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arXiv 2023年

作者： Krestinskaya, Olga Zhang, Li Salama, Khaled Nabil Electrical and Computer Engineering Program the Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955 Saudi Arabia

The amount of data processed in the cloud, the development of Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications, and growing data privacy concerns force the transition from cloud-based to edge-based processing. Limited energy and computational resources on edge push the transition from traditional von Neumann architectures to In-memory Computing (IMC), especially for machine learning and neural network applications. Network compression techniques are applied to implement a neural network on limited hardware resources. Quantization is one of the most efficient network compression techniques allowing to reduce the memory footprint, latency, and energy consumption. This paper provides a comprehensive review of IMC-based Quantized Neural Networks (QNN) and links software-based quantization approaches to IMC hardware implementation. Moreover, open challenges, QNN design requirements, recommendations, and perspectives along with an IMC-based QNN hardware roadmap are provided. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Energy utilization

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Secure and Efficient sEMG Signal Transmission Using Human Body Communication for Upper Limb Prostheses

Secure and Efficient sEMG Signal Transmission Using Human Bo...

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International Conference on e-health Networking, Applications and Services (HealthCom)

作者： Abdelhay Ali Abdulkadir Celik Ahmed M. Eltawil Computer Electrical Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal KSA

ISBN: (数字)9798350350548

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350555

In recent years, surface electromyography (sEMG) signals have emerged as a valuable tool for assisting individuals with physical disabilities. Traditional methods for transmitting sEMG signals often rely on radio frequency (RF) links, which are energy-intensive and lack robust security. This paper presents a new design for a Human Body Communication (HBC) transceiver tailored for sEMG sensors. The proposed HBC transceiver employs an end-to-end autoencoder approach, offering enhanced energy efficiency and security. The architecture supports the required data rates for sEMG applications and is optimized for low power consumption, making it suitable for wearable devices. The results show that the HBC transceiver design demonstrates a peak data rate of 62.5 Kbps and a block error rate of approximately $10^{-2}$ at −5.17 dB of Ec/N0 when operating at a clock speed of 2 MHz. Moreover, the power consumption results indicate that the HBC transceiver consumes 287 $\mu \mathrm{W}$ resulting in an energy efficiency of 4.5 nJ/bit,

关键词： Radio frequency Limbs Power demand Error analysis Autoencoders Transceivers Energy efficiency Security Wearable devices Clocks

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ALMA: Developing a Low Cost Aerosol Characterisation System for Stratospheric Experiments 73

ALMA: Developing a Low Cost Aerosol Characterisation System ...

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73rd International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2022

作者： Gouvalas, Spyros Sanjuan, Uma Cladellas Barnuevo, Nicolas Rodriguez Drews, Allen Alfonso, Carles Quilis Nummisalo, Leia de Loyola Chacartegui Rojo, Íñigo Eritja, Antoni Kuhar, Ivana Sjölund, Joakim Department of Computer Science Electrical and Space Engineering Division of Space Technology Luleå University of Technology Box 848 KirunaSE-981 28 Sweden

Aerosols with varying compositions, and mainly sulphuric aerosols, are a common product of volcanic eruptions. Sulphuric aerosols pose a threat for the environment, as they influence the absorption of the incoming solar radiation by the atmosphere. This type of aerosols are able to remain in the stratosphere for up to three years, as well as follow the global circulations. To analyse and research the impact of volcanic aerosols in the atmosphere, various satellite-borne, ground-based and balloon-borne techniques can be utilised. Balloon missions conducting atmospheric experiments usually carry expensive off-the-shelf instruments to take measurements. Project ALMA (Atmospheric Laser Measurements of Aerosols) presents a low-cost platform for atmospheric research. The main technical objective is to design and build an affordable open-source optical aerosol counter for future balloon-borne missions. This instrument aims to characterise the aerosols and determine their size and concentration at a high latitude location in the troposphere and stratosphere. The main principle used for this counter is Mie scattering, by detecting the aerosols that cross a laser beam. As the goal of the experiment is to correlate the acquired measurements with the global volcanic activity, another off-the-shelf measuring system called ozonesonde will be utilised at the same time. The aim of this instrument is to measure depletion in the ozone levels at different altitudes. This reduction is expected due to interactions of ozone with sulphuric aerosols. With both instruments, ALMA measures vertical profiles of ozone and aerosol concentrations during the balloon ascending phase. This project is being developed and tested as part of the German-Swedish student programme REXUS/BEXUS by students at Lulea University of Technology (LTU) at the Kiruna Space Campus. As such, ALMA will be launching on-board BEXUS 33 in September 2023. The obtained measurements of each instrument will be analysed and co

关键词： Ozone

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Near-Field Channel Estimation for Ultra-Massive MIMO Antenna Array with Hybrid Architecture

Near-Field Channel Estimation for Ultra-Massive MIMO Antenna...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Ahmed Hussain Asmaa Abdallah Ahmed M. Eltawil Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal KSA

ISBN: (数字)9798350303582

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303599

Ultra massive multiple-input-multiple-output (UM-MIMO) has emerged as a prospective capacity-enhancing technology for next generation (NG) networks. To harness its full potential, accurate channel estimation with low pilot overhead becomes paramount. The combination of large antenna arrays and high frequency bands transitions the wireless communication from the far-field to the near-field realm. This transition presents a unique challenge, as channel sparsity in the angular domain becomes unattainable in the presence of near-field spherical wavefronts. Nonetheless, polar-domain sparsity is achievable, allowing existing near-field channel estimation methods to use polar codebooks over the classical angle-based codebooks. However, a major challenge in utilizing polar domain sparsity is the size of the polar codebook, demanding sampling of both distance and angle points across the entire near-field. In this work, we investigate near-field channel response in the beam space domain to redefine the boundaries of polar domain sparsity. We propose a novel polar codebook leveraging our results of sparsity analysis and beamfocusing property of near-field. Unlike existing work, the proposed polar codebook design is agnostic to user range information and has considerably reduced dimensions. Exploiting the new polar codebook, we present the beam focused simultaneous orthogonal matching pursuit (BF-SOMP) algorithm for efficient near-field channel estimation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm surpasses contemporary methods in terms of normalized mean square error (NMSE) and reduced computational complexity.

关键词： Wireless communication Simulation Precoding Channel estimation Matching pursuit algorithms Mean square error methods Sensors

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Online DRL-based Beam Selection for RIS-Aided physical Layer Security: An Experimental Study

Online DRL-based Beam Selection for RIS-Aided Physical Layer...

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IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Ahmed Nasser Abdulkadir Celik Asmaa Abdallah David Lago Cachón Ruiqi Wang Yiming Yang Atif Shamim Ahmed M. Eltawil Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal KSA

ISBN: (数字)9798350351255

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351262

The integration of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) and artificial noise (AN) significantly enhances physical layer security (PLS) in wireless networks, provided that RIS’s phase shifts are precisely optimized to prevent security vulnerabilities. This paper introduces a reinforcement learning (RL)based algorithm designed to optimize the phase shifts in RIS-partitioning-aided PLS systems operating in the millimeter wave (mm-Wave), without requiring channel state information (CSI) for any users. The RL algorithm optimizes the phase shifts by efficiently selecting the best beam from a predefined codebook for different partitions, which simultaneously enhances the intended signal for legitimate users and increases the effectiveness of AN on eavesdroppers, thereby maximizing the system’s secrecy capacity (SC) and addressing the inherent non-convex challenges. Additionally, the paper details the development of an experimental testbed that provides essential data to refine the algorithm. The numerical results from the testbed highlight the significant impact of RIS partitioning in PLS, which can enhance the SC by an average of 55% over the full RIS scenario, and confirm the effectiveness of the RL-based algorithm in reducing computational complexity by approximately 80% compared to the exhaustive search algorithm.

关键词： Wireless networks Search methods Reinforcement learning Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces physical layer security Approximation algorithms Partitioning algorithms Security Optimization Signal to noise ratio

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A Hankelization-Based Neural Network-Assisted Signal Classification in Integrated Sensing and Communication Systems

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 94648-94657页

作者： Zhang, Linyi Ozger, Mustafa Lee, Woong-Hee KTH Royal Institute of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Stockholm16440 Sweden Aalborg University Department of Electronic Systems Copenhagen2450 Denmark Dongguk University-Seoul Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Seoul04620 Korea Republic of

In this paper, we introduce a neural network (NN)-based framework aimed at classifying sensing and communication signals at base stations, improving the efficiency of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems in a bistatic configuration. The framework leverages a key mathematical insight: the Hankelized matrix formed from an equidistantly sampled signal of sparsely superimposed radio waves exhibits a low-rank property, whereas a frequency-modulated signal lacks this characteristic. It ensures that, even in practical environments, the Hankelized matrix of a sensing or communication channel statistically retains the relevant information. Hence, we use the singular values of the Hankelized matrix as the input to the neural NN, while the output is a one-hot encoded vector indicating whether the received signal is intended for sensing or communication. We investigate three scenarios where the communication and sensing signals either use the same or different waveforms in terms of the detection performance of the communication signals. The results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing approaches in classification performance across all scenarios, regardless of whether the communication and sensing signals utilize the same waveform or not. The framework achieves a detection rate of over 95% even at an SNR of 0 dB. Notably, the network performs well in terms of a small number of pilot symbols, a small number of training dataset, and dynamic environments. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency modulation

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A Surface Integral Equation Solver with Full Form of Generalized Sheet Transition Conditions to Simulate Metasurfaces

A Surface Integral Equation Solver with Full Form of General...

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USNC-URSI Radio science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium)

作者： Sebastian Celis Sierra Ran Zhao Hakan Bagci Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Program Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia School of Electronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) Chengdu Sichuan China

ISBN: (数字)9789463968119

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359497

Metasurfaces offer remarkable control over different characteristics of the electromagnetic waves. They can be used to modify the phase, amplitude, polarization, and direction of reflection associated with an incoming incident field. This behavior can be mathematically represented using the generalized sheet transition conditions (GSTCs) (K. Achouri and C. Caloz, Electromagnetic Metasurfaces: Theory and Applications, Wiley, 2021). GSTCs connect the electromagnetic fields on the two sides of the sheet using equivalent bianisotropic electric and magnetic susceptibility tensors. These tensors account for the cumulative electric and magnetic polarization density effect of the unit-cell configurations on the electromagnetic fields.

关键词： Tensors Conferences Integral equations Electromagnetic scattering Metasurfaces Reflection Electromagnetic fields

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Control of Magnetic Skyrmions in an Exchange Biased van der Waals Ferromagnet

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Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada 2023年第1期29卷 1710-1711页

作者： McCray, Arthur R C Lebedev, Dmitry Arpaci, Sevdenur Te Velthuis, Suzanne G E Lopez-Dominguez, Victor Amiri, Pedram Khalili Hersam, Mark C. Petford-Long, Amanda K. Phatak, Charudatta Materials Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL United States Applied Physics Program Northwestern University Evanston IL United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL United States

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Multi-Panel Extra-Large Scale MIMO Based Joint Activity Detection and Channel Estimation for Near-Field Massive IoT Access

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China Communications 2023年第5期20卷 232-243页

作者： Zhen Gao Hanlin Xiu Yikun Mei Anwen Liao Malong Ke Chun Hu Mohamed-Slim Alouini School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China MIIT Key Laboratory of Complex-Field Intelligent Sensing Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China The Advanced Technology Research Institute of Beijing Institute of Technology Jinan 250307China Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology(Jiaxing) Jiaxing 314019China Electrical Engineering Program Division of Physical Sciences and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955Saudi Arabia

The extra-large scale multiple-input multiple-output(XL-MIMO)for the beyond fifth/sixth generation mobile communications is a promising technology to provide Tbps data transmission and stable access ***,the extremely large antenna array aperture arouses the channel near-field effect,resulting in the deteriorated data rate and other challenges in the practice communication ***,multi-panel MIMO technology has attracted extensive attention due to its flexible configuration,low hardware cost,and wider *** combining the XL-MIMO and multi-panel array structure,we construct multi-panel XL-MIMO and apply it to massive Internet of Things(IoT)***,we model the multi-panel XL-MIMO-based near-field channels for massive IoT access scenarios,where the electromagnetic waves corresponding to different panels have different angles of arrival/departure(AoAs/AoDs).Then,by exploiting the sparsity of the near-field massive IoT access channels,we formulate a compressed sensing based joint active user detection(AUD)and channel estimation(CE)problem which is solved by AMP-EM-MMV *** simulation results exhibit the superiority of the AMP-EM-MMV based joint AUD and CE scheme over the baseline algorithms.

关键词： extra-large scale MIMO massive IoT access active user detection channel estimation multipanel approximate message passing

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Simulating Bianisotropic Metasurfaces: A Thin Dielectric Sheet Approach

Simulating Bianisotropic Metasurfaces: A Thin Dielectric She...

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USNC-URSI Radio science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium)

作者： Sebastian Celis Sierra Ran Zhao Hakan Bagci Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia School of Electronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) Chengdu Sichuan China

ISBN: (数字)9789463968119

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359497

Metasurfaces are expected to revolutionize wireless communications due to their ability to enhance different characteristics of electromagnetic wave propagation channels. The response of a metasurface to an electromagnetic excitation is determined by the geometry, the material composition, and the spatial arrangement of its sub-wavelength unit cells. This response can be considered as a spatiotemporal discontinuity in the field and can be mathematically described using the so-called generalized sheet transition conditions (GSTCs) (K. Achouri and C. Caloz, Electromagnetic Metasurfaces: Theory and Applications, Wiley, 2021). The GSTCs connect the electromagnetic fields on two sides of the metasurface using the electric and magnetic bianisotropic susceptibility tensors which effectively represent the metasurface.

关键词： Wireless communication Geometry Tensors Metasurfaces Spatiotemporal phenomena Dielectrics Electromagnetic propagation

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