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作者： Lee, Chin C. Chuang, Ricky W. Elec. Eng. and Computer Science Mat. Science and Engineering Program University of California Irvine CA 92697-2625 United States Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

A dry electromigration technique was developed to fabricate deep multimode channel and planar waveguides on BK7 optical glass. In contrast to earlier ion exchange processes based on thermal diffusion, a relatively high electric field (∼440V/mm) was applied on the glass to accelerate the field-driven ion exchange process by expeditiously replacing host sodium ions in the glass with silver ions. As a result, the process temperature is significantly reduced, leading to lower optical attenuation on the waveguides. Lowest optical loss was achieved on waveguides fabricated at 320°C. The increase on the index of refraction for the planar waveguide was determined to be 0.076 using the prism coupling method. The optical loss for channel waveguides was measured using the edge coupling technique with a 0.6328μm He-Ne laser. Loss of 2dB/cm was obtained for channel waveguides of 25μm in depth, relatively low for waveguides of such depth at red wavelength. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscope was utilized to obtain the concentration profile of silver ions in the waveguide region. A modified Huggins-Sun model with Gladstone-Dale relation was employed to deduce the refractive index profile from the silver ion concentration profile. A nearly step-like profile was observed from every deep multimode waveguide fabricated. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electromigration

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Robust bayesian cameras motion estimation using random sampling

Robust bayesian cameras motion estimation using random sampl...

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2004 International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP 2004

作者： Qian, Gang Chellappa, Rama Zheng, Qinfen Department of Electrical Engineering and Arts Media and Engineering Program Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-8706 Center for Automation Research Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College Park MD 20742-3275

In this paper, we propose an algorithm for robust 3D motion estimation of wide baseline cameras from noisy feature correspondences. The posterior probability density function of the camera motion parameters is represented by weighted samples. The algorithm employs a hierarchy coarse-to-fine strategy. First, a coarse prior distribution of camera motion parameters is estimated using the random sample consensus scheme (RANSAC). Based on this estimate, a refined posterior distribution of camera motion parameters can then be obtained through importance sampling. Experimental results using both synthetic and real image sequences indicate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm. ©2004 IEEE.

关键词： Motion estimation

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Joint semi-blind channel estimation and data detection for MIMO-OFDM systems

Joint semi-blind channel estimation and data detection for M...

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Proceedings of the IEEE 6th Circuits and Systems Symposium on Emerging Technologies: Frontiers of Mobile and Wireless Communication

作者： Yue, Jiang Kim, Kyeong Jin Reid, Tony Gibson, Jerry D. Department of Electrical Engineering Southern Methodist University Dallas TX 75275 Nokia Research Center 6000 Connection Dr. Irving TX 75039 Media Arts and Technology Program Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106-6065

ISBN: (纸本)0780379381

In MEMO systems, where multiple antennas are used at both transmitter and receiver to achieve high spectral efficiency, channel impulse reponses are often assumed to be constant over a block or packet This assumption of block stationarity on channels is valid for most fixed wireless scenarios. However, for communications in a high mobility environment, the assumption will result in considerable performance degradation. In this paper, we focus on channel estimation for a MIMO system with OFDM transmission technique. In our system, pilots are placed on NP subcarriers for a novel channel estimation at the receiver with Kalman filters. With the channels estimated by a Kalman filter, we apply the QRD-M algorithm for suboptimal data detection with reasonable computational cost The outputs of data detection are fed back to another Kalman filter for an improved channel estimation. By alternatively and iteratively using these two Kalman filters, a better channel estimation can be obtained. A simulation result of the bit error rate shows the improvement of 10 dB in SNR with four iterations over non-iteration.

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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A proposal for an integrated utilities engineering-Management M.S. program

A proposal for an integrated utilities Engineering-Managemen...

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2004 37th Annual Frontiers of Power Conference

作者： Barnes, Frank S. Fuchs, Ewald F. Tietjen, Jill S. Silverstein, Joann Ko, Hon-Yim Lookabaugh, Tom Brown, Timothy X. Sicker, Douglas C. University of Colorado AAAS IEEE International Engineering Consortium National Academy of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering LLC McNeil Technologies Board for Girl Scouts Mile Hi Council Georgia Transmission Corporation of Tucker GA ABET Inc. National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying SWE IEEE Power Engineering Society Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering UCB National Water Research Institute Women in Engineering Program Center of the American West College of Engineering Department of Civil Environmental and Archetectural Engineering University of Colorado Jet Propulsion Laboratory Computer Science Department Interdisciplinary Telecommunications Program University of Colorado Boulder University of Colorado Boulder Electrical Engineering and Interdisciplinary Telecommunications University of Colorado Boulder Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Boulder ITP Laboratory ACM Internet Society Faculty of the Progress and Freedom Foundation Institute for Regulatory Law and Economics Aspen Institute Communications and Society Program CU Computer and Communications Security Center Center for Science and Technology Policy Research Research and Engineering Center for Unmanned Vehicles Electrical and Computer Engineering Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering

Electric, water, gas and transportation utilities face severe challenges associated with security, quality, availability, reliability and profitability issues. They must solve interrelated system problems with respect to generation of electricity, transportation of fuel, and potable as well as waste water. In the future, engineers and managers of utilities must be well versed in the different disciplines of engineering including electrical civil, mechanical and information technology. The university of Colorado at Boulder addresses this educational opportunity by proposing a novel Integrated Utilities Management program for M.S. candidates who have a solid B.S. background or equivalent in a related discipline. The M.S. program will consist of four interdisciplinary paths dealing with business management and legal topics as they relate to federal and state regulatory issues, as well as agency and people-related leadership issues. The electric utilities option of this program will be centered on three core courses related to electric power generation/transmission and distribution, security and availability, quality and reliability, economics and environmental policy, and utility finance;two elective courses from a group of courses that address nuclear power, waste water, solid waste, telecommunications, renewable energies, data communication, fuels and case studies;and one capstone course consisting of either operations research or the investigation and resolution of a pending utility project such as the right-of-way of transmission lines, specification of new power plants, retrofitting of power plants or their impact on the environment. It is expected that candidates for this MS program will come from universities, from utilities, and from private and public agencies. The MS program can be completed by full- or part time students within one or two years of intensive study, respectively. Courses will be taught both on campus and nationwide via the Center for Advanced

关键词： Public utilities

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An implementation of indoor location detection systems based on identifying codes

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2004年 3283卷 175-189页

作者： Ungrangsi, Rachanee Trachtenberg, Ari Starobinski, David Computer Science Program Shinawatra University Pathumtani 12160 Thailand Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Boston University MA 02215 United States

We present the design, implementation and evaluation of a location detection system built over a Radio Frequency network based on the IEEE 802.11 standard. Our system employs beacons to broadcast identifying packets from strategic positions within a building infrastructure in such a way that each resolvable position is covered by a unique collection of beacons;a user of such a system can thus determine his location by means of the beacon packets received. The locations from which beacons broadcast is determined from a formalization of the problem based on identifying codes over arbitrary graphs. We present experimental evidence that our location detecting system is practical and useful, and that it can achieve good accuracy even with a very small number of beacons. © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2004.

关键词： Location

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Carbon nanotube growth from Cu–Co alloys for field emission applications

Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics a...

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Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena 2004年第3期22卷 1286-1289页

作者： W. Hofmeister W. P. Kang Y. M. Wong J. L. Davidson Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Material Science Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Material Science and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235

We have developed a method of catalyst preparation for carbon nanotube (CNT) growth that uses solid-state diffusion to precipitate Co particles in a Cu matrix and control the size and size distribution of catalyst particles. Copper is an excellent electrical and thermal conductor, and has a small or negligible solubility for Co. Cu–Co alloys of approximately 5 atm% Co were formed in bulk by splat quenching the liquid alloy and on Si substrates by e-beam evaporation of the alloy, sputtering of the alloy, and sputter deposition of thin films of pure Cu and Co. The Co easily precipitates from dilute solutions of Cu–Co with heat treatment. These alloys and films were used to generate uniform distributions of Co precipitates, and CNTs were successfully grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PE-CVD) and thermal CVD on the materials. These alloys can be patterned by photolithography and sputtering in order to grow CNTs in defined locations. Therefore, the technique is amenable to very large scale silicon integration for field emission applications. The results of this work and data from field emission studies are presented herein.

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Functional optical coherence tomography of neurophysiology

Functional optical coherence tomography of neurophysiology

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Biomedical Topical Meeting, BIOMED 2004

作者： Boppart, Stephen A. Lazebnik, Mariya Vinegoni, Claudio Bowonder, Anupama Marks, Daniel L. Gillette, Rhanor Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology Bioengineering Program College of Medicine University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 405 N. Mathews Ave. UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign United States Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign United States

Functional optical coherence tomography (fOCT) is used to record optical changes that correspond to spontaneous and stimulated electrical activity in neural tissue. FOCT provides a high-resolution, real-time, non-inva... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557527695

关键词： Optical tomography

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System dynamics of supply chain network organization structure

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Information Systems and e-Business Management 2004年第2期2卷 187-206页

作者： Zhang, Yong Dilts, David Management of Technology Program Vanderbilt University Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Department School of Engineering Nashville USA Owen Graduate School of Management Vanderbilt University Nashville USA

Information technology is providing manufacturers with additional flexibility with regard to their supply chain network choices. Our research studies supply chain network organization structures categorized by the organic and mechanistic management control structures. The structural impacts on cost and fill rate performance are studied in two-echelon and two-supply-chain network organization models under different market coordination conditions using system dynamic simulations. Our results show significant effects of demand and network structural factors, and their interactions, on these measures. As demand becomes dynamic, the cooperative interaction model, where supply chains cooperate to satisfy customer demand, is found to have better system performance than the competitive supply chain model. The analysis also suggests that increasing the responsiveness at the downstream plant is particularly important to the overall system performance improvement.

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Microsystems for Peptide Array Synthesis and Bead Affinity Chromatography

Microsystems for Peptide Array Synthesis and Bead Affinity C...

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8th Chinese International Peptide Symposium

作者： Dong-Sik SHIN Do-Hyun KIM Woo-Jae CHUNG Kook-Nyung LEE Min-Su KIM Suhyung CHO Yong-Kweon KIM Byung-Gee KIM Yoon-Sik LEE School of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 Korea School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 Korea School of Chemical Engineering

The miniaturization of chemical synthesis and analysis systems has gained enormous interest recently. In particular, the important progress has been achieved in the area of micro-fluidic devices for biomolecular analysis. These micro synthesis and analytical devices offer many advantages, for example, labor and cost savings over the conventional systems. We have developed two different methods for micro peptide synthesis on a glass chip surface, spotting method and photolithography method. We have modified the glass surfaces in various ways for the effective pep-tide synthesis and high-throughput screenings and proved that hydrophilic polymer modified surfaces are suitable for peptide synthesis and bioassays. We have also devised a micro bead affinity chromatography (BAC) system on a sil-

关键词： aptamer Microsystems for Peptide Array Synthesis and Bead Affinity Chromatography

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A summating, exponentially-decaying CMOS synapse for spiking neural systems

A summating, exponentially-decaying CMOS synapse for spiking...

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17th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NIPS 2003

作者： Shi, Rock Z. Horiuchi, Timothy Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0262201526

Synapses are a critical element of biologically-realistic, spike-based neural computation, serving the role of communication, computation, and modification. Many different circuit implementations of synapse function exist with different computational goals in mind. In this paper we describe a new CMOS synapse design that separately controls quiescent leak current, synaptic gain, and time-constant of decay. This circuit implements part of a commonly-used kinetic model of synaptic conductance. We show a theoretical analysis and experimental data for prototypes fabricated in a commercially-available 1.5μm CMOS process.

关键词： CMOS integrated circuits

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