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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： S.M. Yamany A.A. Farag Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

A novel integrated system is developed to obtain a record of the patient's occlusion using computer vision. Data acquisition is obtained using intra-oral video camera. A modified Shape from Shading (SFS) technique using perspective projection and camera calibration is then used to extract accurate 3D information from a sequence of 2D images of the jaw. A novel technique for 3D data registration using Grid Closest Point (GCP) transform and genetic algorithms (GA) is used to register the output of the SFS stage. Triangulization is then performed, and a solid 3D model is obtained via a rapid prototype machine. The overall purpose of this research is to develop a model-based vision system for orthodontics that will replace traditional approaches and can be used in diagnosis, treatment planning, surgical simulation and implant purposes.

关键词： Humans Cameras computer vision Data acquisition Shape Calibration Data mining Genetic algorithms Solid modeling Prototypes

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Jigsaw puzzle solver using shape and color

Jigsaw puzzle solver using shape and color

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International Conference on Signal Processing Proceedings (ICSP)

作者： Min Gyo Chung M.M. Fleck D.A. Forsyth Multimedia Technology Research Laboratory Korea Telecom Seoul South Korea Department of Computer Science Harvey Mudd College Claremont CA USA Department of Electrical Engineering&Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley CA USA

The jigsaw puzzle assembly problem is significant in that it can be applied to diverse areas such as repair of broken objects, restoration of archaeological findings, molecular docking problem for drug design, etc. This paper describes a new pictorial jigsaw puzzle solver which, in contrast to previous apictorial jigsaw puzzle solvers, uses chromatic information as well as geometric shape. We develop three new puzzle assembly algorithms (TSP&Kbest-based, TSP&AP-based, and AP-based algorithm) and new boundary and color matching operation. We tested the new puzzle solver with 6 different sets of color puzzle pieces. Experimental results show that chromatic information greatly aids in seeking the solution to the jigsaw puzzle problem. It is also discovered that in terms of how rapidly each assembly algorithm reaches a solution, the TSP and Kbest-based algorithm is the best, followed by TSP and AP-based algorithm, and followed by AP-based algorithm.

关键词： Shape Assembly Cameras Application software computer vision Displays Feature extraction Telecommunications computer science Educational institutions

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The geometry of visual space distortion

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International Workshop on Algebraic Frames for the Perception and Action Cycle, AFPAC 1997

作者： Fermüller, Cornelia Cheong, Loong Fah Aloimonos, Yiannis Computer Vision Laboratory Center for Automation Research University of Maryland College ParkMD20742-3275 United States Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Singapore 10 Kent Ridge Crescent 119260 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)3540635173

The encounter of perception and action happens at the intermediate representations of space-time. In many of the computational models employed in the past, it has been assumed that a metric representation of physical space can be derived by visual means. Psychophysical experiments, as well as computational considerations, can convince us that the perception of space and shape has a much more complicated nature, and that only a distorted version of actual, physical space can be computed. This paper develops a computational geometric model that explains why such distortion might take place. The basic idea is that, both in stereo and motion, we perceive the world from multiple views. Given the rigid transformation between the views and the properties of the image correspondence, the depth of the scene can be obtained. Even a slight error in the rigid transformation parameters causes distortion of the computed depth of the scene. The unified framework introduced here describes this distortion in computational terms. We characterize the space of distortions by its level sets, that is, we characterize the systematic distortion via a family of iso-distortion surfaces which describes the locus over which depths are distorted by some multiplicative factor. Clearly, functions of the distorted space exhibiting some sort of invariance, produce desirable representations for biological and artificial systems [13]. Given that humans’ estimation of egomotion or estimation of the extrinsic parameters of the stereo apparatus is likely to be imprecise, the framework is used to explain a number of psychophysical experiments on the perception of depth from motion or stereo. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1997.

关键词： Geometry

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MoNiF: a modular neuro-fuzzy controller for race car navigation

MoNiF: a modular neuro-fuzzy controller for race car navigat...

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IEEE International Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation (CIRA)

作者： K.C. Ng R. Scorcioni M.M. Trivedi N. Lassiter Computer Vision and Robotics Research Laboratory Electrical anad Computer Engineering Department University of California San Diego CA USA

This paper characterizes how well the modular neuro-fuzzy controller, MoNiF, can perform in robotic applications by testing it in a race-car simulator. The performance of this controller is compared with that of a neural network controller (NNC) and the best programmed car (the ideal car). During the phase of learning from the ideal car, MoNiF reaches its stable performance (when it demonstrates good control) at lap 300; while the NNC requires 700 laps. Without further learning and when competing in the same learning track, MoNiF completes 20 laps of the track about 24 seconds later than the ideal car but 29 second ahead of the NNC car. However, when they all are competing in different unfamiliar tracks, MoNiF performs comparably to the ideal car, while NNC has completely lost its ability to drive. Observing the behaviors of NNC and MoNiF, we conclude that MoNiF learns to refine the output of expert rules and thus can drive in most tracks. Meanwhile NNC learns to drive in a particular track but loses its generality for other tracks. It is shown that this modular control method, equipped with the pretrained knowledge of only few simple expert rules, learns much faster than a NNC without any apriori knowledge.

关键词： Navigation Neural networks computer vision Robot vision systems Application software computer simulation Target tracking Laboratories Performance evaluation Testing

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3D reconstruction of the human jaw from a sequence of images

3D reconstruction of the human jaw from a sequence of images

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Conference on computer vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： M. Ahmed S. Yamany E. Hemayed S. Ahmed S. Roberts A. Farag Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

A novel approach is proposed to obtain a record of the patient's occlusion using computer vision. Data acquisition is obtained using intra-oral video cameras. The technique utilizes shape from shading to extract 3D information from 2D views of the jaw, and a novel technique for 3D data registration using genetic algorithms. The resulting 3D model can be used for diagnosis, treatment planning, and implant purposes. The overall purpose of this research is to develop a model-based vision system for orthodontics to replace traditional approaches. This system will be flexible, accurate, and will reduce the cost of orthodontic treatments.

关键词： Image reconstruction Humans computer vision Data acquisition Cameras Shape Data mining Genetic algorithms Implants Machine vision

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A fast and accurate 3-D rangefinder using the Biris technology: the TRID sensor

A fast and accurate 3-D rangefinder using the Biris technolo...

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International Conference on 3D Imaging, Modeling, Processing, Visualization and Transmission (3DIMPVT)

作者： F. Loranger D. Laurendeau R. Houde Computer Vision and Systems Laboratory (CVSL) Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Laval University QUE Canada Robotics Division Hydro-Quebec Research Institute (IREQ) Varennes Canada

In many industrial applications such as autonomous vehicle guidance and robotic manipulations, reliable 3-D informations must be extracted from the scene in order to provide a robust description of the environment in which the system evolves. This paper presents the TRID sensor, a simple, fast, robust and accurate 3-D sensing device based on the Biris technology. TRID is limited to a lateral resolution of one point. Experimental results show that an accuracy better than 0.15% can be obtained for the depth component (Z) of 3-D points at a distance of 1.3 meter from a wooden black painted beam surface with an acquisition rate of 8.5 points/s.

关键词： Robot vision systems Robustness computer vision Application software Robot kinematics Layout Cameras computer industry Costs Geometrical optics

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Multisensor integration for scene classification: an experiment in human form detection

Multisensor integration for scene classification: an experim...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： S. Shah J.K. Aggarwal J. Eledath J. Ghosh Computer and Vision Research Center Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA University of Texas at Austin Austin TX US Laboratory for Artificial Neural Systems Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA

This paper presents a system for classification of scenes using a multisensor integration framework. Indoor scenes are imaged using a visual and an infrared sensor and the images processed in three stages to perform classification of sensed objects into two classes: human and background. Finally, information from individual classifiers is integrated in order to obtain an improved classification performance. Details of feature extraction and classification using neural network combining a multi-Bayesian framework are presented. Segmentation of the imaged scene is performed using existing techniques such as texture analysis and histogram modeling. Classification results on real-world data are presented. The system represents a first step in the development of improved, robust classifiers based on the concepts of neural networks and multisensor integration.

关键词： Layout Neural networks Infrared sensors Humans Feature extraction Image segmentation Image analysis Image texture analysis Performance analysis Histograms

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REVIEW ■ : Prospects for a Visual Prosthesis

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The Neuroscientist 1997年第4期3卷 251 - 262页

作者： Joseph F. Rizzo John Wyatt Keck Neural Prosthesis Center Department of Ophthalmology Keck Neural Prosthesis Center Research Laboratory of Electronics Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts

Diseases of the retina and optic nerve are common causes of irreversible blindness. Given the lack of effective treatments, several laboratories are utilizing microelectronic technology to develop either a cortical or retinal prosthesis. Each strategy offers certain advantages, but both face numerous and formidable chal lenges. Consequently, a clinically useful device of either type is still conceptual. The technological means to build prostheses are available, but the ultimate obstacle is the integration of the technology with the brain. This article reviews achievements of the ongoing efforts and focuses on our project to develop a retinal prosthesis. NEUROSCIENTIST 3:251-262, 1997

关键词： KEY WORDS vision Prosthesis Retina Visual cortex Blindness electrical stimulation

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The FERET evaluation methodology for face-recognition algorithms

The FERET evaluation methodology for face-recognition algori...

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Conference on computer vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： P.J. Phillips Hyeonjoon Moon P. Rauss S.A. Rizvi AMSlU-SE-SE US Army Research Laboratory Adelphi MD USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering State University of New York University at Buffalo Amherst NY USA Department of Applied Sciences University of New York Staten Island NY USA

Two of the most critical requirements in support of producing reliable face-recognition systems are a large database of facial images and a testing procedure to evaluate systems. The Face Recognition Technology (FERET) program has addressed both issues through the FERET database of facial images and the establishment of the FERET tests. To date, 14,126 images from 1199 individuals are included in the FERET database, which is divided into development and sequestered portions. In September 1996, the FERET program administered the third in a series of FERET face-recognition tests. The primary objectives of the third test were to (1) assess the state of the art, (2) identify future areas of research, and (3) measure algorithm performance on large databases.

关键词： Testing Image databases Face recognition Laboratories computer vision Image recognition Powders Milling machines Military computing Data engineering

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High-speed extraction of 3D structure of selectable quality using a translating camera

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computer vision AND IMAGE UNDERSTANDING 1996年第1期64卷 97-110页

作者： Dalmia, AK Trivedi, M Computer Vision and Robotics Research Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department The University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996-2100

In this paper we present a computational approach for extracting three-dimensional structure of controllable resolution, depth of field, and accuracy, all made available at real-time speeds, This approach utilizes the spatial and the temporal gradients of the streams of images acquired using an actively controlled camera, Depending on the requirements of a particular task, appropriate parameters such as disparity value sought, interframe camera displacement, and number of frames in a stream are chosen to control the resolution, depth of field, and accuracy, The acquisition and processing of the image stream are done in real time on a pipeline architecture based processor. Extensive experiments are presented to demonstrate the system's accuracy, controllability of depth of field and resolution, and ability to perform successfully in a variety of scenes. The system operated with no latency between image acquisition and processing. The total acquisition and processing time in these experiments is in the range from 0.27 to 1.56 s. The depth results have an accuracy of 85% to 92%. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.

关键词： computer vision

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