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Analysis of Automated Clinical Depression Diagnosis in a Chinese Corpus

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TechRxiv

TechRxiv 2023年

作者： Mao, Kaining Wang, Deborah Baofeng Zheng, Tiansheng Jiao, Rongqi Zhu, Yanhui Wu, Bin Qian, Lei Lyu, Wei Chen, Jie Ye, Minjie The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders Oujiang Laboratory Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine Vision and Brain Health Zhejiang Wenzhou325000 China Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province Institute of Aging Wenzhou Medical University Zhejiang Wenzhou China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 2R3 Canada Wenzhou Medical University Zhejiang Wenzhou325000 China

Depression clinical interview corpora are essential for advancing automated depression diagnosis. While previous studies have used written speech material in controlled settings, these materials do not accurately represent spontaneous conversational speech. Additionally, self-reported measures of depression are subject to bias, making the data unreliable for training models for real-world scenarios. This study introduces a new corpus of depression clinical interviews collected directly from a psychiatric hospital, containing 113 recordings with 52 healthy and 61 depressive patients. The subjects were examined using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) in Chinese. Their final diagnosis was based on medical evaluations through a clinical interview conducted by a psychiatry specialist. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, and annotated by experienced physicians. This dataset is a valuable resource for automated depression detection research and is expected to advance the field of psychology. Baseline models for detecting and predicting depression presence and level were built, and descriptive statistics of audio and text features were calculated. The decision-making process of the model was also investigated and illustrated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to collect a depression clinical interview corpus in Chinese and train machine learning models to diagnose depression patients. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Sentiment analysis

Scalable perception-action-communication loops with convolutional and graph neural networks

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Hu, Ting-Kuei Gama, Fernando Chen, Tianlong Zheng, Wenqing Wang, Zhangyang Ribeiro, Alejandro Sadler, Brian M. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering The University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States US Army Research Laboratory AdelphiMD20783 United States

In this paper, we present a perception-action-communication loop design using vision-based Graph Aggregation and Inference (VGAI). This multi-agent decentralized learning-to-control framework maps raw visual observations to agent actions, aided by local communication among neighboring agents. Our framework is implemented by a cascade of a convolutional and a graph neural network (CNN / GNN), addressing agent-level visual perception and feature learning, as well as swarm-level communication, local information aggregation and agent action inference, respectively. By jointly training the CNN and GNN, image features and communication messages are learned in conjunction to better address the specific task. We use imitation learning to train the VGAI controller in an offline phase, relying on a centralized expert controller. This results in a learned VGAI controller that can be deployed in a distributed manner for online execution. Additionally, the controller exhibits good scaling properties, with training in smaller teams and application in larger teams. Through a multiagent flocking application, we demonstrate that VGAI yields performance comparable to or better than other decentralized controllers, using only the visual input modality and without accessing precise location or motion state information. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

Current and future directions in network biology

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zitnik, Marinka Li, Michelle M. Wells, Aydin Glass, Kimberly Gysi, Deisy Morselli Krishnan, Arjun Murali, T.M. Radivojac, Predrag Roy, Sushmita Baudot, Anaïs Bozdag, Serdar Chen, Danny Z. Cowen, Lenore Devkota, Kapil Gitter, Anthony Gosline, Sara Gu, Pengfei Guzzi, Pietro H. Huang, Heng Jiang, Meng Kesimoglu, Ziynet Nesibe Koyuturk, Mehmet Ma, Jian Pico, Alexander R. Pržulj, Nataša Przytycka, Teresa M. Raphael, Benjamin J. Ritz, Anna Sharan, Roded Shen, Yang Singh, Mona Slonim, Donna K. Tong, Hanghang Yang, Xinan Holly Yoon, Byung-Jun Yu, Haiyuan Milenković, Tijana Department of Biomedical Informatics Harvard University United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame United States Lucy Family Institute for Data and Society University of Notre Dame United States Eck Institute for Global Health University of Notre Dame United States Channing Division of Network Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School United States Department of Statistics Federal University of Paraná Brazil Department of Physics Northeastern University United States Department of Biomedical Informatics University of Colorado United States Department of Computer Science Virginia Tech United States Khoury College of Computer Sciences Northeastern University United States Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics University of Wisconsin-Madison United States Wisconsin Institute for Discovery United States Aix Marseille Université INSERM MMG Marseille France Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of North Texas United States Department of Mathematics University of North Texas United States Department of Computer Science Tufts University United States Morgridge Institute for Research United States Pacific Northwest National Laboratory United States Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro Italy Department of Computer Science University of Maryland College Park United States National Center of Biotechnology Information National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health Department of Computer and Data Sciences Case Western Reserve University United States Computational Biology Department School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University United States Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology Gladstone Institutes Department of Computer Science University College London United Kingdom ICREA Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies Spain Department of Computer Science Princeton University United States Departmen

Network biology is an interdisciplinary field bridging computational and biological sciences that has proved pivotal in advancing the understanding of cellular functions and diseases across biological systems and scales. Although the field has been around for two decades, it remains nascent. It has witnessed rapid evolution, accompanied by emerging challenges. These challenges stem from various factors, notably the growing complexity and volume of data together with the increased diversity of data types describing different tiers of biological organization. We discuss prevailing research directions in network biology and highlight areas of inference and comparison of biological networks, multimodal data integration and heterogeneous networks, higher-order network analysis, machine learning on networks, and network-based personalized medicine. Following the overview of recent breakthroughs across these five areas, we offer a perspective on the future directions of network biology. Additionally, we offer insights into scientific communities, educational initiatives, and the importance of fostering diversity within the field. This paper establishes a roadmap for an immediate and long-term vision for network biology. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Machine learning

Enhancing Deep Reinforcement Learning: A Tutorial on Generative Diffusion Models in Network Optimization

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Du, Hongyang Zhang, Ruichen Liu, Yinqiu Wang, Jiacheng Lin, Yijing Li, Zonghang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Cui, Shuguang Ai, Bo Zhou, Haibo Kim, Dong In The School of Computer Science and Engineering The Energy Research Institute @ NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore The State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications China The School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Sciences and Technology of China Chengdu China The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore Shenzhen China The State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210093 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of

Generative Diffusion Models (GDMs) have emerged as a transformative force in the realm of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI), demonstrating their versatility and efficacy across various applications. The ability to model complex data distributions and generate high-quality samples has made GDMs particularly effective in tasks such as image generation and reinforcement learning. Furthermore, their iterative nature, which involves a series of noise addition and denoising steps, is a powerful and unique approach to learning and generating data. This paper serves as a comprehensive tutorial on applying GDMs in network optimization tasks. We delve into the strengths of GDMs, emphasizing their wide applicability across various domains, such as vision, text, and audio generation. We detail how GDMs can be effectively harnessed to solve complex optimization problems inherent in networks. The paper first provides a basic background of GDMs and their applications in network optimization. This is followed by a series of case studies, showcasing the integration of GDMs with Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), incentive mechanism design, Semantic Communications (SemCom), Internet of Vehicles (IoV) networks, etc. These case studies underscore the practicality and efficacy of GDMs in real-world scenarios, offering insights into network design. We conclude with a discussion on potential future directions for GDM research and applications, providing major insights into how they can continue to shape the future of network optimization. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

Swin transformer-based shape-from-focus technique for accurate 3D shape estimation

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Optics and Lasers in engineering 2025年 193卷

作者： Ramazan Ozgur Dogan Hulya Dogan Alper Yilmaz Department of Artificial Intelligence Engineering Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences Trabzon University Trabzon Turkiye Photogrammetric Computer Vision Laboratory The Ohio State University Columbus USA Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Engineering Karadeniz Technical University Trabzon Turkiye Drug and Pharmaceutical Technology Application & Research Center Karadeniz Technical University Trabzon Turkiye

Accurately estimating the three-dimensional (3D) shape of an object from two-dimensional (2D) images is a fundamental challenge in computer vision, with widespread applications in fields such as biomedical imaging and microscopy. Shape-from-Focus (SFF) is a widely adopted technique for addressing this challenge, relying on focus measures from image series captured at varying focal lengths. However, existing SFF techniques often face limitations such as inadequate performance in low-texture regions, sensitivity to noise, and high computational costs when processing high-resolution image series, hindering their effectiveness in real-world applications. To address these limitations, this study proposes a novel SFF technique based on the Swin Transformer, which introduces a hierarchical feature extraction framework and integrates a spatial frequency-based focus function directly into the deep feature space. This enables more robust focus-level detection and improved accuracy in 3D shape estimation for both real and simulated image series. The main contributions include multi-scale attention-based feature modeling and an enhanced sharpness evaluation strategy, yielding superior performance across various data sets. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed technique, extensive experiments are conducted using standard evaluation metrics, complemented by qualitative comparisons via reconstructed 3D shapes. The results consistently demonstrate that the Swin Transformer-based model outperforms existing SFF techniques in both quantitative and visual analyses. These findings highlight the robustness and innovation of the proposed SFF technique, establishing it as a reliable and efficient solution for 3D shape estimation.

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Physical Adversarial Attack Meets computer vision: A Decade Survey

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Wei, Hui Tang, Hao Jia, Xuemei Wang, Zhixiang Yu, Hanxun Li, Zhubo Satoh, Shin'ichi Van Gool, Luc Wang, Zheng School of Computer Science National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Wuhan University Wuhan China National Key Laboratory for Multimedia Information Processing School of Computer Science Peking University Beijing100871 China Colleage of Software and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan China Digital Content and Media Sciences Research Division National Institute of Informatics Japan Department of Information and Communication Engineering Graduate School of Information Science and Technology The University of Tokyo Japan Computer Vision Lab of ETH Zurich Zürich8092 Switzerland KU Leuven Leuven3000 Belgium INSAIT Sofia Bulgaria

Despite the impressive achievements of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) in computer vision, their vulnerability to adversarial attacks remains a critical concern. Extensive research has demonstrated that incorporating sophisticated perturbations into input images can lead to a catastrophic degradation in DNNs’ performance. This perplexing phenomenon not only exists in the digital space but also in the physical world. Consequently, it becomes imperative to evaluate the security of DNNs-based systems to ensure their safe deployment in real-world scenarios, particularly in security-sensitive applications. To facilitate a profound understanding of this topic, this paper presents a comprehensive overview of physical adversarial attacks. Firstly, we distill four general steps for launching physical adversarial attacks. Building upon this foundation, we uncover the pervasive role of artifacts carrying adversarial perturbations in the physical world. These artifacts influence each step. To denote them, we introduce a new term: adversarial medium. Then, we take the first step to systematically evaluate the performance of physical adversarial attacks, taking the adversarial medium as a first attempt. Our proposed evaluation metric, hiPAA, comprises six perspectives: Effectiveness, Stealthiness, Robustness, Practicability, Aesthetics, and Economics. We also provide comparative results across task categories, together with insightful observations and suggestions for future research directions. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

Towards 6G wireless communication networks:vision, enabling technologies, and new paradigm shifts

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第1期64卷 5-78页

作者： Xiaohu YOU Cheng-Xiang WANG Jie HUANG Xiqi GAO Zaichen ZHANG Mao WANG Yongming HUANG Chuan ZHANG Yanxiang JIANG Jiaheng WANG Min ZHU Bin SHENG Dongming WANG Zhiwen PAN Pengcheng ZHU Yang YANG Zening LIU Ping ZHANG Xiaofeng TAO Shaoqian LI Zhi CHEN Xinying MA Chih-Lin I Shuangfeng HAN Ke LI Chengkang PAN Zhimin ZHENG Lajos HANZO Xuemin (Sherman) SHEN Yingjie Jay GUO Zhiguo DING Harald HAAS Wen TONG Peiying ZHU Ganghua YANG Jun WANG Erik G.LARSSON Hien Quoc NGO Wei HONG Haiming WANG Debin HOU Jixin CHEN Zhe CHEN Zhangcheng HAO Geoffrey Ye LI Rahim TAFAZOLLI Yue GAO H.Vincent POOR Gerhard P.FETTWEIS Ying-Chang LIANG National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and EngineeringSoutheast University Purple Mountain Laboratories Shanghai Institute of Fog Computing Technology (SHIFT) ShanghaiTech University Research Center for Network Communication Peng Cheng Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Network Technologies Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) China Mobile Research Institute School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Global Big Data Technologies Centre (GBDTC) University of Technology Sydney School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Manchester LiFi Research and Development Centre Institute for Digital CommunicationsSchool of EngineeringThe University of Edinburgh Huawei Technologies Canada Co. Ltd. Huawei Technologies Department of Electrical Engineering (ISY) Link?ping University Institute of Electronics Communications & Information Technology (ECIT)Queen's University Belfast State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves School of Information Science and EngineeringSoutheast University School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 5G Innovation Centre University of Surrey Princeton University Vodafone Chair Mobile Communications Systems Technische Universit?t Dresden Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications (CINC) University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)

The fifth generation(5G) wireless communication networks are being deployed worldwide from 2020 and more capabilities are in the process of being standardized, such as mass connectivity, ultra-reliability,and guaranteed low latency. However, 5G will not meet all requirements of the future in 2030 and beyond, and sixth generation(6G) wireless communication networks are expected to provide global coverage, enhanced spectral/energy/cost efficiency, better intelligence level and security, etc. To meet these requirements, 6G networks will rely on new enabling technologies, i.e., air interface and transmission technologies and novel network architecture, such as waveform design, multiple access, channel coding schemes, multi-antenna technologies, network slicing, cell-free architecture, and cloud/fog/edge computing. Our vision on 6G is that it will have four new paradigm shifts. First, to satisfy the requirement of global coverage, 6G will not be limited to terrestrial communication networks, which will need to be complemented with non-terrestrial networks such as satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) communication networks, thus achieving a space-airground-sea integrated communication network. Second, all spectra will be fully explored to further increase data rates and connection density, including the sub-6GHz, millimeter wave(mmWave), terahertz(THz),and optical frequency bands. Third, facing the big datasets generated by the use of extremely heterogeneous networks, diverse communication scenarios, large numbers of antennas, wide bandwidths, and new service requirements, 6G networks will enable a new range of smart applications with the aid of artificial intelligence(AI) and big data technologies. Fourth, network security will have to be strengthened when developing 6G networks. This article provides a comprehensive survey of recent advances and future trends in these four aspects. Clearly, 6G with additional technical requirements beyond those of 5G will enable f

关键词： 6G vision network architecture air interface and transmission technologies space-air-ground-sea integrated network all spectra artificial intelligence network security

Ethics of Foundation Models in Computational Pathology: Overview of Contemporary Issues and Future Implications

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IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Du, Rui Fei Carbonell, Eduard Lloret Huang, Jiaxuan Liu, Sheng Wang, Xiaohang Shen, Dinggang Ke, Jing Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai200240 China Dulwich College Shanghai Shanghai201111 China Tongji University School of Medicine Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Shanghai200434 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology Ren Ji Hospital Shanghai200127 China ShanghaiTech University School of Biomedical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices Shanghai201203 China Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center Shanghai200231 China Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co. Ltd Shanghai201807 China University of New South Wales School of Computer Science and Engineering SydneyNSW2052 Australia

Artificial intelligence (AI) has profoundly transformed our lives, reshaping industries and impacting nearly every aspect of society over the past few decades. It has recently become even more influential, primarily due to the rise of foundation models representing a new paradigm in AI development. These models, characterized by their large-scale training on vast datasets, have unique capabilities such as emergence and transference, enabling them to generalize across diverse tasks. Since their introduction, foundation models have been increasingly applied in fields such as autonomous driving, computer vision, marketing, finance, industrial robotics, and healthcare. Pathologists worldwide use computational methods to analyze diseases that profoundly impact human well-being, including cancer diagnosis and staging, genetic mutation prediction, and treatment and prognosis forecasting. In this article, we discuss how, despite the promise of foundation models in various applications, their development and application in computational pathology remain challenging due to inherent characteristics such as emergence, homogenization, hallucination, transference, compositionality, and explainability. While powerful, these traits introduce numerous ethical concerns and challenges, impacting safety and reliability, patient privacy, accountability, and equity and fairness in healthcare access. We examine these ethical issues, focusing on key concerns like algorithmic discrimination and misuse, accuracy, privacy breaches, transparency, public accessibility, and accountability. Furthermore, potential solutions to these challenges are analyzed, offering future perspectives on promoting the development and application of more ethical AI and foundation models in computational pathology. These insights aim to guide foundation models toward responsible integration of AI in healthcare. © 2025 Institute of electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Diseases

Hybrid Reinforcement Learning-Based Eco-Driving Strategy for Connected and Automated Vehicles at Signalized Intersections

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Bai, Zhengwei Hao, Peng Shangguan, Wei Cai, Baigen Barth, Matthew J. The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California at Riverside RiversideCA92507 United States The Center for Environmental Research and Technology University of California at Riverside RiversideCA92507 United States The State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety The Beijing Engineering Research Center of EMC GNSS Technology for Rail Transportation School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China

Taking advantage of both vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication and automated driving technology, connected and automated vehicles are quickly becoming one of the transformative solutions to many transportation problems. However, in a mixed traffic environment at signalized intersections, it is still a challenging task to improve overall throughput and energy efficiency considering the complexity and uncertainty in the traffic system. In this study, we proposed a hybrid reinforcement learning (HRL) framework which combines the rule-based strategy and the deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) to support connected eco-driving at signalized intersections in mixed traffic. vision-perceptive methods are integrated with vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications to achieve higher mobility and energy efficiency in mixed connected traffic. The HRL framework has three components: a rule-based driving manager that operates the collaboration between the rule-based policies and the RL policy;a multi-stream neural network that extracts the hidden features of vision and V2I information;and a deep RL-based policy network that generate both longitudinal and lateral eco-driving actions. In order to evaluate our approach, we developed a Unity-based simulator and designed a mixed-traffic intersection scenario. Moreover, several baselines were implemented to compare with our new design, and numerical experiments were conducted to test the performance of the HRL model. The experiments show that our HRL method can reduce energy consumption by 12.70% and save 11.75% travel time when compared with a state-of-the-art model-based Eco-Driving approach. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Reinforcement learning