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Thread-aware adaptive prefetcher on multicore systems: Improving the performance for multithreaded workloads

Thread-aware adaptive prefetcher on multicore systems: Impro...

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作者： Liu, Peng Yu, Jiyang Huang, Michael C. College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Wuxi214125 China Department of Shannon Lab. Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. Hangzhou310051 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester RochesterNY14627-0231 United States

Most processors employ hardware data prefetching techniques to hide memory access latencies. However, the prefetching requests from different threads on a multicore processor can cause severe interference with prefetching and/or demand requests of others. The data prefetching can lead to significant performance degradation due to shared resource contention on shared memory multicore systems. This article proposes a thread-aware data prefetching mechanism based on low-overhead runtime information to tune prefetching modes and aggressiveness, mitigating the resource contention in the memory system. Our solution has three new components: (1) a self-tuning prefetcher that uses runtime feedback to dynamically adjust data prefetching modes and arguments of each thread, (2) a filtering mechanism that informs the hardware about which prefetching request can cause shared data invalidation and should be discarded, and (3) a limiter thread acceleration mechanism to estimate and accelerate the critical thread which has the longest completion time in the parallel region of execution. On a set of multithreaded parallel benchmarks, our thread-aware data prefetchingmechanism improves the overall performance of 64-core system by 13% over a multimode prefetch baseline system with two-level cache organization and conventional modified, exclusive, shared, and invalid-based directory coherence *** compare our approach with the feedback directed prefetching technique and find that it provides 9% performance improvement on multicore systems, while saving the memory bandwidth consumption.

关键词： Benchmarking

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SCI networking for shared-memory computing in UPC: blueprints of the GASNet SCI conduit

SCI networking for shared-memory computing in UPC: blueprint...

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Conference on Local computer Networks (LCN)

作者： H. Su B. Gordon S. Oral A. George High-performance Computing and Simulation (HCS) Research Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

Unified Parallel C (UPC) is a programming model for shared-memory parallel computing on shared- and distributed-memory systems. The Berkeley UPC software, which operates on top of their Global Addressing Space Networking (GASNet) communication system, is a portable, high-performance implementation of UPC for large-scale clusters. The Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI), a torus-based system-area network (SAN), is known for its ability to provide very low latency transfers as well as its direct support for both shared-memory and message-passing communications. High-speed clusters constructed around SCI promise to he a potent platform for large-scale UPC applications. This work introduces the design of the core API for the new SCI conduit for GASNet and UPC, which is based on active messages (AM). Latency and bandwidth data were collected and are compared with raw SCI results and with other existing GASNet conduits. The outcome shows that the new GASNet SCI conduit is able to provide promising performance in support of UPC applications.

关键词： computer networks Intelligent networks ISO standards Concurrent computing Delay Distributed computing Parallel programming Parallel processing Large-scale systems Programming profession

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Eyebrow shape-based features for biometric recognition and gender classification: A feasibility study

Eyebrow shape-based features for biometric recognition and g...

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IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)

作者： Yujie Dong Damon L. Woodard Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clemson University USA Biometrics and Pattern Recognition Lab School of Computing Clemson University USA

A wide variety of applications in forensic, government, and commercial fields require reliable personal identification. However, the recognition performance is severely affected when encountering non-ideal images caused by motion blur, poor contrast, various expressions, or illumination artifacts. In this paper, we investigated the use of shape-based eyebrow features under non-ideal imaging conditions for biometric recognition and gender classification. We extracted various shape-based features from the eyebrow images and compared three different classification methods: Minimum Distance Classifier (MD), Linear Discriminant Analysis Classifier (LDA) and Sup- port Vector Machine Classifier (SVM). The methods were tested on images from two publicly available facial im- age databases: The Multiple Biometric Grand Challenge (MBGC) database and the Face Recognition Grand Challenge (FRGC) database. Obtained recognition rates of 90% using the MBGC database and 75% using the FRGC database as well as gender classification recognition rates of 96% and 97% for each database respectively, suggests the shape-based eyebrow features maybe be used for bio- metric recognition and soft biometric classification.

关键词： Eyebrows Manuals Image resolution Image segmentation Measurement

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Rapid radio: A framework for human-assisted signal classification and receiver implementation

Rapid radio: A framework for human-assisted signal classific...

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IEEE National Conference on Aerospace and Electronics (NAECON)

作者： Jorge Surís Adolfo Recio Peter Athanas Configurable Computing Lab Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424444946

An analysis-based framework for the rapid development of a radio receiver for signals with unknown parameters is pro-posed, exploiting the reconfiguration capabilities of FPGAs. The framework guides a non-expert user through the process of signal classification and FPGA-based receiver implementation. System efficiency is traded off with implementation time in order to allow fast radio creation. A set of high-level transformations are applied to the unknown signal based on different hypothesis about the modulation scheme. The results of the transformations are presented to the user, who can steer the process of analysis. The parameters of the radio are then mapped by means of an Implementation Engine to modules implemented in a general purpose FPGA-based receiver.

关键词： Pattern classification Receivers Signal analysis Field programmable gate arrays Signal design Prototypes Graphical user interfaces Engines Data mining Phase modulation

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Experimental characterization of QoS in commercial Ethernet switches for statistically bounded latency in aircraft networks

Experimental characterization of QoS in commercial Ethernet ...

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Conference on Local computer Networks (LCN)

作者： A. Jacobs J. Wernicke S. Oral B. Gordon A. George High-performance Computing and Simulation (HCS) Research Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

Aircraft networks are used to service mission-critical avionics systems as well as cabin systems such as in-flight entertainment. These networks require that the switches used offer line-rate switching as well as bounded latency and jitter. Gigabit Ethernet offers an interesting replacement to traditional proprietary networks because of its high performance and low cost. We develop a framework for analyzing the abilities of Gigabit Ethernet switches to provide probabilistic guarantees for reliably low latency using quality of service (QoS) controls. From the perspective of control capabilities, management complexity, and implementation success we compare the strengths and weaknesses of three modern Ethernet switches. These switches exhibit a broad range of configuration options and are representative of the different levels of QoS implementation available today. We use the performance metrics of latency, jitter, and packet loss to characterize the success of a service policy. The results from a variety of network, load, and traffic scenarios are presented in terms of these metrics. Through the results, we are able to gain insight into the individual switch implementations of QoS.

关键词： Ethernet networks Switches Delay Aircraft Quality of service Aerospace electronics Jitter Mission critical systems Costs Measurement

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Simulative analysis of the RapidIO embedded interconnect architecture for real-time, network-intensive applications

Simulative analysis of the RapidIO embedded interconnect arc...

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Conference on Local computer Networks (LCN)

作者： D. Bueno A. Leko C. Conger I. Troxel A.D. George High-performance Computing and Simulation (HCS) Research Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

RapidIO is an emerging standard for switched interconnection of processors and boards in embedded systems. We use discrete-event simulation to evaluate and prototype RapidIO-based systems with respect to their performance in an environment targeted towards space-based radar applications. This application class makes an ideal test case for a RapidIO feasibility study due to high system throughput requirements and real-time processing constraints. Our results show that a baseline RapidIO system is well suited to space-based radar, providing significant improvements over typical bus-based architectures. Our results also show that extensions to the RapidIO protocol such as cut-through routing and transmitter-controlled flow-control would provide minimal performance improvements for the applications under study.

关键词： Analytical models Embedded system Discrete event simulation Virtual prototyping Radar applications System testing Throughput Real time systems Spaceborne radar Routing protocols

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A user-level multicast performance comparison of scalable coherent interface and Myrinet interconnects

A user-level multicast performance comparison of scalable co...

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Conference on Local computer Networks (LCN)

作者： S. Oral A.D. George Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering High-Performance Computing and Simulation (HCS) Research Lab University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

This paper compares and evaluates the multicast performance of two of the most widely deployed system-area networks (SANs), Dolphin's scalable coherent interface (SCI) and Myricom's Myrinet. Both networks deliver low latency and high bandwidth to applications, but do not support multicast in hardware. We compared SCI and Myrinet in terms of their user-level performance using various software-based multicast algorithms under various networking and multicasting scenarios. The strengths and weaknesses of each network are comparatively presented in terms of numerous metrics, such as multicast completion latency, CPU utilization, link concentration and concurrency.

关键词： Integrated circuit interconnections Concurrent computing Multicast algorithms Parallel processing Network topology Delay Hardware Multicast communication Workstations Supercomputers

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Shared Bodily Fusion: Leveraging Inter-Body electrical Muscle Stimulation for Social Play

Shared Bodily Fusion: Leveraging Inter-Body Electrical Muscl...

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2024 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference, DIS 2024

作者： Patibanda, Rakesh Overdevest, Nathalie Nisal, Shreyas Saini, Aryan Elvitigala, Don Samitha Knibbe, Jarrod van den Hoven, Elise Mueller, Florian Exertion Games Lab Department of Human-Centred Computing Monash University Melbourne Australia School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty of Engineering The University of Queensland St LuciaQLD Australia Materialising Memories & Visualisation Institute University of Technology Sydney Sydney Australia Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9798400705830

Traditional games like "Tag" rely on shared control via inter-body interactions (IBIs) – touching, pushing, and pulling – that foster emotional and social connection. Digital games largely limit IBIs, with players using their bodies as input to control virtual avatars instead. Our "Shared Bodily Fusion" approach addresses this by fusing players’ bodies through a mediating computer, creating a shared input and output system. We demonstrate this approach with "Hidden Touch", a game where a novel social electrical muscle stimulation system transforms touch (input) into muscle actuations (output), facilitating IBIs. Through a study (n=27), we identifed three player experience themes. Informed by these fndings and our design process, we mapped their trajectories across our three experiential spaces – threshold, tolerance, and precision – which collectively form our design framework. This framework facilitates the creation of future digital games where IBIs are intrinsic, ultimately promoting the many benefts of social play. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Muscle

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An unsupervised aspect detection model for sentiment analysis of reviews

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18th International Conference on Application of Natural Language to Information Systems, NLDB 2013

作者： Bagheri, Ayoub Saraee, Mohamad De Jong, Franciska Intelligent Database Data Mining and Bioinformatics Lab Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran School of Computing Science and Engineering University of Salford Manchester United Kingdom Human Media Interaction University of Twente P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783642388231

With the rapid growth of user-generated content on the internet, sentiment analysis of online reviews has become a hot research topic recently, but due to variety and wide range of products and services, the supervised and domain-specific models are often not practical. As the number of reviews expands, it is essential to develop an efficient sentiment analysis model that is capable of extracting product aspects and determining the sentiments for aspects. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised model for detecting aspects in reviews. In this model, first a generalized method is proposed to learn multi-word aspects. Second, a set of heuristic rules is employed to take into account the influence of an opinion word on detecting the aspect. Third a new metric based on mutual information and aspect frequency is proposed to score aspects with a new bootstrapping iterative algorithm. The presented bootstrapping algorithm works with an unsupervised seed set. Finally two pruning methods based on the relations between aspects in reviews are presented to remove incorrect aspects. The proposed model does not require labeled training data and can be applicable to other languages or domains. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model on a collection of product reviews dataset, where it outperforms other techniques. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Sentiment analysis

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Adverse effects of template-based warping on spatial FMRI analysis

Adverse effects of template-based warping on spatial FMRI an...

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Medical Imaging 2009: Biomedical Applications in Molecular, Structural, and Functional Imaging

作者： Ng, Bernard Abugharbieh, Rafeef McKeown, Martin J. Biomedical Signal and Image Computing Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada The University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780819475138

Conventional voxel-based group analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data typically requires warping each subject's brain images onto a common template to create an assumed voxel correspondence. The implicit assumption is that aligning the anatomical structures would correspondingly align the functional regions of the subjects. However, due to anatomical and functional inter-subject variability, mis-registration often occurs. Moreover, wholebrain warping is likely to distort the spatial patterns of activation, which have been shown to be important markers of task-related activation. To reduce the amount of mis-registration and distortions, warping at the brain region level has recently been proposed. In this paper, we investigate the effects of both whole-brain and region-level warping on the spatial patterns of activation statistics within certain regions of interests (ROIs). We have chosen to examine the bilateral thalami and cerebellar hemispheres during a bulb-squeezing experiment, as these regions are expected to incur taskrelated activation changes. Furthermore, the appreciable size difference between the thalamus and cerebellum allows for exploring the effects of warping on various ROI sizes. By applying our recently proposed 3D moment-based invariant spatial features to characterize the spatial pattern of fMRI activation statistics, we demonstrate that whole-brain warping generally reduced discriminability of task-related activation differences. Applying the same spatial analysis to ROIs warped at the region level showed some improvements over whole-brain warping, but warp-free analysis resulted in the best performance. We hence suggest that spatial analysis of fMRI data that includes spatial warping to a common space must be interpreted with caution. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Chemical activation

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