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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Xuefeng Pant, Nick Rahman, Sheikh Ifatur Armitage, Rob Rajan, Siddharth Kioupakis, Emmanouil Feezell, Daniel University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM87106 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Lumileds LLC San JoseCA95131 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States

We investigate the impact of quantum well (QW) thickness on efficiency loss in c-plane InGaN/GaN LEDs using a small-signal electroluminescence (SSEL) technique. Multiple mechanisms related to efficiency loss are independently examined, including injection efficiency, carrier density vs. current density relationship, phase space filling (PSF), quantum confined stark effect (QCSE), and Coulomb enhancement. An optimal QW thickness of around 2.7 nm in these InGaN/GaN LEDs was determined for quantum wells having constant In composition. Despite better control of deep-level defects and lower carrier density at a given current density, LEDs with thin QWs still suffer from an imbalance of enhancement effects on the radiative and intrinsic Auger-Meitner recombination coefficients. The imbalance of enhancement effects results in a decline in internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and radiative efficiency with decreasing QW thickness at low current density in LEDs with QW thicknesses below 2.7 nm. We also investigate how LED modulation bandwidth varies with quantum well thickness, identifying the key trends and their implications for device performance. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semiconductor quantum wells

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ANALYSIS OF A SPECIALLY STRUCTURED DESCRIPTOR-LIKE MODEL

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JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE-engineering AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 1994年第1期331卷 35-42页

作者： ANSARY, A Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Pennsylvania State University at Harrisburg Middletown PA 17057 U.S.A.

The analysis of a system model with special structured properties is presented in this paper. In particular, the analytical and simulation techniques for computing the system response in the context of a descriptor-like model is developed. In addition, the stability theorems for this model are also developed. This includes the formulation of both the classical and modern stability methods. The latter method leads to a generalized form of the Liapunov equation. The computational saving associated with using the methods developed here is also discussed.

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Optical implementation of a parallel fuzzy flip-flop

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MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 1997年第1期16卷 44-48页

作者： Zhang, SQ Karim, MA Chen, XW Alam, MF Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Electro-Optics Program University of Dayton Dayton Ohio 45469-0226

The concept of an optical fuzzy flip-flop, as an essential and basic component for the effective processing of fuzzy information, is introduced. A design based on the area-encoding technique and a multiple-imaging sys... 详细信息

关键词： optical fuzzy flip-flop area-encoding technique

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CHARACTERISTICS OF JUNCTIONS MADE BETWEEN PB AND BI2SR2CACU2O8+X

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS 1991年第2期27卷 935-938页

作者： YANG, YF NORDMAN, JE Materials Science Program Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin Madison Madison WI USA

Investigations on the junctions made between Pb and polycrystalline Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (BSCCO) are reported. The BSCCO surfaces were treated with number of methods including mechanically scraping, plasma sputtering, plasma oxidation, and Br etch before junctions were fabricated. The current-voltage characteristics and dynamic resistance (dV/dI) vs voltage have been measured at both 77K and 4.2K. We observed, among other features, a Pb gap structure similar to that seen in Pb/YBa2Cu3O7-delta junctions, a magnetic dependent supercurrent, an asymmetric I-V curve, and narrow resistance peaks. Properties of junctions prepared in different manners are compared. Both XPS and electrical studies indicated that Br etch is not suitable for the BiSrCaCuO system in spite of its successful application in YBa2Cu3O7-delta.

关键词： Plasma measurements Bismuth compounds Plasma applications Plasma properties Strontium Surface resistance Surface treatment Sputtering Oxidation Sputter etching

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Erratum to “MiNuGAN: Dual segmentation of mitoses and nuclei using conditional GANs on multi-center breast H&E images” [Journal of Pathology Informatics Volume 13, 2022, 100002]

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Journal of Pathology Informatics 2025年 17卷 100426-100426页

作者： Salar Razavi Fariba D. Khameneh Hana Nouri Dimitrios Androutsos Susan J. Done April Khademi Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Ryerson University Toronto Ontario Canada Laboratory Medicine Program University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada

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Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy for Knee Osteoarthritis Using a Deep Learning Approach

Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy for Knee Osteoarthritis Using ...

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International Symposium on Applied Science 2024, ISAS 2024

作者： Raza, Aquib Ching, Congo Tak Shing Liu, Peng-Ta Phan, Thien-Luan Tran, Ngoc-Luan Nguyen, Ha Anh T. Rameez, Mohammad Li, Hung-Chung Linh, Dao Nguyen Phuong Van Hieu, Nguyen Tran, Trung Nghia National Taiwan University Taipei City10673 Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Academia Sinica Taipei City11529 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Chi Nan University Nantou County Taiwan Advanced Plant and Food Crop Biotechnology Center National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan International Doctoral Program in Agriculture National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Fall Prevention Center Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua500 Taiwan Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering University of Science Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City70000 Viet Nam Department of Computer Science University of York York HeslingtonYO10 5DD United Kingdom Undergraduate Program of Intellectual Creativity Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Ho Chi Minh City72409 Viet Nam HCMUT Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Thu Duc Ho Chi Minh City71308 Viet Nam

This research introduces a deep learning framework that combines convolutional neural networks with autoencoders to improve the diagnostic accuracy of knee osteoarthritis. The study utilized a publicly available dataset from the Mendeley Data repository, where knee joint images were preprocessed using Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization to enhance contrast and ensure consistent image sizing. Initially, an autoencoder was employed in an unsupervised manner to learn compressed representations of the data. These representations were then used to train a CNN to classify knee images into 'healthy' and 'osteoarthritic' categories. The model was trained using an 80:20 split for training and testing data, incorporating early stopping and data augmentation techniques to prevent overfitting and enhance generalization. Performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROCAUC) were used to evaluate the model, resulting in a high test accuracy of 98.95%. The high precision and recall rates further confirmed the model's robustness in diagnosing KOA. To enhance interpretability, Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) was applied to identify critical regions in the images that influenced the model's decisions. Additionally, t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) was used to visualize the high-dimensional encoded features in a two-dimensional space, providing deeper insights into how the model differentiates between classes. The promising results of this deep learning approach suggest its potential for broader applications in medical imaging diagnostics. By providing healthcare professionals with a tool that enhances diagnostic accuracy and operational efficiency, this framework lays the foundation for developing scalable, AI-driven diagnostic systems for various complex medical conditions. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Joints (anatomy)

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BENCHMARKING COMMUNITY DRUG RESPONSE PREDICTION MODELS: DATASETS, MODELS, TOOLS, AND METRICS FOR CROSS-DATASET GENERALIZATION ANALYSIS

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Partin, Alexander Vasanthakumari, Priyanka Narykov, Oleksandr Wilke, Andreas Koussa, Natasha Jones, Sara E. Zhu, Yitan Overbeek, Jamie C. Jain, Rajeev Fernando, Gayara Demini Sanchez-Villalobos, Cesar Garcia-Cardona, Cristina Mohd-Yusof, Jamaludin Chia, Nicholas Wozniak, Justin M. Ghosh, Souparno Pal, Ranadip Brettin, Thomas S. Weil, M. Ryan Stevens, Rick L. Division of Data Science and Learning Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL United States Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Cancer Data Science Initiatives Cancer Research Technology Program FrederickMD United States Department of Statistics University of Nebraska–Lincoln LincolnNE United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Texas Tech University LubbockTX United States Division of Computer Computational and Statistical Sciences Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM United States Department of Computer Science The University of Chicago ChicagoIL United States

Deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) models have shown promise in drug response prediction (DRP), yet their ability to generalize across datasets remains an open question, raising concerns about their real-world applicability. Due to the lack of standardized benchmarking approaches, model evaluations and comparisons often rely on inconsistent datasets and evaluation criteria, making it difficult to assess true predictive capabilities. In this work, we introduce a benchmarking framework for evaluating cross-dataset prediction generalization in DRP models. Our framework incorporates five publicly available drug screening datasets, six standardized DRP models, and a scalable workflow for systematic evaluation. To assess model generalization, we introduce a set of evaluation metrics that quantify both absolute performance (e.g., predictive accuracy across datasets) and relative performance (e.g., performance drop compared to within-dataset results), enabling a more comprehensive assessment of model transferability. Our results reveal substantial performance drops when models are tested on unseen datasets, underscoring the importance of rigorous generalization assessments. While several models demonstrate relatively strong cross-dataset generalization, no single model consistently outperforms across all datasets. Furthermore, we identify CTRPv2 as the most effective source dataset for training, yielding higher generalization scores across target datasets. By sharing this standardized evaluation framework with the community, our study aims to establish a rigorous foundation for model comparison, and accelerate the development of robust DRP models for real-world applications. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Prediction models

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WISH:wavefront imaging sensor with high resolution

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Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 818-827页

作者： Yicheng Wu Manoj Kumar Sharma Ashok Veeraraghavan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTXUSA Applied Physics Program Rice UniversityHoustonTXUSA

Wavefront sensing is the simultaneous measurement of the amplitude and phase of an incoming optical *** wavefront sensors such as Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor(SHWFS)suffer from a fundamental tradeoff between spatial resolution and phase estimation and consequently can only achieve a resolution of a few thousand *** break this tradeoff,we present a novel computational-imaging-based technique,namely,the Wavefront Imaging Sensor with High resolution(WISH).We replace the microlens array in SHWFS with a spatial light modulator(SLM)and use a computational phase-retrieval algorithm to recover the incident *** wavefront sensor can measure highly varying optical fields at more than 10-megapixel resolution with the fine phase *** the best of our knowledge,this resolution is an order of magnitude higher than the current noninterferometric wavefront *** demonstrate the capability of WISH,we present three applications,which cover a wide range of spatial ***,we produce the diffraction-limited reconstruction for long-distance imaging by combining WISH with a large-aperture,low-quality Fresnel ***,we show the recovery of high-resolution images of objects that are obscured by ***,we show that WISH can be used as a microscope without an objective *** study suggests that the designing principle of WISH,which combines optical modulators and computational algorithms to sense high-resolution optical fields,enables improved capabilities in many existing applications while revealing entirely new,hitherto unexplored application areas.

关键词： estimation. field. resolution

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Comprehensive prediction of outcomes in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) using tree-based machine learning algorithms

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computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年 184卷 109439-109439页

作者： Razavi, Seyed Reza Zaremba, Alexander C. Szun, Tyler Cheung, Seth Shah, Ashish H. Moussavi, Zahra Biomedical Engineering Program University of Manitoba WinnipegMBR3T 5V6 Canada Department of Medicine Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba WinnipegMBR3E 3P5 Canada St Boniface Hospital University of Manitoba WinnipegMBR2H 2A6 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Manitoba WinnipegMBR3T 5V6 Canada

ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), a subtype of acute coronary syndrome, is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Revascularization using primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is the gold standard treatment. Despite the restoration of myocardial blood flow, some patients experience adverse outcomes. Early detection of high-risk patients would facilitate timely management, potentially improving their morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. In-depth characterization of the aortic pressure (AP) waveform may identify a high-risk patient cohort. We present tree-based classifiers and features extracted from the AP signals to identify patients at risk of adverse outcomes. This is a single-center, retrospective cohort study that included 605 eligible STEMI patients [64.2 ± 13.2 years, 71.4 % (432) males] treated with PPCI. Outcomes, including mortality (within 30-day and 1-year), and in-hospital events such as prolonged in-hospital stay (>4 days) for medical reasons, a new diagnosis of heart failure (HF), diuretic use for more than 24 h, intubation-ventilation or BiPAP use, and inotropic and/or vasopressor use, were recorded. We extracted features mainly from denoised AP signals recorded during PPCI, followed by different feature selection algorithms and classification methods to predict outcomes. Various classifiers such as tree-based classifiers, including random forest (RF), adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and CatBoost, were used. Using recursive feature elimination (RFE) as the feature selection method and the CatBoost classifier, we achieved a receiver operating characteristic curve's area under the curve (AUC) of 80 % for all outcomes except for the new diagnosis of HF and diuretic use (>24 h). For the new diagnosis of HF and diuretic use (>24 h), the AUC values were 73 % and 79 %, respectively. In conclusion, tree-based classifiers using features extracted from AP traces can effectively identi

关键词： Adaptive boosting

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The modified Allen test and a novel objective screening algorithm for hand collateral circulation using differential photoplethysmography for preoperative assessment: a pilot study

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Journal of Medical engineering and Technology 2020年第2期44卷 82-93页

作者： Elwali, Ahmed Moussavi, Zahra Biomedical Engineering Program University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada

Hand-ischemia and artery-thrombosis are serious complications of hand artery cannulation/grafting. Screening the patency of hand arteries reduces the complications. Modified Allen Test (MAT), Barbeau's test, and Doppler/Duplex-ultrasonic test screen hand arterial patency. Each of them, however, either lacks objectivity, requires subject cooperation, or is not readily available in operating rooms. In this pilot study, we aim to provide a novel, objective, reliable, and inexpensive alternative using differential photo-plethysmography (PPG) measurement, and an artery selection algorithm. For 11 participants, MAT was executed, and PPG measurements of the thumb and little fingers were recorded for left and right hands separately. For each hand, four evaluations were conducted, then fed into the artery selection algorithm. Our proposed procedure has shown congruent results with the anatomy of blood circulation. It identified two arteries in two participants causing >50% blood reduction in the hand due to their occlusion. It also showed an elevated risk of accessing an artery in another 8 participants. Once the results of this study are confirmed in larger samples, the proposed procedure/algorithm may provide many indicators of the hand blood circulation, the effect of an artery occlusion on the hand, and a recommendation for selecting the best artery to access with the lowest possible complications. © 2020, © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Diseases

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