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2023 International Conference on Microelectronics, ICM 2023

作者： Alimisis, Vassilis Eleftheriou, Nikolaos P. Leventikidis, Savvas Sotiriadis, Paul P. National Technical University of Athens Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380828

This study presents an alternative approach to develop low-power (744nW) analog classifiers capable of efficiently handling multiple input features while maintaining high levels of accuracy and minimizing power consumption. The proposed classifier relies on Voting and Bayes mathematical models, incorporating Gilbert two-signal four-quadrant multipliers and current comparators. The analog classifier is validated through testing with a real-world lung-cancer surgery dataset, achieving an accuracy of 75.45%. It predicts all testset samples of patients suffering from lung-cancer. Additionally, a comparison with related analog classifiers using the same dataset is conducted. The models are trained via a software-based implementation. The proposed architecture is realized using the TSMC 90nm CMOS process and simulated using the Cadence IC Suite. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Statistical tests

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Complex parameter mapping method of motor inductance considering mechanical stress and thermal expansion for quality operation 26

Complex parameter mapping method of motor inductance conside...

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26th International Conference on electrical Machines and Systems, ICEMS 2023

作者： Kang, Seung-Gu Park, Seah Seo, Chae Won Jung, Sang-Yong SungKyunKwan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Suwon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317589

This paper suggests complex parameter mapping method of motor inductance for quality operation. The proposed method considers the rotor deformation. The rotor deformations are analyzed in terms of mechanical stress, thermal expansion, and coupled conditions in sequence. And the effects of deformation are also described about air gap length and inductance variations. Then parameter mapping method including rotating speed and temperature are proposed, and the each map data and the differences are analyzed. Finally, the importance of considering rotor deformation for quality operation is verified. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Thermal expansion

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Performance Comparison of Linear and Nonlinear Precoding for Massive MIMO

Performance Comparison of Linear and Nonlinear Precoding for...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on electrical, computer and Energy Technologies, ICECET 2023

作者： Chili, Nompumelelo Mukubwa, Emmanuel Pillay, Nelendran Durban University of Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering and Electrical Power Engineering Durban South Africa Moi University Electrical and Communication Engineering Eldoret Kenya Durban University of Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Durban South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9798350327816

Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) answers the exponentially increasing demand for comprehensive fixed broadband and broadcast wireless communication services. Massive MIMO is a pivotal technology in the 5G and beyond (5GaB) wireless communication systems. This paper compares linear precoding algorithms such as Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE), Neumann Series Approximation (NSA) with nonlinear precoders such as Tomlinson-Harashima Precoder (THP), and Lattice Reduction (LR) algorithm, the Lenstra-Lenstra-Lov'asz (LLL) precoder. The comparison was conducted using Bit-Error Rate (BER) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance measures. Simulated results prove that nonlinear precoders outperform linear precoding in high SNR regions. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Bit-Error Rate (BER) and Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR) Broadband Broadcast Linear precoding Massive MIMO Nonlinear-precoding

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Supervised learning applied to electrocardiogram statistical features for the detection of premature ventricular contraction

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Research on Biomedical engineering 2025年第1期41卷 1-12页

作者： Issa, Khouloud Rammal, Abbas Assaf, Rabih Ghandour, Ahmad Electrical and Communication Engineering Department College of Engineering Phoenicia University Zahrani South Lebanon Statistics and Informatics Department Faculty of Science Lebanese University Beirut Lebanon Mathematics and Computer Sciences Department Faculty of Arts and Sciences Lebanese American University Beirut Lebanon Department of Mathematics Faculty of Arts and Sciences Holy Spirit University of Kaslik Jounieh Lebanon Biomedical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Islamic University of Lebanon Wardenieh30014 Lebanon

Purpose: The development of an automated premature ventricular contraction (PVC) detection system has significant implications for early intervention and treatment decisions. This study aims to develop a novel approach using various supervised machine learning (ML) methods for detecting PVCs in electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings. Methodology: To achieve this, we extracted ten distinct statistical and temporal features from 33 long-term ECG recordings from the benchmark MIT-BIH arrhythmia database (MIT-BIH-AD), capturing significant characteristics from the signals. We then investigated the effectiveness of traditional ML algorithms in identifying PVCs based on these features, namely support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), naïve Bayes (NB), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and artificial neural network (ANN). Results: Among these classifiers, the SVM, KNN, ANN, and DT classifiers demonstrated exceptional discriminatory power and classification performance, yielding near-perfect area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) values of 97.3%, 95.4%, 95%, and 94.1%, respectively. On the other hand, the SVM classifier emerged as the most accurate, achieving an overall accuracy of 97.39%, indicative of making correct predictions. Conclusion: These findings underscore the generalization of the proposed approach, especially since we worked on an extended dataset encompassing different types of heartbeats to discriminate PVCs from other heartbeat types, not only normal ones, and providing closer alignment with real-world scenarios. Subsequently, the robustness and accuracy of these models highlight their suitability for clinical applications and their potential for efficient implementation and deployment in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), as they demand minimal computational resources and time. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Brazilian Society of Biomedical engineering 2025.

关键词： Decision trees

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Dual-Band Unit Cell of EBG Structure for Printed Gap Waveguide

Dual-Band Unit Cell of EBG Structure for Printed Gap Wavegui...

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2023 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2023

作者： Mou, Mehek. M. R. Kishk, Ahmed A. Concordia University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MontrealQC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781665442282

A dual electromagnetic gap (EBG) is realized by a unit cell of three substrates sandwiched between two metal plates. The unit cell consists of two stacked dielectric substrates topped by an aired substrate below the top metallic plate. The unit cell consists of a large mushroom patch on the bottom grounded substrate etched on its top and connected to the lower metal plane by a conducting via. The intermediate substrate has four smaller mushroom patches of total size smaller or equal to the bottom patch, and each is connected to the lower patch by conducting vias. The total size of the one-unit cell is 1.8mm. The unit cell is designed to achieve two stop band gaps;one is for the lower band for 13-24 GHz and another for the upper band 34-44 GHz. Inserting a so-called printed ridge perturbing the periodicity creates propagating modes within the EBG bands, guiding the electromagnetic waves between the upper conductor and the ridge and suppressing them elsewhere. The simulated results are presented. They could have the potential to be used for various dual-band applications. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Substrates

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A Review on Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare: Why, How, and When?

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第4期5卷 1429-1442页

作者： Bharati, Subrato Mondal, M. Rubaiyat Hossain Podder, Prajoy Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Institute of Information and Communication Technology Dhaka1205 Bangladesh Concordia University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MontrealQCH3G 1M8 Canada

Artificial intelligence (AI) models are increasingly finding applications in the field of medicine. Concerns have been raised about the explainability of the decisions that are made by these AI models. In this article, we give a systematic analysis of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), with a primary focus on models that are currently being used in the field of healthcare. The literature search is conducted following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses standards for relevant work published from 1 January 2012 to 2 February 2022. The review analyzes the prevailing trends in XAI and lays out the major directions in which research is headed. We investigate the why, how, and when of the uses of these XAI models and their implications. We present a comprehensive examination of XAI methodologies as well as an explanation of how a trustworthy AI can be derived from describing AI models for healthcare fields. The discussion of this work will contribute to the formalization of the XAI field. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Medical imaging

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Real-time Steering Control algorithm based on Lane Segmentation image using Monocular view for Map-less Driving

Real-time Steering Control algorithm based on Lane Segmentat...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Asia, ICCE-Asia 2023

作者： Lee, Si Woo Lee, Jinsun Hong, HyeongKeun Jeon, Jae Wook Sungkyunkwan University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Suwon Korea Republic of Sungkyunkwan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Suwon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350344318

Growing interest in integrating in-vehicle data processing and artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly improved performance. This improvement extends to technologies like object detection, with rapid progress, and pixel-based segmentation research in various directions. While research on steering value processing using AI models is ongoing, model-centric studies continue to garner attention. This paper discusses a framework for obtaining lane gradients using instance segmentation techniques among segmentation methods. It emphasizes the development of image processing independent of control systems or single-model limitations, proposes a service-oriented methodology for better management and development, and outlines the utilization of pre-trained instance segmentation models. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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Analysis of SOME/IP-CAN Communication

Analysis of SOME/IP-CAN Communication

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2023 International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems, computers, and Communications, ITC-CSCC 2023

作者： Park, Jae Bum Oh, Sung Bhin Jeon, Jae Wook Sungkyunkwan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Suwon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350326413

The usage of Ethernet in In-Vehicle Networks (IVNs) has been increasingly prevalent, primarily due to its high bandwidth and scalability. This trend is expected to continue, and Scalable service-Oriented MiddlewarE over IP (SOME/IP), a communication protocol based on Service-oriented Architecture (SoA), is anticipated to gain widespread adoption. However, current IVN technologies such as Control Area Networks (CAN) will persistently be used alongside Ethernet. Consequently, the implementation of gateways that can convert different IVNs has become indispensable. The adoption of SOME/IP for communication between electronic control units (ECUs) holds the potential for an improved SoA. To enable SOME/IP communication between the gateway and ECUs, this paper proposes a gateway that converts protocols between Ethernet and CAN. The proposed gateway utilizes the similarity in the role of Service ID in SOME/IP and CAN ID. Moreover, this paper presents an evaluation of the time performance of the proposed gateway system. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Ethernet

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Effect of Varying Number of Poles on Performance of a PM-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine Enabled with Iron Nitride Magnet Combinations 49

Effect of Varying Number of Poles on Performance of a PM-Ass...

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49th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2023

作者： Kumar, Praveen Wilson, Robin El-Refaie, Ayman Marquette University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Milwaukee United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331820

Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine (PMASynRM) possesses the advantage of both reluctance and electromagnetic torque, which makes it a cheaper alternative compared to surface PM machines. Further improvement in cost and performance is achieved by adjusting the contribution of each torque component either by optimizing the rotor structure or utilizing a combination of different magnet grades. This paper employs both alternatives through the design optimization of a U-shaped PMASynRM topology featuring 2-layers of rotor magnets incorporating a blend of various magnet types. Four arrangements of Iron Nitride magnets combined with different types of rare-earth (RE) and rare-earth-free (RE-free) magnets are suggested for 8-pole and 6-pole PMASynRM topologies. The optimal designs for each magnet combination in both the 8-pole and 6-pole configurations are utilized to investigate how altering the number of poles influences various performance characteristics of the machine. The comparative analysis of various results is utilized to derive insights into the most suitable topology for the given application. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Traction motors

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Design-Space Exploration of the Runge-Kutta Hardware Accelerator for Solving Ordinary Differential Equation

Design-Space Exploration of the Runge-Kutta Hardware Acceler...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on electrical, Automation and computer engineering, ICEACE 2023

作者： Bhattacharya, Soham Chakraborty, Dwaipayan Rowan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering NJ United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350309614

High-performance computing frequently uses ordinary differential equations. But because of their nonlinear character, these equations need some analytic solutions. For these reasons, numerical approaches come into play. In this study, a hardware accelerator for solving an ODE utilizing the Runge-Kutta equations of orders two, three, and four has been implemented. An analysis has been performed on a design-space exploration for the half, single, and double floating-point precision formats. The hardware accelerator intended for the fourth-order Runge-Kutta solver has the most power consumption while operating at a clock frequency of up to 80 Mhzs of the two solvers described in this research, based on the experimental findings. An in-depth evaluation of the power, and utilization of FPGA resources, and a time-consuming summary has also been included in this work. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： FPGA hardware accelerators ODE RISC-V Runge-Kutta method

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