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Satellite Data Compression, Communication, and processing V

作者： Chang, Chein-I Wu, Chao-Cheng Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819477453

Endmember extraction has recently received considerable attention in hyperspectral data exploitation since they represent crucial and vital information for hyperspectral data analysis. So far, no work has been reported on how to implement endmember extraction algorithms in real-time. An endmember is defined as an idealized signature and may or may not exist as a data sample or an image pixel. The interest of endmember extraction arises in the use of hundreds of contiguous spectral channels that allows a hyperspectral imaging sensor to uncover many subtle substances in diagnostic bands. However, finding such substances also presents a great challenge to hyperspectral data analysts and becomes imperative when it comes to satellite communication if a hyperspectral imaging sensor is operated in space platform where bandwidths used by satellite links may be very limited and downloading all the data may not be realistic in many practical applications. In order to address this need many endmember extraction algorithms have been developed and designed in the past, but no work has been reported on how to implement endmember extraction algorithms in real-time. This paper investigates this issue in designing algorithms for real time processing of endmember extraction and developed several endmember extraction algorithms derived from the widely used N-finder algorithm (NFINDR) that can be implemented in real time. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Space platforms

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Hyperspectral information compression

Hyperspectral information compression

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Satellite Data Compression, Communication, and processing V

作者： Chang, Chein-I Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819477453

This paper investigates a new concept, called Hyperpsectral Information Compression (HIC) as opposed to Hyperspectral Data Compression (HDC) commonly used in the literature. A key feature that differentiates the HIC from the HDC is its focus on compression of information rather than data size. Such information compression is completely determined by a specific application in data exploitation. Accordingly, the HIC can be also referred to as exploitationbased compression. In order to substantiate the utility of the HIC, experiments are conducted to demonstrate that the HIC is indeed more effective than traditional HDC. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Data compression

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Mixed projection pursuit-based dimensionality reduction

Mixed projection pursuit-based dimensionality reduction

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Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral imagery XV

作者： Safavi, Haleh Chang, Chein-I Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819476005

Projection Pursuit (PP) is a component transform technique which seeks a component whose projection vector points to a direction of interestingness in data space which can be specified by a Projection Index (PI). Two most popular component analysis-based techniques, Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Independent Component Analysis (ICA) can be considered as special cases with their PIs specified by data variance and statistical independency *** the fact that various component analysis-based techniques have been used for Dimensionality Reduction (DR) the components are generally generated by a specific technique. Even in the case of PP, the same PI has been used to generate project components. This paper explores the utility of PP in DR where various projection indexes are used for DR in context of PP. It further lays out a general setting for PP-based DR and develops algorithms to perform one dimension reduction at a time by using different PIs. In order to substantiate our findings, experiments are conducted to demonstrate advantages of the PP with mixed PIs-based DR over traditional PCA-based, ICA-based and PP-based DR techniques.©2009 SPIE.

关键词： Principal component analysis

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Causal pixel purity index (PPI)

Causal pixel purity index (PPI)

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Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral imagery XV

作者： Wu, Chao-Cheng Chang, Chein-I Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819476005

Pixel Purity Index (PPI) has been widely used in endmember extraction. While it is available in ENVI software there are several interesting issues arising in its implementation. This paper re-invents the wheel by re-visiting the design rationale of the PPI and re-designing algorithms to implement PPI. More specifically, it develops the so-called Causal PPI (CPPI) which implements the PPI in a causal manner in the sense that the information used for data processing is only up to the data sample currently being visited. If the time required for computer processing is negligible, the CPPI actually becomes a real time PPI. The proposed CPPI can be implemented automatically and resolves the main issue of requiring human intervention to determine parameters.©2009 SPIE.

关键词： Pixels

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Soft decision-made hyperspectral measures for target discrimination and classification

Soft decision-made hyperspectral measures for target discrim...

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Imaging Spectrometry XIV

作者： Wu, Chao-Cheng Chang, Chein-I Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819477477

Many hyperspectral measures such as Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM), Euclidean Distance (ED), Spectral Information Divergence (SID) calculate values that can be used to measure the closeness between two hyperspectral signatures in terms of spectral similarity. When a hyperspectral measure is used for target discrimination or classification, a commonly used approach assigns a data sample to a spectral signature with the maximum spectral similarity or a class whose mean is most similar to its spectral signature. As a result, such a hyperspectral measure is called a hard decision hyperspectral measure and its performance is evaluated by its confusion matrix. This paper develops a new class of hyperspectral measures, called soft-decision hyperspectral measures which use the similarity value between a data sample and a target signature or a class as an indicator of the likelihood of the data sample assigned to this particular signature or class instead of signature or class map resulting from hard decisions. In order for a soft-decision to perform target discrimination or classification, the soft-decision hyperspectral measure-generated likelihood values are normalized to probabilities so that a threshold can be used to make hard decisions via a recently developed 3D ROC analysis. Experimental study demonstrates that these two approaches yield different results. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Progressive dimensionality reduction for hyperspectral imagery

Progressive dimensionality reduction for hyperspectral image...

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Satellite Data Compression, Communication, and processing V

作者： Safavi, Haleh Liu, Keng-Hao Chang, Chein-I Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819477453

This paper develops to a new concept, called Progressive Dimensionality Reduction (PDR) which can perform data dimensionality progressive in terms of information preservation. Two procedures can be designed to perform PDR in a forward or backward manner, referred to forward PDR (FPDR) or backward PDR (BPDR) respectively where FPDR starts with a minimum number of spectral-transformed dimensions and increases the spectral-transformed dimension progressively as opposed to BPDR begins with a maximum number of spectral-transformed dimensions and decreases the spectral-transformed dimension progressively. Both procedures are terminated when a stopping rule is satisfied. In order to carry out DR in a progressive manner, DR must be prioritized in accordance with significance of information so that the information after DR can be either increased progressively by FPDR or decreased progressively by BPDR. To accomplish this task, Projection Pursuit (PP)-based DR techniques are further developed where the Projection Index (PI) designed to find a direction of interestingness is used to prioritize directions of Projection Index Components (PICs) so that the DR can be performed by retaining PICs with high priorities via FPDR or BPDR. In the context of PDR, two well-known component analysis techniques, Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) can be considered as its special cases when they are used for DR. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Principal component analysis

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An inventory of potentially habitable environments on Mars: Geological and biological perspectives

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Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 2011年 483卷 317-347页

作者： Dohm, J.M. Miyamoto, H. Ori, G.G. Fairén, A.G. Davila, A.F. Komatsu, G. Mahaney, W.C. Williams, J.-P. Joye, S.B. Di Achille, G. Oehler, D.Z. Marzo, G.A. Schulze-Makuch, D. Acocella, V. Glamoclija, M. Pondrelli, M. Boston, P. Hart, K.M. Anderson, R.C. Baker, V.R. Fink, W. Kelleher, B.P. Furfaro, R. Gross, C. Hare, T.M. Frazer, A.R. Ip, F. Allen, C.C.R. Kim, K.J. Maruyama, S. McGuire, P.C. Netoff, D. Parnell, J. Wendt, L. Wheelock, S.J. Steele, A. Hancock, R.G.V. Havics, R.A. Costa, P. Krinsley, D. Department of Hydrology and Water Resources University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States University Museum Tokyo Japan International Research School of Planetary Sciences Università d'Annunzio Pescara Italy Space Sciences and Astrobiology Division National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center Moffett Field CA United States SETI Institute Mountain View CA United States Planetary Exploration Research Center Chiba Institute of Technology Chiba Japan Quaternary Surveys Toronto ON Canada Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA United States Ashima Research Pasadena CA United States Department of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens GA United States Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder CO United States Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science NASA Johnson Space Center Houston TX United States Bay Area Environmental Research Institute Sonoma CA United States School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Washington State University Pullman WA United States Dipartimento Science Geologiche Università Roma Tre Rome Italy Geophysical Laboratory Carnegie Institution of Washington Carnegie WA United States Department of Earth and Environmental Science New Mexico Tech Socorro NM United States School of Chemical Sciences Dublin City University Dublin Ireland Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA United States Division of Physics Mathematics and Astronomy California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA United States Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Biomedical Engineering University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Institute of Geological Sciences-Planetary Sciences and Remote Sensing Freie Universität Berlin Malteserstrasse Berlin Germany U.S. Geological Survey Flagstaff

ISBN: (纸本)9780813724836

On Earth, biology, hydrology, and geology are interlinked such that certain types of life are often associated with specifi c conditions, including rock type, pressure, temperature, and chemistry. Life on Earth has established itself in diverse and extreme niches, presenting the possibility that Mars, too, may hold records of fossilized and/or extant life in diverse environments. Geologic, paleohydrologic, and climatic conditions through the evolution of Mars are similar in many respects to conditions occurring during the evolution of Earth and, as such, may point to environments on Mars with potential to have supported living systems. Here, we discuss examples of those Martian settings. Such extraterrestrial environments should be targeted by international robotic and/or manned missions to explore potential fossilized or extant life on Mars. © 2011 Geological Society of America.

关键词： Geology

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Comparison of basis-vector selection methods for structural modeling of hyperspectral imagery

Comparison of basis-vector selection methods for structural ...

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Imaging Spectrometry XIV

作者： Peña-Ortega, Carolina Vélez-Reyes, Miguel Computer Engineering Department Laboratory for Applied Remote Sensing and Image Processing Electrical University of Puerto Rico Mayagüez Campus P.O.Box 3535 Mayagüez PR 00681-3535 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819477477

This paper presents a comparison of different methods for structural modeling of hyperspectral imagery for target detection. We study structured models, based on linear subspaces and convex polyhedral cones, and their application for target detection. Different training methods are studied: Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is used for subspace modeling, and Maximum Distance (MaxD) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) for convex polyhedral modeling. We study different detectors based on orthogonal and oblique projections for subspace and convex polyhedral cones and evaluate their performance. Experimental results using HYDICE imagery are presented. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Singular value decomposition

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Real-time processing of simplex growing algorithm

Real-time processing of simplex growing algorithm

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2009 IEEE International Geoscience and remote sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2009

作者： Wu, Chao-Cheng Chang, Chein-I. Ren, Husen Chang, Yang Lang Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 United States Department of Electrical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research National Central University Jhong-Li Tao-Yuan Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424433957

Simplex growing algorithm (SGA) was recently developed as an alternative to the N-finder algorithm (N-FINDR) which is shown to be a promising endmember extraction technique. This paper further extends the SGA to a real-time processing algorithm, referred to as real-time SGA (RT SGA) that can effectively address four major issues arising in practical implementation for N-FINDR, (1) use of random initial endmembers which causes inconsistent final results, (2) very high computational complexity which results from an exhaustive search for finding all endmembers simultaneously, (3) requirement of dimensionality reduction because of enormous data volumes to be processed and (4) lack of real-time capability. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Extraction

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Spectral derivative feature coding for hyperspectral signature analysis

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Pattern Recognition 2009年第3期42卷 395-408页

作者： Chang, Chein-I Chakravarty, Sumit Chen, Hsian-Min Ouyang, Yen-Chieh Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 United States Department of Electrical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Environmental Restoration and Disaster Reduction Research Center National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Radiology China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan

This paper presents a new approach to hyperspectral signature analysis, called spectral derivative feature coding (SDFC). It is derived from texture features used in texture classification to dictate gradient changes among adjacent bands in characterizing spectral variations so as to improve better spectral discrimination and classification. In order to evaluate its performance, two known binary coding methods, spectral analysis manager (SPAM) and spectral feature-based binary coding (SFBC) are used to conduct comparative analysis. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SDFC performs more effectively in capturing spectral characteristics than do SPAM and SFBC. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spectrum analysis

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