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Multi-modal medical volumes fusion by surface matching

Multi-modal medical volumes fusion by surface matching

引用

5th International Symposium on Signal processing and Its Applications, ISSPA 1999

作者： Eldeib, Ayman M. Yamany, Sameh M. Farag, Aly Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory University of Louisville Department of Electrical Engineering Louisville KY 40292 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1864354518

Presents a fast, six degrees of freedom, registration technique to accurately locate the position and orientation of medical volumes (e.g. CT, MRI) with respect to each other for the same patient. The technique uses surface registration and maximization of mutual information. We have developed a novel technique for surface registration which produces highly accurate results when registering two different volumes of the same individual generated from the same modality, such as preoperative MR and intraoperative MR volumes. In case surface registration is not able to accurately register the different volumes, the result is enhanced by multi-modal volume registration. The gain of this combination is to have an accurate alignment and to reduce time needed for registration. For the multi-modal volume registration, the maximization of mutual information (MI) as a matching criterion is used based on genetic algorithms (GA) as a search engine. Our results demonstrate that our registration technique allows for fast, accurate, robust and completely automatic registration of multimodality medical volumes. © 1999 IEEE.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Microwave engineering design laboratories: C-band rail SAR and doppler radar systems

Microwave engineering design laboratories: C-band rail SAR a...

引用

1999 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, APSURSI 1999

作者： Jensen, Michael A. Arnold, David V. Crockett, Donald E. Microwave Earth Remote Sensing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Brigham Young University ProvoUT84602 United States

ISBN: (纸本)078035639X

National trends appear to indicate that student and faculty interest in electromagnetic principles and practices is waning. Ironically, given the current industrial emphasis on high-frequency communications, high-speed computational systems, and high-bandwidth interconnection requirements, we find ourselves in a situation where increasing numbers of engineers need to have a grasp of high-frequency fundamentals. To address this need, we have refocused the electromagnetic teaching laboratories in the electrical and computer engineering department at Brigham Young University to provide students with relevant, motivational design experiences with microwave systems. Our current laboratories are based on a 6 GHz Doppler radar in our junior-level course, and a 6 GHz synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in the senior-level course. These laboratories focus on taking students through the entire design process, beginning with system-level engineering and moving through computer-aided design, fabrication, and testing. Because the end product is a functional, useful system, students can directly see the relevance of the experience as well as the associated theory taught in the accompanying course. © 1999 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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Fully constrained least-squares based linear unmixing [hyperspectral image classification]

Fully constrained least-squares based linear unmixing [hyper...

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and remote sensing (IGARSS)

作者： D. Heinz C.-I. Chang M.L.G. Althouse Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore MD USA

A fully constrained least-squares linear unmixing approach to hyperspectral image classification is presented. It is derived from an unconstrained least-squares based orthogonal subspace projection. It is similar to a method developed by Shimabukuro and Smith (1991) in the least-squares sense, but significantly different from their method in the way of implementing the constraints. Since there is no closed form solution available, an efficient algorithm is developed for finding a fully constrained solution, which can be viewed as a generalization of Shimabukuro and Smith's method. The effectiveness of this algorithm is demonstrated through computer simulations and real data experiments.

关键词： Vectors Subspace constraints Pixel image processing Equations Hyperspectral imaging remote sensing Signal processing Laboratories computer science

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Linearly constrained minimum variance beamforming approach to target detection and classification for hyperspectral imagery

Linearly constrained minimum variance beamforming approach t...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and remote sensing (IGARSS)

作者： Chein-I Chang Hsuan Ren Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore MD USA

Subspace projection and maximum likelihood have been used for hyperspectral image classification. One of their disadvantages is the requirement of a priori knowledge about material signatures resident in images which may be difficult to obtain in many practical applications. In order to resolve this problem, an approach, called Constrained Energy Minimization (CEM) was developed for target detection where the only required knowledge is the target signature of interest. It was derived based on the Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) in array processing. However, CEM has been also shown to be very sensitive to the knowledge being used to describe the target signature. This paper develops a more general approach, called Linearly Constrained Minimum Variance (LCMV) beamforming which includes CEM as a special case. Unlike CEM which considers a single constraint, LCMV uses multiple signatures to extend the capability of CEM to various target classification. More specifically, LCMV can be implemented as an estimator for target classification while CEM can be used as a detector for target detection.

关键词： Array signal processing Object detection Finite impulse response filter Hyperspectral sensors Hyperspectral imaging Nonlinear filters image classification Vectors Power generation Layout

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Spectral information divergence for hyperspectral image analysis

Spectral information divergence for hyperspectral image anal...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and remote sensing (IGARSS)

作者： Chein-I Chang Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA

The authors propose an information theoretic criterion, called spectral information divergence (SID) for spectral similarity and discriminability. It is derived from the concept of divergence arising in information theory and can be used to describe the statistics of a spectrum. Unlike spectral angle mapper (SAM) which extracts geometric features between two spectra, SID views each pixel spectrum as a random variable and then measures the discrepancy of probabilistic behaviors between two spectra. In order to evaluate SID, SAM is used for comparison via hyperspectral data. Experimental results show that SID can characterise spectral similarity and variability more effectively than SAM.

关键词： Hyperspectral imaging image analysis Hyperspectral sensors Random variables remote sensing Information theory Pixel Data mining Interference Pattern classification

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An interference rejection-based radial basis function neural network for hyperspectral image classification

An interference rejection-based radial basis function neural...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Qian Du Chein-I Chang Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA

A new application for RBF neural networks in nonlinear mixed pixel classification for hyperspectral imaging is presented. It is a three-layer neural network with the input layer specified by spectral signatures of a mixed pixel vector, the hidden layer used for nonlinear mixing functions and the output layer used to produce classification results of the mixed pixel vector. A noise estimation method in conjunction with noise subspace projection is developed to reliably estimate the member of mixing materials plus interference signatures that can be used as the number of hidden nodes as well as the member of input nodes. The least-mean-square learning algorithm is applied to adjust parameters used in the hidden layer and weights of the output layers adaptively and simultaneously so as to achieve best possible performance. The performance is evaluated through a series of experiments via AVIRIS data. A comparative analysis is also conducted among various methods.

关键词： Interference Radial basis function networks Hyperspectral imaging Hyperspectral sensors Pixel image classification remote sensing Laboratories image sensors Spectroscopy

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Normalization of NEXRAD antenna gain for overlapping radars

Normalization of NEXRAD antenna gain for overlapping radars

引用

1999 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, APSURSI 1999

作者： Boustany, Sami Jones, W. Linwood Kasparis, Takis Central Florida Remote Sensing Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Central Florida PO Box 162450 OrlandoFL32816-2450 United States

ISBN: (纸本)078035639X

The NOAA National Weather Service operates a network of NEXRAD Doppler meteorological radars to measure severe weather, and precipitation is inferred from the volume scattering from hydrometeors. The NEXRAD, WSR-88D radar, is a calibrated system that measures absolute volume reflectivity (dBZ). A geophysical algorithm is used to relate rainfall intensity to the measured dBZ. The NEXRAD system comprises overlapping radars to provide nearly complete coverage over the continental US. After installation and certification, absolute radar calibration for the NEXRAD is maintained by a loop-back calibration that samples the transmitter through a known attenuation into the receiver and processor;however there is no provision to recalibrate the antenna gain and radome losses. Without an external calibration any NEXRAD may have biases that can cause significant errors in the precipitation products. The problem of combining multiple radars to provide extended coverage is not new. This paper presents an improved method that uses low-elevation radar reflectivity scans of precipitation events taken asynchronously in time. It is applied to two NEXRAD radars located in Melbourne (KMLB) and Miami (KAMX), Florida. Reflectivity data analyzed for two precipitation events indicate consistent, time-invariant dBZ biases. © 1999 IEEE.

关键词： Meteorological radar

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Multi-modal medical volumes fusion by surface matching

Multi-modal medical volumes fusion by surface matching

引用

International Symposium on Signal processing and Its Applications (ISSPA)

作者： A.M. Eldeib S.M. Yamany A. Farag Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

关键词： Biomedical imaging Medical diagnostic imaging Computed tomography Mutual information Magnetic resonance imaging Data mining Magnetic resonance Genetic algorithms Shape computer vision

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Free-form surface registration using surface signatures

Free-form surface registration using surface signatures

引用

International Conference on computer Vision (ICCV)

作者： S.M. Yamany A.A. Farag Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Electrical Engineering Department University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

The paper introduces a new free-form surface representation scheme for the purpose of fast and accurate registration and matching. Accurate registration of surfaces is a common task in computer vision. The proposed representation scheme captures the surface curvature information seen from certain points and produces images called surface signatures at these points. Matching signatures of different surfaces enables the recovery of the transformation parameters between these surfaces. We propose to use template matching to compare the signature images. To enable partial matching, another criterion, the overlap ratio, is used. This representation scheme can be used as a global representation of the surface as well as a local one and performs near real time registration. We show that the signature representation can be used to match objects in 3D scenes in the presence of clutter and occlusion. Applications presented include free-form object matching, multimodal medical volume registration and dental teeth reconstruction from intra-oral images.

关键词： Shape computer vision Surface reconstruction Application software Biomedical imaging image processing Layout Dentistry Teeth image reconstruction

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On the robustness of vector set partitioning image coders to bit errors

On the robustness of vector set partitioning image coders to...

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： D. Mukherjee S.K. Mitra Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

A vector enhancement of Said and Pearlman's Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) methodology, named VSPIHT has recently been proposed for embedded wavelet image compression. A major advantage of vector based embedded coding with fixed length VQs over scalar embedded coding, is its superior robustness to noise. In this work we show that vector set partitioning can effectively alter the balance of bits in the bit stream so that significantly fewer critical bits carrying significant information is transmitted, thereby improving inherent noise resilience. Additionally, the degradation in reconstruction quality caused by errors in non-critical quantization information, can be reduced by appropriate VQ indexing, or designing channel optimized VQs for the successive refinement systems. For very noisy channels unequal error protection to the critical and non critical bits with either block codes or convolution codes are used. Extensive simulation results are presented.

关键词： image coding Noise robustness Streaming media Resilience Degradation image reconstruction Quantization Indexing Design optimization Error correction codes

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