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arXiv 2020年

作者： Tian, Yanpei Shao, Hong Liu, Xiaojie Chen, Fangqi Li, Yongsheng Tang, Changyu Zheng, Yi Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Northeastern University BostonMA United States Chengdu Green Energy and Green Manufacturing Technology R&D Center Chengdu Development Center of Science and Technology Sichuan China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern University BostonMA United States

The technique of passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) is used to cool an object down by simultaneously reflecting sunlight and thermally radiating heat to the cold outer space through the Earth’s atmospheric window. However, for practical applications, current PDRC materials are facing unprecedented challenges such as complicated and expensive fabrication approaches and performance degradation arising from surface contamination. Here, we develop a scalable paper-based material with excellent self-cleaning and self-cooling capabilities, through air-spraying ethanolic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microparticles suspensions embedded within the micropores of the paper. The formed superhydrophobic PTFE coating not only protects the paper from water wetting and dust contamination for real-life applications but also reinforces its solar reflectance by sunlight backscattering. The paper fibers, when enhanced with PTFE particles, efficiently reflect sunlight and strongly radiate heat through the atmospheric window, resulting in a sub-ambient cooling performance of 5◦C and radiative cooling power of 104 W/m2 under direct solar irradiance of 834 W/m2 and 671 W/m2, respectively. The self-cleaning surface of the cooling paper extends its lifespan and keep its good cooling performance for outdoor applications. Additionally, dyed papers are experimentally studied for broad engineering applications. They can absorb appropriate visible wavelengths to display specific colors and effectively reflect near-infrared lights to reduce solar heating, which synchronously achieves effective radiative cooling and aesthetic varieties in a cost-effective, scalable, and energy-efficient way. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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The joint automated repository for various integrated simulations (JARVIS) for data-driven materials design

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 234-246页

作者： Kamal Choudhary Kevin F.Garrity Andrew C.E.Reid Brian DeCost Adam J.Biacchi Angela R.Hight Walker Zachary Trautt Jason Hattrick-Simpers A.Gilad Kusne Andrea Centrone Albert Davydov Jie Jiang Ruth Pachter Gowoon Cheon Evan Reed Ankit Agrawal Xiaofeng Qian Vinit Sharma Houlong Zhuang Sergei V.Kalinin Bobby G.Sumpter Ghanshyam Pilania Pinar Acar Subhasish Mandal Kristjan Haule David Vanderbilt Karin Rabe Francesca Tavazza Materials Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA Theiss Research La JollaCA 92037USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Physical Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research LaboratoryWright–Patterson Air Force BaseDaytonOH 45433USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M UniversityTexasTX 77843USA Joint Institute for Computational Sciences University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA National Institute for Computational Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287USA Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Materials Science and Technology Division Los Alamos National LabLos AlamosNM 87545USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJ 08901USA

The Joint Automated Repository for Various Integrated Simulations(JARVIS)is an integrated infrastructure to accelerate materials discovery and design using density functional theory(DFT),classical force-fields(FF),and machine learning(ML)*** is motivated by the Materials Genome Initiative(MGI)principles of developing open-access databases and tools to reduce the cost and development time of materials discovery,optimization,and deployment.

关键词： automated JAR databases

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Author Correction: Inhibitory specificity from a connectomic census of mouse visual cortex

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Nature 2025年 2025 May 19页

作者： Casey M Schneider-Mizell Agnes L Bodor Derrick Brittain JoAnn Buchanan Daniel J Bumbarger Leila Elabbady Clare Gamlin Daniel Kapner Sam Kinn Gayathri Mahalingam Sharmishtaa Seshamani Shelby Suckow Marc Takeno Russel Torres Wenjing Yin Sven Dorkenwald J Alexander Bae Manuel A Castro Akhilesh Halageri Zhen Jia Chris Jordan Nico Kemnitz Kisuk Lee Kai Li Ran Lu Thomas Macrina Eric Mitchell Shanka Subhra Mondal Shang Mu Barak Nehoran Sergiy Popovych William Silversmith Nicholas L Turner William Wong Jingpeng Wu Jacob Reimer Andreas S Tolias H Sebastian Seung R Clay Reid Forrest Collman Nuno Maçarico da Costa Allen Institute for Brain Science Seattle WA USA. caseys@***. Allen Institute for Brain Science Seattle WA USA. Princeton Neuroscience Institute Princeton University Princeton NJ USA. Computer Science Department Princeton University Princeton NJ USA. Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Princeton University Princeton NJ USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA. Department of Neuroscience Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA. Center for Neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA. Brain & Cognitive Sciences Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA. Allen Institute for Brain Science Seattle WA USA. nunod@***.

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Visualizing the out-of-plane electronic dispersions in an intercalated transition metal dichalcogenide

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Yang, Xian P. LaBollita, Harrison Cheng, Zi-Jia Bhandari, Hari Cochran, Tyler A. Yin, Jia-Xin Hossain, Md Shafayat Belopolski, Ilya Zhang, Qi Jiang, Yuxiao Shumiya, Nana Multer, Daniel Liskevich, Maksim Usanov, Dmitry A. Dang, Yanliu Strocov, Vladimir N. Davydov, Albert V. Ghimire, Nirmal J. Botana, Antia S. Hasan, M. Zahid Department of Physics Princeton University Princeton NJ United States Department of Physics Arizona State University TempeAZ United States Department of Physics and Astronomy George Mason University FairfaxVA United States Quantum Science and Engineering Center George Mason University FairfaxVA United States Swiss Light Source Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen Switzerland GaithersburgMD United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN United States Princeton Institute for Science and Technology of Materials Princeton University Princeton NJ United States Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA United States

Layered transition metal dichalcogenides have rich phase diagram and they feature two dimensionality on numerous physical properties. Co1/3NbS2 is one of the newest members of this family where Co atoms are intercalated into the Van der Waals gaps between NbS2 layers. We study the three-dimensional electronic band structure of Co1/3NbS2 using both surface and bulk sensitive angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We show that the electronic bands don't fit into the rigid-band-shift picture after the Co intercalation. Instead, Co1/3NbS2 displays a different orbital character near the Fermi level compared to the pristine NbS2 compound and has a clear band dispersion in kz direction despite its layered structure. Our photoemission study demonstrates the out-of-plane electronic correlations introduced by the Co intercalation, thus offering a new perspective on this compound. Finally, we propose how Fermi level tuning could lead to exotic phases such as spin density wave instability. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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Position Information from Single-Bounce Reflections

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Kakkavas, Anastasios Castañeda García, Mario H. Seco-Granados, Gonzalo Wymeersch, Henk Stirling-Gallacher, Richard A. Nossek, Josef A. Munich Research Center Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH Munich80992 Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technical University of Munich Munich80333 Germany Department of Telecommunications and Systems Engineering Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Spain Department of Electrical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg412 58 Sweden

In the context of positioning a target with a single-anchor, this contribution focuses on the Fisher information about the position, orientation and clock offset of the target provided by single-bounce reflections. The availability of prior knowledge of the target’s environment is taken into account via a prior distribution of the position of virtual anchors, and the rank, intensity and direction of provided information is studied. We show that when no prior knowledge is available, single-bounce reflections offer position information in the direction parallel to the reflecting surface, irrespective of the target’s and anchor’s locations. We provide a geometrically intuitive explanation of the results and present numerical examples demonstrating their potential implications. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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"Hall" transport of liquid crystal solitons in Couette flow

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Coelho, Rodrigo C.V. Zhao, Hanqing Amaral, Guilherme N.C. Smalyukh, Ivan I. Telo da Gama, Margarida M. Tasinkevych, Mykola Centro de Física Teórica e Computacional Faculdade de Ciências Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa1749-016 Portugal Departamento de Física Faculdade de Ciências Universidade de Lisboa LisboaP-1749-016 Portugal Department of Physics and Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States International Institute for Sustainability Knotted Chiral Meta Matter Hiroshima University Higashihiroshima739-8511 Japan SOFT Group School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent University Clifton Lane NottinghamNG11 8NS United Kingdom

Topology establishes a unifying framework for a diverse range of scientific areas including particle physics, cosmology, and condensed matter physics. One of the most fascinating manifestations of topology in the context of condensed matter is the topological Hall effect, and its relative: the Skyrmion Hall effect. Skyrmions are stable vortex-like spin configurations in certain chiral magnets, and when subject to external electric currents can drift in the transverse direction to the current. These quasi-particles are characterised by a conserved topological charge which in the Skyrmion Hall effect plays the role of electric charges in the ordinary Hall effect. Recently, it has been shown that liquid crystals endowed with chiral properties serve as an ideal testbed for the fundamental investigation of topological solitons, including their two- and three-dimensional realisations. Here, we show experimentally and numerically that three-dimensional solitons aka"torons" exhibit a Hall-like effect when driven by shear flows: the torons are deflected in the direction perpendicular to the shear plane. The experimental results are rationalised in terms of the dynamic Ericksen-Leslie equations, which predict the emergence of the transverse component of the net mass flow, the magnitude of which scales as the 3rd power of the shear rate. The perturbation analysis highlights an interplay of the viscous and chiral elastic torques as the mechanism for the emergence of net transverse currents. Numerical simulations demonstrate, however, that torons are not merely dragged by the flow but move with their own transverse speed, much larger than the average flow velocity in the transverse direction. Our findings may enable responsive microfluidic applications relying on soft topological solitons. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Liquid crystals

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"ITE Review 2019 Series (2);"Research Trend on Information Display technology" by

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Kyokai Joho Imeji Zasshi/Journal of the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers 2019年第2期73卷 318-329页

作者： Fujisaki, Yoshihide Shimizu, Takahisa Tsuzuki, Toshimitsu Kimura, Munehiro Ishinabe, Takahiro Yamakita, Hiroyuki Maeda, Shuichi Okumura, Haruhiko Yoshida, Shigeto Hasegawa, Takuya Nakamura, Atsushi Science & Technology Research Laboratories NHK Tokyo Japan Department of Electrical Electronics and Information Engineering Nagaoka University of Technology Nagaoka Japan Department of Electronic Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan Kyoto Technology Development Center JOLED Inc. Tokyo Japan Optical and Imaging Science & Technology Tokai University Hiratsuka Japan Corporate Research & Development Center Toshiba Corp. Kawasaki Japan Telecommunication and Image Technology Laboratories Corporate Research & Development Business Unit Sharp Corporation Nara Japan Department of Marine Resources Science Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science Kochi University Kochi Japan Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology Shizuoka University Hamamatsu Japan

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Secure Precoding Aided Spatial Modulation via Transmit Antenna Selection

Secure Precoding Aided Spatial Modulation via Transmit Anten...

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作者： Huang, Yu Wen, Miaowen Zheng, Beixiong Cheng, Xiang Yang, Liuqing Ji, Fei School of Electronics and Information Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou510641 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Colorado State University Fort CollinsCO80523 United States

In this paper, two transmit antenna selection schemes are proposed for precoding-aided spatial modulation (PSM) to enhance the secrecy performance with reduced hardware complexity. The first strategy is determined by the channel state information (CSI) of both the legitimate and illegitimate links, called deterministic antenna selection based PSM (DAS-PSM), which selects partial transmit antennas to implement zero-forcing (ZF) precoding for maximizing the secrecy rate. For practical implementation, the low-complexity DAS-PSM criterion is demonstrated. The second strategy resorts to random antenna selection (RAS) with the aid of fast radio-frequency switching. Different from the DAS-PSM, this so-called RAS based PSM (RAS-PSM) dispenses with the CSI of the wiretap channel, which generates the ZF precoding matrix associated with randomly selected transmit antenna combination during each symbol period, creating additional turbulence that solely affects the eavesdropper. To combat the issue of low secrecy rate in the high signal-to-noise ratio regime due to the finite-alphabet inputs, time-varying artificial noise with extra power can be incorporated into both aforementioned strategies, which is exemplified in the RAS-PSM. Finally, the secrecy rates of both proposed schemes are theoretically analyzed and evaluated via Monte Carlo simulations, demonstrating that both proposed schemes with different requirements are capable of enhancing the secrecy performance compared to the conventional PSM. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Channel state information

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On a Network SIS Model with Opinion Dynamics

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2020年第2期53卷 2582-2587页

作者： Weihao Xuan Ruijie Ren Philip E. Paré Mengbin Ye Sebastian Ruf Ji Liu School of Mechanical Engineering at University of Leeds UK Division of Decision and Control Systems at KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Faculty of Science and Engineering ENTEG University of Groningen Netherlands Center for Complex Networks Research and the Department of Psychology at Northeastern University USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Stony Brook University USA

This paper proposes a network continuous-time susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model coupled with individual opinion dynamics, where the opinion dynamics models an individual’s perceived severity of illness or perceived susceptibility. The effects of opinion dynamics on the network SIS model are studied by analyzing the limiting behaviors of the system model, equilibria of the system and their stability.

关键词： SIS model opinion dynamics health belief model

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The NOVO project - hybrid neutron/gamma-ray imaging for range verification in particle therapy

The NOVO project - hybrid neutron/gamma-ray imaging for rang...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： J. A.B. Turko I. Meric E. Alagoz L. Hysing D. Lathouwers W. Lionheart J. Obhodas G. Pausch H. Pettersen H. Ratliff K. E. Roemer S. M. Schellhammer L. Setterdahl D. Sudac A. Wagner K. Ytre-Hauge T. J. Kögler Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Institute of Radiation Physics Dresden Saxony Germany Department of Computer Science Electrical Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Bergen Norway University of Bergen Bergen Norway Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom Ruder Bošković Institute Zagreb Croatia Target Systemelektronik Wuppertal North Rhine-Westphalia Germany OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology Dresden Saxony Germany Institute of Radiooncology Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Dresden Saxony Germany

Particle therapy has proven highly sensitive range uncertainties, making online range verification essential. Here we present a status update on work by the NOVO collaboration investigating range verification through simultaneous imaging of prompt gamma-rays and fast neutrons. The proposed system is designed to offer high detection sensitivity to range shifts with a smaller footprint and cost than current state-of-the art systems, where the proton range can be calculated by imaging elastically scattered neutrons and gamma-rays emitted from patient tissues during treatment. Both the detector design and feasibility of the NOVO concept were investigated using Monte Carlo particle transport simulations, supported by an experimental characterization of candidate scintillator materials. The detector design was chosen to maximize the number of image-able detected events under clinical treatment conditions. The feasibility of the method was demonstrated using a real patient case chosen from the Cancer Imaging Archive. Results show that a range-shift sensitivity of 1 mm per spot is attainable for clinical proton intensities with detector resolution effects included. Our findings demonstrate the potential of particle treatment verification through simultaneous fast neutron and prompt gamma-ray imaging, present a design for such a system, and reinforce its suitability in clinical application.

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