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18th Symposium on Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications, SPAWDA 2024

作者： Wang, Lei Liu, Hongye Sun, Maoxun Chen, Xiaorong Shen, Liang Qiu, Chongpeng Tian, Zhenhua School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute State University 1145 Perry Street BlacksburgVA24061 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523732

With the growing application of composite materials in sectors such as aerospace, automotive, and wind energy, accurately assessing their mechanical properties is critical for effective non-destructive testing (NDT) and structural health monitoring (SHM). In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element model was developed to generate the fundamental A0 Lamb wave mode within an 8-layer orthotropic laminate, addressing the complexities associated with the anisotropic behavior of composites. Utilizing the Legendre Orthogonal Polynomial Expansion (LOPE) method, we characterized the wave number profile, revealing significant directional dependence in wave propagation across multilayer laminates. The results demonstrated strong agreement between the analytical predictions from the LOPE method and the finite element simulations, confirming the robustness of our modeling approach. Additionally, we introduced an innovative omnidirectional wavefield representation method, effectively mitigating the influence of phase and group velocity steering angles. These findings enhance our understanding of guided wave dynamics in composite materials, offering valuable insights for the development of more effective detection strategies and assessments of structural integrity in complex composite systems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Gravity waves

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ANUBIS: Hybrid FPAA-FPGA Architecture for Entropy-Based True Random Number Generation in Secure UAV Communication

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IEEE Embedded Systems Letters 2025年第3期17卷 164-167页

作者： El-Hadedy, Mohamed Abelian, Andrea Lee, Kenny Cheng, Benny N. Hwu, Wen-Mei California State Polytechnic University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering PomonaCA91768 United States University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Coordinated Science Laboratory ChampaignIL61801 United States Naval Surface Warfare Center Corona Division NorcoCA92860 United States

Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and field-programmable analog arrays (FPAAs) are reconfigurable circuits that enable flexible digital and analog implementations post-manufacturing. FPGAs are widely used in telecommunications, mixed-signal, and embedded systems due to their parallel processing and reconfigurability. Meanwhile, FPAAs provide flexibility for analog systems, which is crucial for modern mixed-signal processing. This letter introduces ANUBIS, a hybrid system combining FPGA and FPAA technologies to generate true random number generators (TRNGs) for secure UAV communication. Due to its reliability and cost efficiency, ANUBIS leverages a thermistor circuit as an entropy source. The FPAA amplifies the analog noise generated by the thermistor, while the FPGA digitizes and processes the signal using Von Neumann whitening (VNW) to remove bias. The ASCON hash function is applied to the whitened bitstream to generate cryptographically secure keys. These keys are utilized in a DHKE to enable secure communication via Bluetooth low energy (BLE), an ideal protocol for energy-constrained UAV applications. ANUBIS demonstrates reconfigurability, power efficiency, and ease of implementation, showcasing its potential for secure communication applications. It achieves robust randomization, setting a new standard for UAV communication security and addressing applications requiring reliable TRNG solutions. The system consumes 1.615 W in total, with 1.54 W consumed by the FPGA and 75 mW by the FPAA. Resource utilization on the PYNQ-Z1 board includes 5186 LUTs (9.75%), 549 units of memory (3.15%), and 5.5 units of BRAM (3.93%), indicating moderate resource usage with room for future enhancements. By integrating reliable analog noise harvesting with efficient digital post-processing, ANUBIS offers a novel approach to TRNG design, demonstrating the potential for broader cryptographic applications in resource-constrained environments. © 2009-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Random number generation

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Inverse designed nanophotonics in thin-film lithium niobate

Inverse designed nanophotonics in thin-film lithium niobate

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Shang, Chengfei Yang, Jingwei Hammond, Alec M. Chen, Zhaoxi Chen, Mo Lin, Zin Johnson, Steven G. Wang, Cheng Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta United States Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute State University Arlington United States

We develop a 3D gradient-based inverse design model specially tailored for the LNOI platform, and experimentally demonstrate a spatial-mode multiplexer, a waveguide crossing and a compact waveguide bend with low loss ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Lithium

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A Transformer Design with PCB Litz Wire Concept for Solid State Transformer

A Transformer Design with PCB Litz Wire Concept for Solid St...

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2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023

作者： Li, Zheqing Jin, Feng Lou, Xin Hsieh, Yi-Hsun Li, Qiang Lee, Fred C. Virginia Polytechnic and State University Center for Power Electronic Systems Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering BlacksburgVA24061 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316445

Litz wire is known for its ability to minimize winding losses in high-frequency applications. However, its implementation in PCB winding poses significant challenges. This paper presents a novel PCB Litz wire concept aimed at minimizing winding loss in high-frequency applications, specifically in the design of a solid-state transformer using PCB-winding-based technology. The proposed PCB Litz wire is designed in a circular winding configuration with curved strands, optimizing its performance. The construction method and the turn-to-turn connection are demonstrated. Factors affecting the resistance of the PCB Litz wire, including the number of strands, their width, and section, are discussed. The results show that compared to traditional PCB winding, the PCB Litz wire achieves a 30% reduction in winding loss and significantly improves current distribution, leading to enhanced thermal performance. To validate the concept's effectiveness, a prototype of a 1.6/1.05kV, 190kHz, 30-kW CLLC converter is built, demonstrating an impressive 98.8% efficiency. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： PCB Litz PCB winding Solid-state transformer (SST) Transformer design

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Cyber Anomaly Detection Design for Microgrids using an Artificial Intelligent-Based Method

Cyber Anomaly Detection Design for Microgrids using an Artif...

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2022 North American Power Symposium, NAPS 2022

作者： Toker, Onur Khalghani, Mohammad Reza Florida Polytechnic University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering LakelandFL33805 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665499217

Due to the heavy integration of cyber and communication networks to microgrids, cyber disruptions can more adversely impact the entire grid and distort the load supply. Therefore, this paper focuses on developing a cyber anomaly detection based on an autoencoder neural network that is an unsupervised learning approach. The autoencoder neural network is generally beneficial for microgrid applications since it can handle unwanted information, such as communication channel noises. The proposed cyber anomaly detection technique is implemented on a microgrid's load frequency control (LFC) subject to cyber intrusions on measurements. The simulation results prove the efficacy of the proposed detection method for an islanded microgrid. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Towards Fair and Scalable Trial Assignment in Federated Bandits: A Shapley Value Approach

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IEEE Transactions on Big Data 2024年 1-14页

作者： Wang, Zibo Zhu, Yifei Wang, Dan Han, Zhu UM-SJTU Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China UM-SJTU Joint Institute and Cooperative Medianet Innovation Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston USA

Federated multi-armed bandits extend the multi-armed bandits framework to the federated learning setting where multiple clients in the same exploration space collaboratively identify the optimal arm. While previous studies demonstrated its efficiency like classical federated learning, in this paper, we present the first work that reveals the serious fairness problem in federated multi-armed bandits when clients have heterogeneous and overlapping armsets. The fairness problem happens because clients with different trial requirements should conduct different numbers of trials summing up to a global requirement, but they wish to minimize their exploration effort. To address the novel fairness concern, we formally formulate the fairness-aware trial assignment as a coalitional game. Based on the theoretically derived trial requirements, we devise a Shapley value-based trial assignment mechanism to guarantee fairness. Regardless of the #P-hard complexity when deriving the general Shapley value, we achieve an accurate computation of trial assignment with polynomial complexity by exploiting its unique characteristic. We further carefully control the numbers of trials in each iteration to resolve the communication bottleneck and minimize the wasted trials. Experiment results show that, compared to the naïve federated scheme, our design outperforms with both high fairness metrics and high efficiency in total trials and communication. IEEE

关键词： Investments

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A Secure H∞based Load Frequency Control for Microgrid under Time-Delay Switch Attacks

A Secure H∞based Load Frequency Control for Microgrid under...

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2022 North American Power Symposium, NAPS 2022

作者： Tabassum, Tambiara Toker, Onur Reza Khalghani, Mohammad Florida Polytechnic University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering LakelandFL33805 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665499217

Rapid integration of cyber and communication networks in microgrids for getting measurements and relaying controls foreshadows many necessary applications such as Load Frequency Control (LFC). The intermittent nature of renewable energy sources and increased integration of Electric Vehicle (EV), make LFC in a microgrid more challenging. These information and communication technologies offer numerous benefits but at the same time it exposes Cyber-Physical Microgrid (CPM) to intentional cyber disruptions. A cyber intrusion disguises itself and may appear as uncertainty such as Time-Delay Switch (TDS) attack and can make the microgrid inefficient or even unstable. This paper proposes a H∞ optimal controller based on mixed-sensitivity loop shaping approach. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Time delay

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Guest Editorial Frontiers in Computational Electromagnetics

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IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 2023年第12期71卷 9175-9177页

作者： Notaros, Branislav M. Andriulli, Francesco P. Bagci, Hakan Colorado State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Fort CollinsCO80 523 United States Politecnico di Torino Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Turin10129 Italy Division Thuwal23955 Saudi Arabia

Computational electromagnetics (CEM) seeks numerical solutions to practical engineering problems involving electromagnetic fields and waves and their interactions with materials and designed structures and systems. While physical measurement of electromagnetic fields is often expensive and impractical, CEM develops cost-effective and efficient simulation tools to analyze, design, and optimize real-world devices, structures, and systems. Advancements in CEM rely on those in mathematical representation of physical problems, numerical foundations of methods and algorithms, and computing hardware and software infrastructure. Indeed, CEM research and practice demand the seamless but also the most advanced combination of advancements in engineering, physics, mathematics, and computer science, holding immense potential for transformative impact. CEM is one of the most challenging areas of computational science and engineering due to the inherent complexity of electromagnetic problems. Unlike problems in other disciplines, electromagnetic problems are truly 3-D, volumetric, and vector-based and involve radiation and interaction at a distance. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Computational electromagnetics

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Analysis of a Transformerless High Step-Down DC-DC Converter

Analysis of a Transformerless High Step-Down DC-DC Converter

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2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023

作者： Truong, Phan Nhat Anh Dung, Nguyen Liu, Yu-Chen Chiu, Huang-Jen National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Taipei Taiwan Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Blacksburg United States National Taipei University of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316445

The analysis and performance of a proposed high step-down DC-DC converter without employing transformers are discussed in this article. The operating principle of the control signals in this proposed converter is similar to the traditional two-phase interleaved buck converter, resulting in a simple controller. Moreover, the proposed converter has lower switches' voltage stress than the traditional buck converter. Therefore, the low voltage rating switches can be considered to achieve low losses, high efficiency, and low cost. Besides, the comparisons between the proposed converter and the previous high step-down topologies are presented to show the benefits of the proposed topology such as lower passive component count and higher effective duty cycle range. The experimental results of the 48W prototype have been provided to validate the theoretical analysis. © 2023 IEEE.

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Chatbots Lifecycle Support Platform 12

Chatbots Lifecycle Support Platform

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12th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications, IDAACS 2023

作者： Nowakowski, Grzegorz Telenyk, Sergii Vovk, Yevhenii Cracow University of Technology Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cracow Poland National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute Kyiv Ukraine

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358056

This article proposes the concept of a platform for the development, accumulation and use of specialised applications - chatbots - that automate functions related to providing information, placing orders and fulfilling orders, and the implementation of multi-stage processes using the capabilities of social networks and messaging programs. This platform is built on the basis of the approach, according to which chatbots are built in several stages. For each of the stages, there are formal models and methods that ensure a high level of automation of work on the creation, development and maintenance of chatbots. Thus, the creation of a chatbot consists in a chain of automated transformations of business processes into transactional systems that allow describing the corresponding state machines, and state machines into formal means of their description in popular messengers. Natural language processing models are used to communicate with the bot and identify user intent. The stages of describing the bot's state machine and the transition to the formal definition of a chatbot in the messenger are demonstrated on a real example. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： bots formal systems IT systems lifecycle support platform

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