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A Clinician-Friendly Platform for Ophthalmic Image Analysis Without Technical Barriers

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Meng Lin, Tian Hou, Qingshan Lin, Aidi Wang, Jingcheng Peng, Qingsheng Nguyen, Truong X. Fang, Danqi Zou, Ke Xu, Ting Xue, Cancan Quek, Ten Cheer Yu, Qinkai Liu, Minxin Zhou, Hui Xiao, Zixuan He, Guiqin Liang, Huiyu Shi, Tingkun Chen, Man Liu, Linna Peng, Yuanyuan Wang, Lianyu Hu, Qiuming Chen, Junhong Zhang, Zhenhua Chen, Cheng Zhao, Yitian Liu, Dianbo Wu, Jianhua Chen, Xinjian Zhang, Changqing Nguyen, Triet Thanh Meng, Yanda Zheng, Yalin Tham, Yih Chung Cheung, Carol Y. Fu, Huazhu Chen, Haoyu Cheng, Ching-Yu Centre for Innovation and Precision Eye Health Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore119228 Singapore Department of Ophthalmology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore119228 Singapore Joint Shantou International Eye Center Shantou University The Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangdong Shantou515041 China Shantou University Medical College Guangdong Shantou515041 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Liaoning Shenyang110819 China Big Vision Medical Technology Ltd. Suzhou215011 China Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye Centre Singapore169856 Singapore Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Binh Dinh Eye Hospital Viet Nam Department of Computer Science University of Exeter ExeterEX4 4RN United Kingdom University of Science and Technology Hospital Guangdong Shenzhen518000 China Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital Guangdong Shenzhen518000 China Department of Ophthalmology Meizhou People’s Hospital Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences Guangdong Meizhou514000 China Department of Ophthalmology Yeungnam University College of Medicine Daegu42417 Korea Republic of Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University Hubei Wuhan430000 China School of Biomedical Engineering Anhui Medical University Anhui Hefei230032 China College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Jiangsu Nanjing211100 China Guangxi Jingliang Eye Hospital Guangxi Nanning530021 China Puning People’s Hospital Guangdong Jieyang522000 China Shandong Qingdao266042 China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering the University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhejiang Ningbo315201 China School of Electronics and Information Engineering Soochow University

Artificial intelligence (AI) shows remarkable potential in medical imaging diagnostics, but current models typically require retraining when deployed across different clinical centers, limiting their widespread adoption. We introduce GlobeReady, a clinician-friendly AI platform that enables ocular disease diagnosis without retraining/fine-tuning or technical expertise. GlobeReady achieves high accuracy across imaging modalities: 93.9–98.5% for an 11-category fundus photo dataset and 87.2–92.7% for a 15-category OCT dataset. Through training-free local feature augmentation, it addresses domain shifts across centers and populations, reaching an average accuracy of 88.9% across five centers in China, 86.3% in Vietnam, and 90.2% in the UK. The built-in confidence-quantifiable diagnostic approach further boosted accuracy to 94.9–99.4% (fundus) and 88.2–96.2% (OCT), while identifying out-of-distribution cases at 86.3% (49 CFP categories) and 90.6% (13 OCT categories). Clinicians from multiple countries rated GlobeReady highly (average 4.6 out of 5) for its usability and clinical relevance. These results demonstrate GlobeReady’s robust, scalable diagnostic capability and potential to support ophthalmic care without technical barriers. © 2025, CC0.

关键词： Ophthalmology

Randomized compiling for scalable quantum computing on a noisy superconducting quantum processor

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Hashim, Akel Naik, Ravi K. Morvan, Alexis Ville, Jean-Loup Mitchell, Bradley Kreikebaum, John Mark Davis, Marc Smith, Ethan Iancu, Costin O'Brien, Kevin P. Hincks, Ian Wallman, Joel J. Emerson, Joseph Siddiqi, Irfan Quantum Nanoelectronics Laboratory Department of Physics University of California at Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States Graduate Group in Applied Science and Technology University of California at Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Lab BerkeleyCA94720 United States Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Lab BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Quantum Benchmark Inc. KitchenerONN2H 5G5 Canada Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

The successful implementation of algorithms on quantum processors relies on the accurate control of quantum bits (qubits) to perform logic gate operations. In this era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computing, systematic miscalibrations, drift, and crosstalk in the control of qubits can lead to a coherent form of error which has no classical analog. Coherent errors severely limit the performance of quantum algorithms in an unpredictable manner, and mitigating their impact is necessary for realizing reliable quantum computations. Moreover, the average error rates measured by randomized benchmarking and related protocols are not sensitive to the full impact of coherent errors, and therefore do not reliably predict the global performance of quantum algorithms, leaving us unprepared to validate the accuracy of future large-scale quantum computations. Randomized compiling is a protocol designed to overcome these performance limitations by converting coherent errors into stochastic noise, dramatically reducing unpredictable errors in quantum algorithms and enabling accurate predictions of algorithmic performance from error rates measured via cycle benchmarking. In this work, we demonstrate significant performance gains under randomized compiling for the four-qubit quantum Fourier transform algorithm and for random circuits of variable depth on a superconducting quantum processor. Additionally, we accurately predict algorithm performance using experimentally-measured error rates. Our results demonstrate that randomized compiling can be utilized to leverage and predict the capabilities of modern-day noisy quantum processors, paving the way forward for scalable quantum computing. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Benchmarking

DBFT: A Byzantine Fault Tolerant Protocol with Graceful Performance Degradation

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DBFT: A Byzantine Fault Tolerant Protocol with Graceful Perf...

Reliable Distributed Systems

作者： Jingjing Zhang Yingyao Rong Jiannong Cao Chunming Rong Jing Bian Weigang Wu School of Data and Comp. Sci. Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China Department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic University HongKong Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Department University of Stavanger Stavanger Norway Guangdong Province Key Lab of Big Data Analysis and Proc. Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9781728142227

ISBN: (纸本)9781728142234

The surging interest in blockchain has revitalized the search for efficient Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) protocols, which are used for blockchains to achieve consensus among replicated data blocks. Most existing BFT protocols perform well in fault-free cases, but they usually suffer from serious performance degradation when faults occur. In this paper, we present DBFT, a BFT protocol that realizes graceful performance degradation in normal cases. The major novelty of DBFT lies in the double-response mechanism, which lets replica nodes deterministically respond to clients twice: one is after the speculative execution phase and the other is after the commitment phase. The double-response mechanism can handle inconsistency in speculative execution, so as to alleviate performance degradation caused by faults. Moreover, DBFT does not involve clients in critical consensus operations so as to reduce the load of clients. The correctness properties, i.e., safety and liveness, of DBFT is rigorously proved. The performance of DBFT is evaluated via experiments and the results show that, DBFT outperforms similar BFT protocols obviously in normal cases.

关键词： cryptographic protocols fault tolerance degradation of performance Fault tolerance cryptographic protocols speculative execution protocols customers Clients Reaction Mechanisms

AGlobal benchmark of algorithms for segmentinglate gadolinium-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Xiong, Zhaohan Xia, Qing Hu, Zhiqiang Huang, Ning Bian, Cheng Zheng, Yefeng Vesal, Sulaiman Ravikumar, Nishant Maier, Andreas Yang, Xin Heng, Pheng-Ann Ni, Dong Li, Caizi Tong, Qianqian Si, Weixin Puybareau, Elodie Khoudli, Younes Géraud, Thierry Chen, Chen Bai, Wenjia Rueckert, Daniel Xu, Lingchao Zhuang, Xiahai Luo, Xinzhe Jia, Shuman Sermesant, Maxime Liu, Yashu Wang, Kuanquan Borra, Davide Masci, Alessandro Corsi, Cristiana De Vente, Coen Veta, Mitko Karim, Rashed Preetha, Chandrakanth Jayachandran Engelhardt, Sandy Qiao, Menyun Wang, Yuanyuan Tao, Qian Nuñez-Garcia, Marta Camara, Oscar Savioli, Nicolo Lamata, Pablo Zhao, Jichao Auckland Bioengineering Institute University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand State Key Lab of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beihang University Beijing China School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Beijing China SenseTime Inc Shenzhen China Tencent Jarvis Laboratory Shenzhen China Pattern Recognition Lab Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen Germany Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality and Human Interaction Technology Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China Epita Research and Development Laboratory Paris France Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom School of Naval Architecture Shanghai Jiao Tong University Ocean & Civil Engineering Shanghai China School of Data Science Fudan University Shanghai China Epione Research Group Universite Cote d'Azur Inria Sophia Antipolis France Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin China Department of Electric University of Bologna Electronic and Information Engineering Cesena Italy Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences Kings College London London United Kingdom Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany Heidelberg University Hospital Germany Biomedical Engineering Center Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Radiology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden Netherlands Department of Information and Communication Technologies Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain D

Segmentation of cardiac images, particularly late gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-MRI)widely used for visualizing diseased cardiacstructures, is a crucial first step for clinical diagnosis and treatment. However, direct segmentation ofLGE-MRIsischallenging due to *** most clinical studies have relied on manual and labor-intensive approaches, automatic methods are of high interest, particularly optimized machine learning *** address this, we organized the "2018 Left Atrium Segmentation Challenge" using 154 3D LGE-MRIs, currently the world's largest cardiac LGE-MRI dataset, and associated labels of the left atriumsegmented by three medical experts,ultimately attractingthe participation of27 international teams. In this paper, extensive analysis of the submitted algorithms using technical and biological metrics was performed by undergoing subgroup analysis and conducting hyper-parameter analysis,offeringan overall picture ofthe major design choices of convolutional neural networks(CNNs) and practical considerations for achieving state-of-the-art left atrium segmentation. Results show the top methodachieved a dice score of 93.2%and a mean surface to a surface distance of 0.7mm, significantly outperforming prior state-of-the-art. Particularly, our analysisdemonstrated that double, sequentially usedCNNs, in which a first CNN is used for automatic region-of-interestlocalization and a subsequent CNN is used for refinedregional segmentation, achieved far superiorresults than traditional methods and pipelinescontaining *** findings from this study can potentially be extended to other imaging datasets and modalities, having an impact on the wider medical imaging *** large-scale benchmarking study makes a significant step towards much-improved segmentation methods for cardiac LGE-MRIs, and will serveas animportant benchmark for evaluating and comparing the future works in the field. Copyright © 2020, Th

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

Neuropsychiatric Disease Classification Using Functional Connectomics - Results of the Connectomics in NeuroImaging Transfer Learning Challenge

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Schirmer, Markus D. Venkataraman, Archana Rekik, Islem Kim, Minjeong Mostofsky, Stewart Beth Nebel, Mary Rosch, Keri Seymour, Karen Crocetti, Deana Irzan, Hassna Hütel, Michael Ourselin, Sebastien Marlow, Neil Melbourne, Andrew Levchenko, Egor Zhou, Shuo Kunda, Mwiza Lu, Haiping Dvornek, Nicha C. Zhuang, Juntang Pinto, Gideon Samal, Sandip Bernal-Rusiel, Jorge L. Pienaar, Rudolph Chung, Ai Wern Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston United States German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Bonn Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore United States BASIRA lab Faculty of Computer and Informatics Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey School of Science and Engineering Computing University of Dundee United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina at Greensboro United States Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research Kennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore United States Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine United States Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore United States Department of Neuropsychology Kennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore United States Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London United Kingdom School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences Kings College London United Kingdom Institute for Womens Health University College London United Kingdom Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience Higher School of Economics Moscow Russia Department of Computer Science University of Sheffield SheffieldS1 4DP United Kingdom Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging Yale University New HavenCT United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New HavenCT United States Teradyte LLC Coral GablesFL United States Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center Division of Newborn Medicine Boston Children’s Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States

Large, open-source datasets, such as the Human Connectome Project and the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange, have spurred the development of new and increasingly powerful machine learning approaches for brain connectomics. However, one key question remains: are we capturing biologically relevant and generalizable information about the brain, or are we simply overfitting to the data? To answer this, we organized a scientific challenge, the Connectomics in NeuroImaging Transfer Learning Challenge (CNI-TLC), held in conjunction with MICCAI 2019. CNI-TLC included two classification tasks: (1) diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) within a pre-adolescent cohort;and (2) transference of the ADHD model to a related cohort of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) patients with an ADHD comorbidity. In total, 240 resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) time series averaged according to three standard parcellation atlases, along with clinical diagnosis, were released for training and validation (120 neurotypical controls and 120 ADHD). We also provided Challenge participants with demographic information of age, sex, IQ, and handedness. The second set of 100 subjects (50 neurotypical controls, 25 ADHD, and 25 ASD with ADHD comorbidity) was used for testing. Classification methodologies were submitted in a standardized format as containerized Docker images through ChRIS, an open-source image analysis platform. Utilizing an inclusive approach, we ranked the methods based on 16 metrics: accuracy, area under the curve, F1-score, false discovery rate, false negative rate, false omission rate, false positive rate, geometric mean, informedness, markedness, Matthews correlation coefficient, negative predictive value, optimized precision, precision, sensitivity, and specificity. The final rank was calculated using the rank product for each participant across all measures. Furthermore, we assessed the calibration curves of each methodology. Five participants submitted their method fo

关键词： Diseases

In-Silico Ear Model Based on Episcopic Images for Percutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation 1

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In-Silico Ear Model Based on Episcopic Images for Percutaneo...

1st EMF-Med World Conference on Biomedical Applications of Electromagnetic Fields, EMF-Med 2018

作者： Razlighi, Babak Dabiri Kampusch, Stefan Geyer, Stefan H. Hoang Le, Van Thurk, Florian Brenner, Simon Szeles, Jozsef Constantin Weninger, Wolfgang J. Kaniusas, Eugenijus Institute of Electrodynamics Microwave and Circuit Engineering Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria Division of Anatomy MIC Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Institute of Visual Computing Human-Centered Technology Computer Vision Lab Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria Department for Vascular Surgery University Clinic for Surgery Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9789532900798

Auricular branch of vagus nerve stimulation is continuously evolving as a minimal-invasive treatment option in patients suffering from chronic pain. For optimization of stimulation mechanisms, we conducted in-silico modelling of the electrode-tissue-nerve interface by a thorough literature review of the anatomical structures combined with nerve and vessel structures from episcopic images of a human ear. Four nerves and two vessels in the ear were implemented in a 3D CAD model for future optimization of stimulation regions and patterns. Mean diameters for nerves were 30 μm, and for vessels 100 μm. Mean distance between nerves and vessels was about 100 μm. © 2018 FESB, University of Split.

关键词： Patient treatment

ZF-Based Beamforming for Wireless Powered Cognitive Satellite-Terrestrial Networks

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ZF-Based Beamforming for Wireless Powered Cognitive Satellit...

IEEE Global Communications Conference

作者： Zhi Lin Min Lin Tomaso de Cola Benoit Champagne A. Lee Swindlehurst College of Communications Engineering Army Engineering University of PLA Nanjing China Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing China Institute of Communications and Navigation German Aerospace Center (DLR) Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McGill University Montreal Canada Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing University of California Irvine Irvine USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728109626

ISBN: (纸本)9781728109633

In this paper, we propose a novel zero-forcing (ZF)-based beamforming (BF) scheme for a wireless powered cognitive satellite-terrestrial network (CSTN) operated in the millimeter wave band. Assuming that the satellite and base station are equipped with multiple antennas, we aim at maximizing the sum rate of the CSTN while satisfying the signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio requirements for both the information receivers (IRs) and earth stations, the energy harvesting requirements of the energy receivers (ERs), and the secrecy constraints at the ERs. Since the resulting optimization problem is mathematically intractable, we propose a novel multi-beam-based ZF BF scheme to generate beamforming vectors to serve the IRs and ERs. Specifically, the original nonconvex problem is decomposed into two independent subproblems. The first subproblem, which features beam orthogonality constraints, leads to closed form solutions for the beamforming vectors. The second subproblem, aiming at finding the optimal power allocation, is solved via the S-procedure. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by simulation results.

关键词： Erbium Satellite broadcasting Wireless communication Satellite antennas Array signal processing Energy harvesting Optimization

Asymmetric cascade networks for focal bone lesion prediction in multiple myeloma

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Licandro, Roxane Hofmanninger, Johannes Perkonigg, Matthias Roehrich, Sebastian Weber, Marc-Andr Wennmann, Markus Kintzele, Laurent Piraud, Marie Menze, Bjoern Langs, Georg Computer Vision Lab Department of Visual Computing and Human-centered Technologies TU Wien Austria Computational Imaging Research Lab Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy Medical University of Vienna Austria Institute f. Diagn. u. Intervent. Radiologie Medizinische Universität Rostock Germany Department of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology Section Musco-Skelatal Imaging Heidelberg University Germany Institute of Biomedical Engineering - Image-based biomedical modelling Technische Universitt Mnchen Germany

The reliable and timely stratification of bone lesion evolution risk in smoldering Multiple Myeloma plays an important role in identifying prime markers of the disease's advance and in improving the patients' outcome. In this work we provide an asymmetric cascade network for the longitudinal prediction of future bone lesions for T1 weighted whole body MR images. The proposed cascaded architecture, consisting of two distinct configured U-Nets, first detects the bone regions and subsequently predicts lesions within bones in a patch based way. The algorithm provides a full volumetric risk score map for the identification of early signatures of emerging lesions and for visualising high risk locations. The prediction accuracy is evaluated on a longitudinal dataset of 63 multiple myeloma patients. Keywords: Longitudinal prediction, asymmetric cascade U-Net, Multiple Myeloma, bone lesion assessment. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Forecasting

A large annotated medical image dataset for the development and evaluation of segmentation algorithms

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Simpson, Amber L. Antonelli, Michela Bakas, Spyridon Bilello, Michel Farahani, Keyvan Van Ginneken, Bram Kopp-Schneider, Annette Landman, Bennett A. Litjens, Geert Menze, Bjoern Ronneberger, Olaf Summers, Ronald M. Bilic, Patrick Christ, Patrick F. Do, Richard K.G. Gollub, Marc Golia-Pernicka, Jennifer Heckers, Stephan H. Jarnagin, William R. McHugo, Maureen K. Napel, Sandy Vorontsov, Eugene Maier-Hein, Lena Jorge Cardoso, M. Department of Surgery Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics University of Pennsylvania Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis National Cancer Institute Department of Pathology Radboud University Medical Center Division of Biostatistics German Cancer Research Center Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University Department of Informatics Technische Universität München Google DeepMind Imaging Biomarkers and Computer-aided Diagnosis Lab Radiology and Imaging Sciences National Institutes of Health Clinical Center Department of Radiology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Radiology Stanford University Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering École Polytechnique de Montréal Division of Computer Assisted Medical Interventions German Cancer Research Center Department of Imaging and Biomedical Engineering King's College London

Semantic segmentation of medical images aims to associate a pixel with a label in a medical image without human initialization. The success of semantic segmentation algorithms is contingent on the availability of high-quality imaging data with corresponding labels provided by experts. We sought to create a large collection of annotated medical image datasets of various clinically relevant anatomies available under open source license to facilitate the development of semantic segmentation algorithms. Such a resource would allow: 1) objective assessment of general-purpose segmentation methods through comprehensive benchmarking and 2) open and free access to medical image data for any researcher interested in the problem domain. Through a multi-institutional effort, we generated a large, curated dataset representative of several highly variable segmentation tasks that was used in a crowd-sourced challenge - the Medical Segmentation Decathlon held during the 2018 Medical Image computing and computer Aided Interventions Conference in Granada, Spain. Here, we describe these ten labeled image datasets so that these data may be effectively reused by the research community. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics