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48th IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2023

作者： Anh Ngo, Khoa Shim, Kyuhong Shim, Byonghyo Seoul National University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781728163277

Transformer-based networks have achieved great success in image captioning because of the attention mechanism that finds relevant image locations for each word. However, the current cross-attention process, which aligns word-to-image, does not consider the spatial relationships existing in patch-to-patch. This lack of spatial information may cause incorrect descriptions that fail at generating words that correctly describe the positional relationships. In this paper, we introduce a novel cross-attention architecture that utilizes spatial information from coordinate differences between relevant image patches. In doing so, our new cross-attention process dynamically considers both the related contents and their spatial relationships in caption generation. In addition, we introduce an efficient implementation of relative spatial attention based on convolutional operations. Experimental results show that the proposed spatial cross-attention improves captions to correctly describe the spatial relationships of objects, leading to an increase of 0.7 CIDEr score on the MS-COCO dataset compared to the previous state-of-the-art. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： computer vision

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A Multilevel Ac-Ac Converter with Input-series and Output-Parallel as Dynamic Voltage Restorer 31

A Multilevel Ac-Ac Converter with Input-series and Output-Pa...

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31st International Conference on electrical engineering, ICEE 2023

作者： Mortazavi, Seyed Mohesen Beiranvand, Reza Tarbiat Modares University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798350312560

In this paper, a bidirectional multilevel ac-ac converter is presented, which is suitable for high-power applications. The structure of the proposed multilevel converter with series input and parallel output has reduced the input voltage and output current of each level, which reduces the stress on the elements of the proposed converter. Reducing the current and voltage of each level has reduced the dimensions, cost, and losses. Due to the output parallel of the multilevel converter, the ripple of the output current has been reduced. A structure of a multilevel converter as a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) was proposed which is transformerless. The multilevel converter is examined and analyzed using theoretical relationships in different working modes. Then, to verify the performance of the multilevel converter was simulated as a DVR in Matlab/Simulink and its results were presented. In addition to confirming the performance of the multilevel converter in working modes, the results showed the reduction of voltage and current of each switch for each level. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Simulink

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An Efficient Switched Capacitor DC-DC Converter for Body Heat Energy Harvesting 66

An Efficient Switched Capacitor DC-DC Converter for Body Hea...

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2023 IEEE 66th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, MWSCAS 2023

作者： Zhao, Linran Jia, Yaoyao The University of Texas at Austin Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302103

This paper presents an efficient switched capacitor DC-DC converter with a control loop for optimal efficiency tracking and voltage regulation. The proposed DC-DC converter interfaces with thermoelectric generators (TEG) to provide load with harvested power from body heat. This is a key step towards developing self-powered wearable devices. The proposed DC-DC converter employs a switched capacitor boosting scheme. The control loop adjusts the voltage conversion ratio (VCR) of the converter within - x9 and the switching frequency within 0.5 - 15 MHz. A cold start charge pump triggers the DC-DC converter to start up from low input voltages. The proposed DC-DC converter was fabricated in 180 nm standard CMOS process. The circuit specifications and functions have been verified through post-layout simulation. The cold start charge pump starts operation at the minimum input voltage of 310 mV. The control loop can find the optimal VCR and switching frequency to maximize the input power of the DC-DC converter and regulate the output voltage to a target voltage of 2 V. Besides, the DC-DC converter achieves power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 74% and output power of 0.8 mW. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： body heat DC-DC converter Energy harvesting health monitoring wearable devices maxim-power point tracking switched capacitor

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Enhancing User Experience: Virtual Assistants in Greek University Helpdesk Service 27

Enhancing User Experience: Virtual Assistants in Greek Unive...

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27th Pan-Hellenic Conference on Progress in Computing and Informatics with International Participation, PCI 2023

作者： Terzi, Anastasia Akritidou, Eleni Bibi, Matina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Western Macedonia Kozani Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798400716263

It is commonly accepted that we live in a digital era of constant changes. Digital revolution has brought significant changes in the way we live, work, and interact with each other, with messaging apps turning to the centerpiece of our communication. Individuals and especially youngsters are constantly connected through devices for both social and entertainment reasons. This growing enthusiasm for messaging apps brought the use of bots as supplementary virtual assistants into the spotlight. Examples of companies employing bots into their business chats examples marked that chatbots contribute to a better user experience while at the same time reduce personnel workload. The results raised the question whether the introduction of virtual assistants will benefit the everyday life of Greek Universities. To examine our hypothesis in the realms of University of Western Macedonia, we introduced the "bot-UoWM", a zero- code conversational chatbot that supports Greek Natural Language, in well-known social media platforms. To evaluate the system, we conducted an empirical study using a questionnaire on 80 participants. The obtained survey data were analyzed using a combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques. The evaluation results show that our system improves user acceptance and understanding of the results. They also indicate that bots could help different users with their seeking tasks. Our results and discussions highlight the impact of using visual and interactive features as assistants for higher education. © 2023 Owner/Author.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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Analysis Time Delay of SOME/IP Real-Time Data Exchange Environment

Analysis Time Delay of SOME/IP Real-Time Data Exchange Envir...

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2023 International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems, computers, and Communications, ITC-CSCC 2023

作者： Lee, Si Woo Oh, Sung Bhin Jeon, Jae Wook Sungkyunkwan University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Suwon Korea Republic of Sungkyunkwan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Suwon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350326413

In real-time, self-driving cars exchange a significant amount of information, including data from senors, GPS(Global Positioning System), and steering wheel, like requests and responses within a computer network. Recently, efforts and research are being conducted to use Ethernet together with CAN(Controller Area Network) due to the increasing amount of data communication. SOME/IP(Scalable service-Oriented MiddlewarE over IP) is one of the network protocols defined by AUTOSAR(AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture) and is used for IVNs(in-vehicle networks) based on Ethernet. This paper compared SOME/IP(Scalable service-Oriented MiddlewarE over IP) communication time delay between two devices. For experimental comparison, time delay when exchanging one message is set as a standard. When experimenting with two or more service requests and the client's own throughput, there was a difference in occurrence of time delay. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Time delay

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Multi-channel CNN to classify Nepali COVID-19 related tweets using hybrid features

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2024年第3期15卷 2047-2056页

作者： Sitaula, Chiranjibi Shahi, Tej Bahadur Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Wellington Rd ClaytonVIC3800 Australia Earth Observation and AI Research Group Department of Infrastructure Engineering The University of Melbourne ParkvilleVIC3010 Australia School of Engineering and Technology Central Queensland University Rockhampton Australia Central Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Tribhuvan University TU Rd Kathmandu Kirtipur44618 Nepal

Because of the current COVID-19 pandemic’s increasing fears among people, it has triggered several health complications such as depression and anxiety. Such complications have not only affected developed countries but also developing countries such as Nepal. These complications can be understood from peoples’ tweets and comments posted online after their felicitous analysis and sentiment classification. Nevertheless, owing to the limited number of tokens and words in each tweet, it is crucial to capture multiple pieces of information associated with them for better understanding. In this study, we, first, represent each tweet by combining both syntactic and semantic information, called hybrid features. The syntactic information is generated from the bag-of-words method, whereas the semantic information is generated from the combination of the fastText-based (ft) and domain-specific (ds) methods. Second, we design a novel multi-channel CNN (MCNN) model, which ensembles the multiple CNNs, to capture multi-scale information for better classification. Last, we evaluate the efficacy of both the proposed feature extraction method and the MCNN model classifying tweets into three sentiment classes (positive, neutral, and negative) on the NepCOV19Tweets dataset, which is the only public COVID-19 tweets dataset in the Nepali language. The evaluation results show that the proposed hybrid features outperform individual feature extraction methods with the highest classification accuracy of 69.7% and the MCNN model outperforms the existing methods with the highest classification accuracy of 71.3% during classification. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023.

关键词： COVID-19

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From Ramon Llull To Lov Grover: Towards A Universal Logic Machine 53

From Ramon Llull To Lov Grover: Towards A Universal Logic Ma...

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53rd IEEE International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic, ISMVL 2023

作者： Opsahl, George Perkowski, Marek Portland State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464161

This paper illustrates that Ramon Llull's Logic Machine is a precursor of contemporary computer applications and systems. Logic Machines search the space of all potential solutions and select those that satisfy all constraints. Examples describe SAT solvers, MAX-SAT, and the famous quantum algorithm of Lov Grover satisfiability which forms the basis of Logic Machines as devices composed of a generator and a verifier. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： computer circuits

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A Vulnerability Detection Method for Smart Contracts Based on Dynamic Meta Optimizer

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第13期12卷 24904-24915页

作者： He, Daojing Gong, Wei Chan, Sammy Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Shenzhen China Jiangxi University of Science and Technology School of Information Engineering Jiangxi Ganzhou China City University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical Engineering Hong Kong Hong Kong

With the increasingly complex blockchain technology environment and emerging security threats, the detection and prevention of vulnerabilities in blockchain smart contracts have become crucial for ensuring the healthy development of blockchain technology and avoiding substantial economic losses. Recently developed vulnerability detection methods for smart contracts suffer from the drawbacks of insufficient feature extraction and inadequate multitask detection. This paper proposes a multifaceted learning model, DLR, based on a dual-loop architecture of meta learning to address these issues by adopting model-agnostic meta-learning techniques. This model employs a syntax analyzer for targeted feature extraction, with graph information used as a supporting tool during the initial stage of feature engineering. Combined with an improved optimizer algorithm in the inner loop, the model can effectively learn and adjust based on the specific requirements of each task. In the outer loop, the model achieves efficient learning rate adjustment for multi-task learning by integrating the adaptive learning rate of the Adam optimizer with a global adjustment using simulated annealing strategy, thereby enhancing performance across diverse tasks. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in detection accuracy over state-of-the-art methods for three types of vulnerabilities, with our method achieving detection accuracies of 94.40%, 93.36%, and 94.33% for reentrancy, timestamp dependence, and integer overflow vulnerabilities, respectively. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Review of Novel Hybrid Electric Bicycle with Minimal Cost for Real Time Application 4

Review of Novel Hybrid Electric Bicycle with Minimal Cost fo...

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4th International Conference on Soft Computing for Security Applications, ICSCSA 2024

作者： Felshiya Rajakumari, R. Siva Ramkumar, M. Chandrasekaran, Gokul Kumar, Neelam Sanjeev Kavitha, D. Bangalore College of Engineering and Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Bangalore India SNS College of Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Coimbatore India Karpagam Institute of Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Coimbatore India SRM Institute of Science & Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vadapalani Chennai India Coimbatore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515720

This research work presents the design and development of a hybrid electric bicycle with a primary focus on energy conservation. A hybrid electric vehicle combines two or more energy conversion technologies with one or more storage units, aiming to optimize performance and efficiency. The ultimate goal of this research work is to create a personal transportation vehicle that promotes active mobility while addressing the limitations of traditional bicycles, such as limited range and power, without compromising the inherent benefits. This research proposes a hybrid-electric bicycle that enhances practicality by reducing the physical effort required while allowing for higher speeds. The proposed system incorporates a small permanent magnet DC motor mounted on the rear wheel, powered by lead-acid batteries with a voltage exceeding 24 volts. The hybrid electric bicycle can be recharged through three methods: manual pedaling, connection to a 220-volt AC socket, or solar energy. By combining solar energy with the energy generated through pedaling, the bicycle significantly extends the range achievable with electric power, storing the converted energy in the battery for sustained use. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： DC motors

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Effectiveness Verification of the Dynamic Volt-VAR Control to Reduce SVC Capacity 4

Effectiveness Verification of the Dynamic Volt-VAR Control t...

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4th International Conference on High Voltage engineering and Power Systems, ICHVEPS 2023

作者： Maeda, Haruka Sitompul, Sandro Fujita, Goro Shibaura Institute of Technology Graduate School of Engineering and Science Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Tokyo Japan Shibaura Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350318678

The use of high-penetration solar photovoltaics (PV) to transmission networks is complicated by voltage rise. Infractions of voltage occur when voltage levels surpass the permitted limits. Several solutions have been suggested to avoid voltage breaches, including volt-VAR control on inverters. In this research, the impact of utilizing dynamic volt-VAR control as opposed to static volt-VAR control in a high-penetration photovoltaic (PV) system is compared to the impact of applying static VAR compensator (SVC). With dynamic volt-VAR control, which takes into account the inverter's available reactive power capacity, it is possible to adjust the reactive power contribution of the PV inverter. The quantity of available capacity will affect the force of the control, as expressed by the droop gain. The transmission system's controls are evaluated for one year to determine the number of uncompensated voltage occurrences. The number of violations that the control cannot compensate for affects how much reactive power the SVC must provide. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Reactive power

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