which is more suitable for integration with power grid. To fill in this blank, a concise analytical operation model is proposed in this paper to coordinate the necessary power consumptions of auxiliaries under various loading conditions of an HTE system. First, this paper develops a comprehensive energy flow model for an HTE system based on the fundamentals extracted from the existing work, providing a quantitative description of the impacts of condition parameters, including the temperature and the feedstock flow rates. A concise operation model is then analytically proposed to search for the optimal operating states that maximize the hydrogen yield while meeting the desired system loading power by coordinating the temperature, the feedstock flows and the electrolysis current. The evaluation of system performance and the consideration of constraints caused by energy balances and necessary stack requirements are both included. In addition, analytical optimality conditions are obtained to locate the optimal operating states without performing nonlinear programming by further investigating the optimization method. In the case study, a numerical case of an HTE system is employed to validate the proposed operation model and optimization method, which proves that the proposed operation strategies not only improve the overal

关键词： Hydrogen production

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Formal verification of a gain scheduling control scheme

Formal verification of a gain scheduling control scheme

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Mediterranean Conference on control and Automation (MED)

作者： Pablo Ordóñez Andrew R. Mills Tony Dodd Jun Liu Automatic Control and Systems Engineering Department University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom Department of Applied Mathematics University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada

Gain scheduling is a commonly used closed-loop control approach for safety critical non-linear systems, such as commercial gas turbine engines. It is preferred over more advanced control strategies due to a known route to certification. Nonetheless, the stability of the system is hard to prove analytically, and consequently, safety and airworthiness is achieved by burdensome extensive testing. Model checking can aid in bringing down development costs of such a control system and simultaneously improve safety by providing guarantees on properties of embedded control systems. Due to model-checking exhaustive verification capabilities, it has long been recognised that coverage and error-detection rate can be increased compared to traditional testing methods. However, the statespace explosion is still a major computational limitation when applying model-checking to verify dynamic system behaviour. A practical methodology to incrementally design and formally verify control system requirements for a gain scheduling scheme is demonstrated in this paper, overcoming the computational constraints traditionally imposed by model checking. In this manner, the gain-scheduled controller can be efficiently and safely generated with the aid of the model checker.

关键词： Model checking Automata control systems Safety Computational modeling Process control

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Dual Mode MPC for a Concentrated Solar Thermal Power Plant

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2016年第7期49卷 260-265页

作者： Alsharkawi, A. Rossiter, J.A. Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield SheffieldS1 3JD United Kingdom

A model predictive control strategy for a concentrated solar thermal power plant is proposed. Design of the proposed controller is based on an estimated linear time-invariant state space model around a nominal operating point. The model is estimated directly from input-output data using the subspace identification method and taking into account the frequency response of the plant. Input-output data are obtained from a nonlinear distributed parameter model of a plant rather than the plant itself. Effectiveness of the proposed control strategy in terms of tracking and disturbance rejection is evaluated through two different scenarios created in a nonlinear simulation environment. © 2016

关键词： Model predictive control Disturbance rejection Frequency response Linear control systems Predictive control systems Solar concentrators Solar heating State space methods Thermoelectric power plants Concentrated solar thermal power Nonlinear distributed parameter models Parabolic trough Resonant mode Subspace identification

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Using an understanding of feedback processes to improve student learning

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2016年第6期49卷 57-62页

作者： Rossiter, J.A. Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield SheffieldS1 3JD United Kingdom

The main purpose of this paper is to give some novel insights into the creation and use of feedback within a learning environment. The literature commonly puts all the emphasis for feedback on what staff do, but this paper will demonstrate using analogies with classical control feedback loops that it is in fact not staff who create feedback, but students. Consequently, rather than pressurising staff to create more, faster, better ‘feedback’ the onus should be on educating students, and staff, on how to create effective feedback from the myriad of information available to them. © 2016

关键词： Feedback Computer aided instruction Measurement Students Classical control Feedback process Learning environments Student engagement Student learning Student satisfaction

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Low production cost virtual modelling and control laboratories for chemical engineering students

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2016年第6期49卷 230-235页

作者： Rossiter, J.A. Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield SheffieldS1 3JD United Kingdom

This paper gives a brief review of work on virtual and remote laboratories along with a critique of their strengths and weaknesses. This is used as a motivation for a proposed method for producing virtual laboratories which, while relatively crude in comparison with professional alternatives, are much cheaper and faster to produce and thus can be created using the skill set and time of normal academics. Some examples and the coding processes are demonstrated. © 2016

关键词： Cost engineering Laboratories Chemical engineering students Coding process Independent learning Modelling and controls Production cost Remote laboratories Student engagement Virtual laboratories

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Gain Scheduling Dual Mode MPC for a Solar Thermal Power Plant

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2016年第18期49卷 128-133页

作者： Alsharkawi, A. Rossiter, J.A. Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield SheffieldS1 3JD United Kingdom

A nonlinear gain scheduling control strategy is proposed for a concentrated solar thermal power plant. The strategy involves the identification of local linear time-invariant state space models around a family of operating points, the design of corresponding local linear dual mode model-based predictive controllers and the selection of an appropriate scheduling variable to govern the switching. The local models are estimated directly from input-output data using a subspace identification method while taking into account the frequency response of the plant. Input-output data are obtained from a nonlinear simulation model of the plant rather than the plant itself. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy in terms of tracking and disturbance rejection is evaluated through two different scenarios created in a nonlinear simulation environment. © 2016

关键词： Linear control systems Disturbance rejection Frequency response Model predictive control Predictive control systems Scheduling Solar concentrators Solar heating State space methods Thermoelectric power plants Dual mode model Gain Scheduling Non linear control Resonant mode Solar thermal power plants Subspace identification

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