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International Laser Technology and Optics Symposium 2024, iLATOS2024

作者： Khan, Abdul Ali Thirunavakkarasu, Punithavathi M. bte Saidin, Norazlina Noor, Ahmad Shukri Muhammad Waqas, Nawaf Communication Technology Section Universiti Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian Institute Kuala lumpur53100 Malaysia Faculty of I.C.T BUITEMS Quetta87100 Pakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Kuala Lumpur53100 Malaysia Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Universiti Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian Institute Bt. 8 Jalan Sungai Pusu Selangor Gombak53100 Malaysia

This study investigates the relationship between the diameter of a D-shaped plastic optical fiber (POF) sensor and its optical response as a function of varying salt concentrations. A simple and efficient dry etching polishing technique was employed to create D-shaped POF sensors with a range of diameters. All the fabricated sensors were carefully developed to maintain a consistent length of 20 cm with a sensing region of 1cm. To evaluate the optical intensity response, each sensor, with its respective diameter, was examined with the salt concentration ranging from (0 to 5%) examination utilizing a spectrometer. The sensor response was characterized by quantifying the variations observed in the intensity of the optical signal propagating through the sensing region. The sensors having a diameter of 500 μm, 700 μm, and 900 μm had a sensitivity of 149 A.U/%salt, 66 A.U/%salt, and 11.2 A.U/%salt respectively. The sensitivity of the 500 μm diameter sensor increased 13 times approximately as compared to the sensor having diameter of 900 μm. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dry etching

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Poles sequence selection in implementation of fractional-order difference via Takenaka-Malmquist functions

Poles sequence selection in implementation of fractional-ord...

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International Conference on Methods and Models in Automation and Robotics (MMAR)

作者： Marek Rydel Rafał Stanisławski Department of Electrical Control and Computer Engineering Opole University of Technology ul. Prószkowska 76 Opole Poland

ISBN: (数字)9798350362343

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362350

The paper presents a new algorithm for the selection of poles for modeling fractional-order difference based on Takenaka-Malmquist functions. The main advantage of the proposed approach to the selection of poles is better approximation accuracy in the chosen frequency adequacy range as well as in the time domain of finite-length implementation of the Takenaka-Malmquist-base fractional-order difference. The proposed Takenaka-Malmquist-based difference implementation can also be applied to model fractional-order integrators and non-commensurate state-space systems.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis Accuracy Automation Approximation algorithms Time-domain analysis Robots

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State-Space Piece-Wise Affine System Identification with Online Deterministic Annealing

State-Space Piece-Wise Affine System Identification with Onl...

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European control Conference (ECC)

作者： Christos N. Mavridis Aris Kanellopoulos John S. Baras Karl Henrik Johansson Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park USA

ISBN: (数字)9783907144107

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540920

We propose an online identification scheme for discrete-time piece-wise affine state-space models based on a system of adaptive algorithms running in two timescales. A stochastic approximation algorithm implements an online deterministic annealing scheme at a slow timescale, estimating the partition of the augmented state-input space that defines the switching signal. At the same time, an adaptive identification algorithm, running at a higher timescale, updates the parameters of the local models based on the estimate of the switching signal. Identifiability conditions for the switched system are discussed and convergence results are given based on the theory of two-timescale stochastic approximation. In contrast to standard identification algorithms for piece-wise affine systems, the proposed approach progressively estimates the number of modes needed and is appropriate for online system identification using sequential data acquisition. This progressive nature of the algorithm improves computational efficiency and provides real-time control over the performance-complexity trade-off, desired in practical applications. Experimental results validate the efficacy of the proposed methodology.

关键词： Switched systems Annealing Stochastic processes Switches Approximation algorithms Real-time systems System identification

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Multiplier analysis of Lurye systems with power signals 63

Multiplier analysis of Lurye systems with power signals

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and control, CDC 2024

作者： Heath, William P. Carrasco, Joaquin Bangor University School of Computer Science and Engineering Dean St LL57 1UT United Kingdom Nancy Rothwell Building University of Manchester Control Systems and Robotics Group Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering M13 9PL United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

Multipliers can be used to guarantee both the Lyapunov stability and input-output stability of Lurye systems with time-invariant memoryless slope-restricted nonlinearities. If a dynamic multiplier is used there is no guarantee the closedloop system has finite incremental gain. It has been suggested in the literature that without this guarantee such a system may be critically sensitive to time-varying exogenous signals including noise. We show that multipliers guarantee the power gain of the system to be bounded and quantifiable. Furthermore power may be measured about an appropriate steady state bias term, provided the multiplier does not require the nonlinearity to be odd. Hence dynamic multipliers can be used to guarantee Lurye systems have low sensitivity to noise, provided other exogenous systems have constant steady state. We illustrate the analysis with an example where the exogenous signal is a power signal with non-zero mean. © 2024 IEEE.

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Safe Multi-Robotic Arm Interaction via 3D Convex Shapes

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Kaypak, Ali Umut Wei, Shiqing Krishnamurthy, Prashanth Khorrami, Farshad Control/Robotics Research Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Tandon School of Engineering New York University BrooklynNY11201 United States

Inter-robot collisions pose a significant safety risk when multiple robotic arms operate in close proximity. We present an online collision avoidance methodology leveraging 3D convex shape-based High-Order control Barrier Functions (HOCBFs) to address this issue. While prior works focused on using control Barrier Functions (CBFs) for human–robotic arm and single-arm collision avoidance, we explore the problem of collision avoidance between multiple robotic arms operating in a shared space. In our methodology, we utilize the proposed HOCBFs as centralized and decentralized safety filters. These safety filters are compatible with any nominal controller and ensure safety without significantly restricting the robots’ workspace. A key challenge in implementing these filters is the computational overhead caused by the large number of safety constraints and the computation of a Hessian matrix per constraint. We address this challenge by employing numerical differentiation methods to approximate computationally intensive terms. The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated through extensive simulation studies and real-world experiments with Franka Research 3 robotic arms. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Robotic arms

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Reactive Navigation of the Ackermann Steering Robot in Unknown Environments

Reactive Navigation of the Ackermann Steering Robot in Unkno...

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International Conference on Autonomous Robots and Agents, ICARA

作者： ANA ŠELEK IVAN HRABAR SAŠA ŠTEKOVIĆ Department of Control and Computer Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia Autegra D.O.O. Zagreb Croatia

ISBN: (数字)9798331509231

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509248

Mobile robots are now widely used in numerous real-world applications that have complex navigation requirements, especially in environments used by humans. This requires highly accurate navigation that can be performed in realtime. In this paper, a method for generating a smooth motion of nonholonomic mobile robots is proposed. It enables robots to move optimally toward the desired goal and allows fast path replanning when encountering unknown or dynamic obstacles. The method generates smooth, collision-free trajectories based on clothoids, ensuring high computational efficiency and suitability for realtime path planning. By applying a smoothing algorithm, the proposed method improves the robot's efficiency in terms of travel time and trajectory length from start to goal, as demonstrated by a comparison with model predictive control.

关键词： Smoothing methods Navigation Dynamics Real-time systems Trajectory Computational efficiency Mobile robots Collision avoidance Testing Predictive control

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Risk-Averse Learning with Delayed feedback

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Siyi Wang, Zifan Johansson, Karl H. Hirche, Sandra Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technical University of Munich Munich80333 Germany Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm10044 Sweden

In real-world scenarios, the impacts of decisions may not manifest immediately. Taking these delays into account facilitates accurate assessment and management of risk in real-world environments, thereby ensuring the efficacy of strategies. In this paper, we investigate risk-averse learning using Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) as risk measure, while incorporating delayed feedback with unknown but bounded delays. We develop two risk-averse learning algorithms that rely on one-point and two-point zeroth-order optimization approaches, respectively. The regret achieved by the algorithms is analyzed in terms of the cumulative delay and the number of total samplings. The results suggest that the two-point risk-averse learning achieves a smaller regret bound than the one-point algorithm. Furthermore, the one-point risk-averse learning algorithm attains sublinear regret under certain delay conditions, and the two-point risk-averse learning algorithm achieves sublinear regret with minimal restrictions on the delay. We provide numerical experiments on a dynamic pricing problem to demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithms. © 2024, CC0.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Improving electrically Evoked Compound Action Potential Based on electrical Field Imaging and Electrode Interfaces

Improving Electrically Evoked Compound Action Potential Base...

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IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation

作者： Charles T.M. Choi Chun Ting Ke Jelani Lawrence Alexander C. C. Wang Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering College of Electrical & Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering College of Electrical & Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering College of Electrical & Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Electrical Engineering & Computer Science International Graduate Program College of Electrical & Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798350348958

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348965

The electrically evoked compound action potential (ECAP) has been used in various clinical studies and has become a key physiological signal for cochlear implants (CI). This study used four sensing electrodes to record ECAP signals based on the alternating polarity approach. An electrical field imaging (EFI) result based on the finite element method was used to obtain the interface impedance, then ECAP simulation results were computed and compared with a patient's clinical ECAP measurements. Preliminary modeling results show that the interface impedance obtained by this EFI-based technique can improve the simulation accuracy of the ECAP model. The ECAP modeling result will be compared with clinical ECAP measurements to validate the model in the full paper.

关键词： Electrodes Action potentials Impedance measurement Computational modeling Simulation Imaging Finite element analysis

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Fall Detection in Ambient-Assisted Living Environments Using FMCW Radars and Deep Learning

Fall Detection in Ambient-Assisted Living Environments Using...

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IEEE International Conference on Radar

作者： Ali Samimi Fard Mohammadreza Mashhadigholamali Samaneh Zolfaghari Hajar Abedi Mainak Chakraborty Sachin Karmani Luigi Borzì Masoud Daneshtalab George Shaker Department of Control and Computer Engineering Politecnico di Torino Turin Italy School of Innovation Design and Engineering Mälardalen University Västerås Sweden Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Ontario Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798331539566

ISBN: (纸本)9798331539573

The global rise in the elderly population has increased the demand for effective fall detection in Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) environments. This paper introduces a novel and reliable fall detection system utilizing frequencymodulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar, designed to address privacy concerns, operate reliably in low-light conditions, and provide ease of installation. Data from two wall-mounted radars capture a variety of activities, including simulated falls, across five configurations to enhance model generalizability. Radar data processing employs the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and the Capon algorithm to generate Range-Azimuth and Range-Elevation maps, which serve as input features for a proposed 3D Convolutional Neural Network (3D CNN) model. This model achieves an accuracy of 94.33 % and F1-score of 93.5 %, combining high performance with adaptability across diverse environments and user needs. This work provides a robust solution for fall detection with significant potential for deployment in real-world elderly care settings.

关键词： Deep learning Ambient assisted living Three-dimensional displays Fast Fourier transforms Radar detection Radar Reliability engineering Data models Fall detection Older adults

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FMCW Radar-Based Human Activity Recognition: A Machine Learning Approach for Elderly Care

FMCW Radar-Based Human Activity Recognition: A Machine Learn...

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2025 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, WCNC 2025

作者： Mashhadigholamali, Mohammadreza Fard, Ali Samimi Zolfaghari, Samaneh Abedi, Hajar Chakraborty, Mainak Borzì, Luigi Daneshtalab, Masoud Shaker, George Politecnico di Torino Department of Control and Computer Engineering Turin Italy School of Innovation Design and Engineering Mädlardalen University Västerås Sweden University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WaterlooON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368369

In this paper, we propose a novel system prototype for human activity recognition using a low-cost, low-power millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar. Our approach applies the Fast Fourier Transform on the slow time axis and employs a Capon filter to generate range-Doppler, range-azimuth, and range-elevation maps, respectively. It can also effectively mitigate noise and multipath effects. We then use principal component analysis for feature reduction, reducing the dimensionality of the feature vectors extracted from these maps, which can be used to train conventional machine learning classifiers. This approach aims to achieve a balance between computational complexity, accuracy, and overall system performance. Our proposed system demon-strates promising recognition rates and robustness across varying levels of activity granularity, achieving recognition rates from 90.28% for four activities up to 70.97% for seven fine-grained ac-tivities. These findings highlight the potential of millimeter wave radar and suggested range maps combined with conventional machine learning classifiers for noninvasive, privacy-preserving activity recognition, with significant implications for healthcare, elderly care, and ambient assisted living. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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