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International Conference on Robotics,electrical and Signal Processing Techniques (ICREST)

作者： Irfan Khan Mehedi Hasan Shamsul Islam Suman Reza Tuhin Reza Erteza Tawsif Efaz Department of Computer Science & Engineering Faridpur Engineering College Faridpur Bangladesh Division of Electrical & Computer Engineering Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana United States

ISBN: (数字)9798331530952

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530969

In Bangladesh, most four-legged intersections use a static-timed or manually-controlled traffic signaling approach, which creates irrefutable congestion and requires human involvement. This paper proposes an adaptive traffic control system utilizing the YOLO object detection framework within CNNs to address this issue. The system captures and frames images using cameras facing every road at a roundabout to detect and count vehicles in real-time for providing lights based on the traffic conditions, prioritizing emergency vehicles such as ambulances, firetrucks, and police-car while also maintaining queues. It sets the signal duration considering road condition. Using a dataset of 10,462 images across 12 classifications of automobiles and a transfer learning approach in YOLOv8, the model achieved a mAP50 score of 0.90. This automated method reasonably enhances traffic flow management by dynamically adjusting signal lights without human intervention.

关键词： YOLO Adaptation models Adaptive systems Roads Transfer learning Traffic control Cameras Real-time systems Vehicle dynamics Software development management

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Analog, Programmable Switched Capacitor FIR Filter Based on Rotator Architecture Implemented in CMOS Technology 26

Analog, Programmable Switched Capacitor FIR Filter Based on ...

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26th IEEE Signal Processing: Algorithms, Architectures, Arrangements, and Applications, SPA 2023

作者： Pawlowski, Pawel Dlugosz, Rafal Radkowski, Marek Watly, Mateusz Dabrowski, Adam Poznań University of Technology Division of Signal Processing and Electronic Systems Faculty of Control Robotics and Electrical Engineering Institute of Automatic Control and Robotics Poznań60-965 Poland Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology Faculty of Telecommunication Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Bydgoszcz85-796 Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9798350304985

The paper presents project and its verification of a prototype integrated circuit containing an analog, programmable finite impulse response (FIR) filter, implemented in CMOS 350 nm technology. The structure of the filter is based on the switched capacitor technique. In circuits of this type, one of main challenges is an efficient implementation of filter coefficients, which result from several factors described in this work. When implementing such filters as programmable circuits, the values of their coefficients have to be limited to a selected range, i.e. a given resolution in bits. In the implemented prototype filter, the filter coefficients are represented by 6 bits in sign-magnitude notation, so they can take 63 different values only. In such filters, it is not possible to directly implement any frequency response of the filter. Each time, it is necessary to properly round the theoretical values of the coefficients so that they fit into the available range of discrete values resulting from the implementation. The authors of the work designed an algorithm that allows such matching. The paper also presents results of measurements of the prototype chip. © 2023 division of Signal Processing and Electronic Systems, Poznan University of Technology (DSPES PUT).

关键词： FIR filters

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How to Control the State Transformation from Short-Term Potentiation to Long-Term Potentiation of Charge Trapping Synapse?

How to Control the State Transformation from Short-Term Pote...

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International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices (SISPAD)

作者： Md. Hasan Raza Ansari Nazek El-Atab SAMA Labs Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division Electrical and Computer Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia

In this work, the charge trapping-based Gate All Around Transistor (GAA) technology is utilized for the artificial synapse due to its superior performance in terms of low power consumption and high speed. The controlling of state transformation of electronic synapses from short-term potentiation (STP) to long-term potentiation (LTP) is crucial. We have investigated the effect of metal gate workfunction and channel doping on state transformation by using a feedback mechanism (impact ionization). This mechanism regulates channel potentiation and the level of charge trapping in the nitride layer. Our simulation results indicate that this approach can effectively control the STP to LTP transition, while also achieving long STP retention and better dynamic range. This study presents a promising direction for developing advanced electronic devices based on charge-trapping-based GAA transistors.

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Photodiode and Analog-Front-End Circuit Design for Wearable Vital Sensing System with Fiber-Bragg-Grating Sensor

Photodiode and Analog-Front-End Circuit Design for Wearable ...

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International Symposium on Devices, Circuits and Systems (ISDCS)

作者： Kaede Kano Koh Johguchi Department of Engineering Electrical and Computer Engineering Division Graduare School of Science and Technology Shinshu University Nagano Japan Electrical and Computer Engineering Division Faculty of Engineering Shinshu University Nagano Japan

A prototype of wearable vital sensing system has been developed with Fiber-Bragg-Gratings senor and 180-nm CMOS image sensor process chip. The system can acquire vital signs by capturing reflecting light with a photodiode. The designed test chip contains two types analog-front-end circuit. The feasibility for a vital sensing was verified with measurements with both of current-voltage conversion type and integral analog-to-digital convertor type.

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Enhancing Biomedical Semantic Annotations through a Knowledge Graph-Based Approach 36th

Enhancing Biomedical Semantic Annotations through a Knowledg...

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36th International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference, FLAIRS-36 2023

作者： Abbas, Asim Khalid, Mutahira Chalarca, Sebastian Keshtkar, Fazel Bukhari, Syed Ahmad Chan Division of Computer Science Mathematics and Science Collins College of Professional Studies St. John’s University Utopia Parkway QueensNY8000 United States School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science NUST IslamabadH-12 Pakistan

An abundance of biomedical data is generated in the form of clinical notes, reports, and research articles available online. This data holds valuable information that requires extraction, retrieval, and transformation into actionable knowledge. However, this information has various access challenges due to the need for precise machine-interpretable semantic metadata required by search engines. Despite search engines’ efforts to interpret the semantics information, they still struggle to index, search, and retrieve relevant information accurately. To address these challenges, we propose a novel graph-based semantic knowledge-sharing approach to enhance the quality of biomedical semantic annotation by engaging biomedical domain experts. In this approach, entities in the knowledge-sharing envi-ronment are interlinked and play critical roles. Authorial queries can be posted on the ’’Knowledge Cafe," and community experts can provide recommendations for semantic annotations. The community can further validate and evaluate the expert responses through a voting scheme resulting in a transformed "Knowl-edge Cafe" environment that functions as a knowledge graph with semantically linked entities. We evaluated the proposed approach through a series of scenarios, resulting in precision, recall, Fl-score, and accuracy assessment matrices. Our results showed an ac-ceptable level of accuracy at approximately 90%. The source code for ’Semantically" is freely available at: https://***/bukharilab/Semantically. © 2023 by the authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Efficient data-driven occupancy detection in office environments and feature impact analysis

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2024年 1-11页

作者： Fouzi, Harrou Ramakrishna, Kini K. Madakyaru, Muddu Ying, Sun Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Computer Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal 576104 India Department of Chemical Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal 576104 India

Occupancy detection is crucial in optimizing building energy efficiency and enhancing occupant comfort. This study introduces an innovative data-driven approach for accurate occupancy detection in an office room environment. Specifically, the methodology combines the advantages of Independent Component Analysis (ICA) to extract essential features from multivariate data and Kantorovitch distance (KD)-based schemes for detection sensitivity. The KD scheme’s detection threshold is computed nonparametrically using kernel density estimation to enhance the sensitivity of occupancy detection. The efficacy of this strategy is evaluated utilizing publicly available data recorded during winter in Mons, Belgium, capturing vital environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 levels through specialized sensors. Results demonstrate that the ICA-KD approach achieves an averaged accuracy of 98.355%, surpassing conventional approaches like Principal Component Analysis (PCA)-based, ICA-based, and other state-of-the-art methods. Additionally, the study uses Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) with XGBoost to explore the impact of input variables on occupancy detection, highlighting the influence of various factors under different testing conditions. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Building occupancy Data-driven Environmental data Occupancy detection Semi-supervised detection

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A Weighted Least-Squares Method for Non-Asymptotic Identification of Markov Parameters from Multiple Trajectories

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2024年第15期58卷 169-174页

作者： Jiabao He Cristian R. Rojas Håkan Hjalmarsson Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology 100 44 Stockholm Sweden

Markov parameters play a key role in system identification. There exists many algorithms where these parameters are estimated using least-squares in a first, pre-processing, step, including subspace identification and multi-step least-squares algorithms, such as Weighted Null-Space Fitting. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in non-asymptotic analysis of estimation algorithms. In this contribution we identify the Markov parameters using weighted least-squares and present non-asymptotic analysis for such estimator. To cover both stable and unstable systems, multiple trajectories are collected. We show that with the optimal weighting matrix, weighted least-squares gives a tighter error bound than ordinary least-squares for the case of non-uniformly distributed measurement errors. Moreover, as the optimal weighting matrix depends on the system’s true parameters, we introduce two methods to consistently estimate the optimal weighting matrix, where the convergence rate of these estimates is also provided. Numerical experiments demonstrate improvements of weighted least-squares over ordinary least-squares in finite sample settings.

关键词： Non-asymptotic identification Markov parameters weighted least-squares

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Weighted Least-Squares PARSIM

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2024年第15期58卷 330-335页

Subspace identification methods (SIMs) have proven very powerful for estimating linear state-space models. To overcome the deficiencies of classical SIMs, a significant number of algorithms has appeared over the last two decades, where most of them involve a common intermediate step, that is to estimate the range space of the extended observability matrix. In this contribution, an optimized version of the parallel and parsimonious SIM (PARSIM), PARSIM opt , is proposed by using weighted least-squares. It not only inherits all the benefits of PARSIM but also attains the best linear unbiased estimator for the above intermediate step. Furthermore, inspired by SIMs based on the predictor form, consistent estimates of the optimal weighting matrix for weighted least-squares are derived. Essential similarities, differences and simulated comparisons of some key SIMs related to our method are also presented.

关键词： Subspace identification ARX model Markov parameters weighted least-squares

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GNSS Array-Based Multipath Detection Employing UKF on Manifolds

GNSS Array-Based Multipath Detection Employing UKF on Manifo...

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IEEE Symposium on Position Location and Navigation (PLANS)

作者： Abdelgabar Ahmed Tarig Ballal Xing Liu Mohanad Ahmed Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9798331523176

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523183

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) applications are often hindered by various sources of error, with multipath interference being one of the most challenging, particularly in urban environments. In this work, we build on previous research by implementing a GNSS array-based multipath detection algorithm, incorporating real-time attitude estimation for dynamic scenarios. The method fuses GNSS and IMU data using an Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) on a manifold, enabling continuous attitude tracking. The proposed approach utilizes attitude information from satellite combinations to identify and exclude multipath-affected satellites, improving the accuracy of both positioning and attitude determination. To address computational challenges associated with evaluating large numbers of satellite combinations, we propose the use of the Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) algorithm, which reduces the number of combinations assessed while maintaining high detection performance. Performance evaluations are conducted using trajectories and IMU readings from the KITTI dataset. GNSS observations are simulated based on ground truth positions and satellite ephemeris. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in detecting satellites affected by multipath interference. Significant improvements in positioning accuracy are observed, particularly in scenarios where a large portion of the visible satellites are contaminated by severe multipath.

关键词： Manifolds Performance evaluation Global navigation satellite system Satellites Accuracy Urban areas Interference Position measurement Real-time systems Trajectory

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Multiscale Modelling of Curved Pixel Arrays 23

Multiscale Modelling of Curved Pixel Arrays

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23rd International Conference on Numerical Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices, NUSOD 2023

作者： Bellotti, Enrico Glennon, John Zhu, Mike Kyrtsos, Alex Glasmann, Andreu Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Boston University 8 St Mary Street BostonMA United States Division of Material Science and Engineering Boston University 8 St Mary Street BostonMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350314298

Large format infrared (IR) detector arrays that provide high image resolution over a wide field of view (WFOV), are of critical importance for both defense and civilian applications, for example surveillance, astronomy, and remote sensing. Reduction of pixel pitch has been aggressively pursued to increase the array format, and the pixel dimension is approaching a size comparable to the wavelength. While significant progress has been made to increase the resolution of IR focal plane arrays (FPA), a considerable effort is still required to design the optics needed to implement the camera. For applications where a WFOV is needed, the camera optics has to be designed to mitigate the optical aberrations that degrade illumination and resolution uniformity across the FPA. This is currently achieved by employing many optical elements to flatten the Petzval field curvature to match the footprint of the planar image sensor. As a result of the complex optics needed to achieve field flattening, and at the same time to minimize other aberrations, the size, weight, and cost of the entire camera increases considerably. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Aberrations

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