The characterization of the closed-loop delays in a wide-area control system (WACS) is an important foundation for further research. The method to estimate and measure the closed-loop delay in actual WACSs were propos...
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Many high-accuracy positioning systems have a target performance location that varies with time and position. A typical example is given by wafer stage positioning systems in the lithographic industry. The design of f...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509025923
Many high-accuracy positioning systems have a target performance location that varies with time and position. A typical example is given by wafer stage positioning systems in the lithographic industry. The design of feedforward compensators for such a class of systems, i.e. flexible motion systems having Linear Time Invariant (LTI) state dynamics with Linear Time-Varying (LTV) state-to-output map, can be considerably enhanced if such time or position-varying characteristics of the systems are taken into account. In this work, a strategy to construct a feedforward controller that exactly matches the time-dependent inverse of such a system is investigated. Analysis and simulation on a simplified model show the potential performance improvement obtained with such a strategy.
This paper focuses on the active power loss minimization by optimal voltage control in a power system using a new optimization algorithm. The cost function is assumed to be convex. The algorithm we propose to address ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509033591
This paper focuses on the active power loss minimization by optimal voltage control in a power system using a new optimization algorithm. The cost function is assumed to be convex. The algorithm we propose to address the numerical solution of this problem is based on the exploitation of the convex problem structure using a sequential convex programming framework that linearizes the nonlinear power balance constraints at each iteration. The convex subproblem is then solved using a dual fast gradient method. We provide mathematical guarantees for the linear convergence of the algorithm towards a local solution. This approach allows an optimal voltage for each bus, while achieving the (local) economical optimum of the whole power grid. The newly developed algorithm can be run over large electricity networks, as we show on several numerical simulations using the classical IEEE bus test cases.
This paper addresses the problem of reconstructing the height of the sea-surface proximal to marine vessels, based upon a finite set of point-wise in space height samples from onboard light detection and ranging (LiDA...
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This paper addresses the problem of reconstructing the height of the sea-surface proximal to marine vessels, based upon a finite set of point-wise in space height samples from onboard light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors. This is a necessary precursor to developing the autopilot systems for next generation unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) that can efficiently navigate through rough seas, based upon limited sensory information of the surrounding sea-surface. The technical challenges are twofold. Firstly, the sea-surface dynamics are highly complex, posing a significant challenge to the use of model-based estimation techniques. Secondly, the measurements of the sea-surface are spatially irregular, sparse, and time-varying owing to the effects of dynamic wave-shadowing. As a significant first step, we show how the challenge of sea-surface reconstruction can be posed as a matrix completion problem whose solution is model-free and is merely reliant on a low-rank property stemming from the bandwidth-limited nature of ocean wave spectra. Validation tests are conducted on ocean surfaces generated from Elfouhaily spectra, with synthetic sensor data generated from geometric intersection of LiDAR beams with each surface. The results demonstrate remarkably good recovery of the large matrices that store sea-surface height data, using fewer than 3% of their sampled entries. In addition, results are presented that demonstrate the robustness of the matrix completion technique to random sample loss.
The main objectives of this paper are to assess the impact of disturbances in a natural gas processing train in the upstream oil & gas fields and to validate a representative model which can be used for developing...
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The main objectives of this paper are to assess the impact of disturbances in a natural gas processing train in the upstream oil & gas fields and to validate a representative model which can be used for developing/testing a swift and anticipatory control system. The impact of two different causes of process disturbances on a gas phase train comprising three main processes connected in series is presented. The paper provides answers about how feed disturbances, and process unit malfunctions affect series connected processes, and more specifically Gas Sweetening, Gas Dehydration, and Hydrocarbon Dew-Pointing units.
Movement classification from electromyography (EMG) signals is a promising vector for improvement of human computer interaction and prosthetic control. Conventional work in this area typically makes use of expert know...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781457702198
Movement classification from electromyography (EMG) signals is a promising vector for improvement of human computer interaction and prosthetic control. Conventional work in this area typically makes use of expert knowledge to select a set of movements a priori and then design classifiers based around these movements. The disadvantage of this approach is that different individuals might have different sets of movements that would lead to high classification accuracy. The novel approach we take here is to instead use a data-driven diagnostic test to select a set of person-specific movements. This new approach leads to an optimised set of movements for a specific person with regards to classification performance.
In this paper the development of a new embedded feature selection method is presented, based on a Radial-Basis-Function Neural-Fuzzy modelling structure. The proposed method is created to find the relative importance ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509006274
In this paper the development of a new embedded feature selection method is presented, based on a Radial-Basis-Function Neural-Fuzzy modelling structure. The proposed method is created to find the relative importance of features in a given dataset (or process in general), with special focus on manufacturing processes. The proposed approach evaluates the impact/importance of processes features by using information theoretic measures to measure the correlation between the process features and the modelling performance. Crucially, the proposed method acts during the training of the process model; hence it is an embedded method, achieving the modelling/classification task in parallel to the feature selection task. The latter is achieved by taking advantage of the information in the output layer of the Neural Fuzzy structure; in the presented case this is a TSK-type polynomial function. Two information measures are evaluated in this work, both based on information entropy: mutual information, and cross-sample entropy. The proposed methodology is tested against two popular datasets in the literature (IRIS - plant data, AirFoil - manufacturing/design data), and one more case study relevant to manufacturing - the heat treatment of steel. Results show the good and reliable performance of the developed modelling structure, on par with existing published work, as well as the good performance of the feature selection task in terms of correctly identifying important process features.
This paper presents a lateral control strategy for a platoon of vehicles which utilises only data which can realistically be measured by each vehicle, augmented with Inter-Vehicle Communication (IVC). The control prob...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509025923
This paper presents a lateral control strategy for a platoon of vehicles which utilises only data which can realistically be measured by each vehicle, augmented with Inter-Vehicle Communication (IVC). The control problem resembles those which exist for longitudinal control and this introduces the challenge of estimating a vehicles lateral position and velocity when direct measurement is not possible (due to lane markings being obscured by a preceding vehicle). It is shown that the associated robust controller, which we propose, exhibits string stability in the presence of sensor and actuation delays and a high fidelity simulation is conducted to verify this.
In this paper we introduce a primal projected gradient method based on inexact projections for solving constrained convex problems. For this algorithm we prove sublinear rate of convergence when applied to problems wi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467383479
In this paper we introduce a primal projected gradient method based on inexact projections for solving constrained convex problems. For this algorithm we prove sublinear rate of convergence when applied to problems with objective function being convex and having Lipschitz gradient. At each iteration, our method computes a gradient step towards the solution of the unconstrained problem and then projecting approximately this step onto the feasible set. We recast the inexact projection as approximately solving a best approximation problem for the gradient step until a certain stopping criterion holds. Finally, we show that there are available powerful algorithms, with linear convergence, for computing the inexact projection, such as Dykstra algorithm and alternating direction method of multipliers. Our algorithm is especially useful in embedded model predictive control on hardware with limited computational power, where tight bounds on the computational complexity of the numerical algorithm, used for solving the control problem, are required.
Given an observed data set, there are different methods that can be used to impute missing data. While excellent work has been done in this field, most available approaches are focused on some particular applications,...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467383479
Given an observed data set, there are different methods that can be used to impute missing data. While excellent work has been done in this field, most available approaches are focused on some particular applications, such as static data and univariate time series. The primary aim of the two papers Part I VAR-IM algorithm v.s. traditional methods and Part II VAR-IM algorithm v.s. modern algorithms - is to introduce an algorithm for handling missing data in multivariate time series based on vector autoregressive (VAR) model by combining an expectation and minimization (EM) algorithm with the prediction error minimization (PEM) method. In the first part, we conduct two cases studies (one for simulation data and another for real ECG data) to compare the proposed algorithm with three traditional methods for imputing missing data: Mean substitution, list-wise deletion and linear regression substitution. In the second part, the proposed method is compared with more powerful modern techniques: MARRS Package, nearest neighbour, and the full information maximum likelihood (FIML) method. Furthermore, we demonstrate the use of the proposed method together with an empirical example of multivariate time series to ECG data and discuss its advantages and limitations.
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