It is expected that robots will be widely exposed to humans in the near future. Emotional communication is very important in human-robot interaction, as well as human-human interaction. Facial expression is an emotion...
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Solar and Fuel Cells are some of the most promising energy sources for future energy generation. However due to their variable and low magnitude voltage a power conditioner capable of providing a large voltage gain is...
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Solar and Fuel Cells are some of the most promising energy sources for future energy generation. However due to their variable and low magnitude voltage a power conditioner capable of providing a large voltage gain is required. This is especially true in applications supplying power to AC loads or the electric grid in which a voltage gain around 8 p.u. is required. The traditional approach to implement the power conditioner in single phase applications is by cascading an isolated DC-DC converter with a DC-AC inverter. However this results in a system of larger size and cost due to the need of a high frequency transformer and the presence of a large second harmonic component in the DC link current. An alternative to the traditional approach is presented in this paper in which a high gain transformer-less DC-DC converter and Z-source inverter are used. It is shown that due to inductor losses the maximum voltage gain of the Z-source inverter is limited. And therefore a two stage approach is a more suitable solution. It is also shown, by means of simulations, that by combining the Z-source inverter with the transformer less DC-DC converter a system with improved performance is obtained.
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have provided many new opportunities for scientific studies and discoveries through continuously monitoring our world. However, one of the most critical challenges in environmental WSNs...
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This paper proposes the study of a new computation model that attempts to address the underlying sources of performance degradation (e.g. latency, overhead, and starvation) and the difficulties of programmer productiv...
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This paper presents a low-power wideband signaling (WBS) digital transceiver for data transmission through a human body for body area network applications. The low-power and highspeed human body communication (HBC) ut...
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A mesh of trees (MoT) on-chip interconnection network has been proposed recently to provide high throughput between memory units and processors for single-chip parallel processing (Balkan et al., 2006). In this paper,...
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A mesh of trees (MoT) on-chip interconnection network has been proposed recently to provide high throughput between memory units and processors for single-chip parallel processing (Balkan et al., 2006). In this paper, we report our findings in bringing this concept to silicon. Specifically, we conduct cycle-accurate Verilog simulations to verify the analytical results claimed in (Balkan et al., 2006). We synthesize and obtain the layout of the MoT interconnection networks of various sizes. To further improve throughput, we investigate different arbitration primitives to handle load and store, the two most common memory operations. We also study the use of pipeline registers in large networks when there are long wires. Simulation based on full network layout demonstrates that significant throughput improvement can be achieved over the original proposed MoT interconnection network. The importance of this work lies in its validation of performance features of the MoT interconnection network, as they were previously shown to be competitive with traditional network solutions. The MoT network is currently used in an eXplicit multi-threading (XMT) on-chip parallel processor, which is engineered to support parallel programming. In that context, a 32-terminal MoT network could support up to 512 on-chip XMT processors. Our 8-terminal network that could serve 8 processor clusters (or 128 total processors), was also accepted recently for fabrication.
In this paper, we present a complete distributed sensor system design with features of low energy usage and small size. In this system, a distributed application for line-crossing recognition (LCR) is demonstrated as ...
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In this paper, we present a complete distributed sensor system design with features of low energy usage and small size. In this system, a distributed application for line-crossing recognition (LCR) is demonstrated as a concrete example. This system includes optimizations associated with algorithm streamlining, communication protocol configuration, and hardware/software implementation. We summarize our developed light-weight distributed algorithm for line-crossing recognition, together with its specific protocol implementation, and present the corresponding hardware implementation. We also describe a system prototype that we have built based on off-the-shelf devices, including a field programmable gate array (FPGA).
Wireless sensor network (WSN) applications have been studied extensively in recent years. Such applications involve resource-limited embedded sensor nodes that have small size and low power requirements. Based on the ...
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Wireless sensor network (WSN) applications have been studied extensively in recent years. Such applications involve resource-limited embedded sensor nodes that have small size and low power requirements. Based on the need for extended network lifetimes in WSNs in terms of energy use, the energy efficiency of computation and communication operations in the embedded sensor nodes becomes critical. Digital signal processing (DSP) applications typically require intensive data processing operations. They are difficult to apply directly in resource-limited WSNs because their operational complexity can strongly influence the network lifetime. In this paper, we present a design methodology for modeling and implementing DSP applications applied to wireless sensor networks. This methodology explores efficient modeling techniques for DSP applications, including acoustic sensing and data processing; derives formulations of energy-driven partitioning for distributing such applications across wireless sensor networks; and develops efficient heuristic algorithms for finding partitioning results that maximize the network lifetime. A case study involving a speech recognition system demonstrates the capabilities of our proposed methodology.
Distributed sensor system applications (e.g., wireless sensor networks) have been studied extensively in recent years. Such applications involve resource-limited embedded sensor nodes that communicate with each other ...
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Distributed sensor system applications (e.g., wireless sensor networks) have been studied extensively in recent years. Such applications involve resource-limited embedded sensor nodes that communicate with each other through self-organizing protocols. Depending on application requirements, distributed sensor system design may include protocol and prototype implementation. Prototype implementation is especially useful in establishing and maintaining system functionality as the design is customized to satisfy size, energy, and cost constraints. In this paper, we present a streamlined, application-specific approach to incorporating fault tolerance into a TDMA-based distributed sensor system for line-crossing recognition. The objective of this approach is to prevent node failures from translating into failures in the overall system. Our approach is specialized and light-weight so that fault tolerance is achieved without significant degradation in energy efficiency. We also present an asynchronous handshaking approach for providing synchronization between the transceiver and digital processing subsystem in sensor node. This provides a general method for achieving such synchronization with reduced hardware requirements and reduced energy consumption compared to conventional approaches, which rely on generic interface protocols. We demonstrate the capabilities of our approaches to fault tolerance and transceiver-processor integration through experiments involving a complete prototype wireless sensor network test-bed, and a distributed line-crossing recognition application that runs on this test-bed.
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