We describe a computer model of intracranial pressure (ICP) dynamics that evaluates clinical treatment options for elevated ICP during traumatic brain injury (TBI). The model uses fluid volumes as primary state variab...
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We describe a computer model of intracranial pressure (ICP) dynamics that evaluates clinical treatment options for elevated ICP during traumatic brain injury (TBI). The model uses fluid volumes as primary state variables and explicitly models fluid flows as well as the resistance, compliance, and pressure associated with each intra- and extracranial compartment (arteries and arterioles, capillary bed, veins, venous sinus, ventricles, and brain parenchyma). The model evaluates clinical events and therapies such as intraand extra-parenchymal hemorrhage, cerebral edema, cerebrospinal fluid drainage, mannitol administration, head elevation, and mild hyperventilation. The model is able to replicate observed clinical behavior in many cases, including elevated ICP associated with severe cerebral edema following subdural, epidural, or intraparenchymal hematoma. The model also mimics cerebrovascular regulatory mechanisms that are activated during TBI.
This paper discusses a comprehensive strategic approach being carried out by the A. James Clark School of engineering at the university of Maryland for facilitating technology entrepreneurship for undergraduate and gr...
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This paper discusses a comprehensive strategic approach being carried out by the A. James Clark School of engineering at the university of Maryland for facilitating technology entrepreneurship for undergraduate and graduate students as well as faculty in diverse technical disciplines. Our objectives are to foster an increasingly entrepreneurial culture that helps students and faculty understand the fundamentals and feasibility of forming technology enterprise, to help them establish and manage sustainable ventures and to accelerate commercialization of technologies developed on campus.
In this paper we analyze the use of research activities as learning instrument in electricalengineering and computer science. This pedagogic approach was applied in undergraduate disciplines, undergraduate teaching a...
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In this paper we analyze the use of research activities as learning instrument in electricalengineering and computer science. This pedagogic approach was applied in undergraduate disciplines, undergraduate teaching assistance and undergraduate research projects. Our main goals are optimize the learning process using research and motivate the use of research activities as learning instrument.
The Level 1 Muon Trigger subsystem for BTeV will be implemented using the same architectural building blocks as the BTeV Level 1 Pixel Trigger: pipelined field programmable gate arrays feeding a farm of dedicated proc...
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The Level 1 Muon Trigger subsystem for BTeV will be implemented using the same architectural building blocks as the BTeV Level 1 Pixel Trigger: pipelined field programmable gate arrays feeding a farm of dedicated processing elements. The muon trigger algorithm identifies candidate tracks, and is sensitive to the muon charge (sign);candidate dimuon events are identified by complementary charge track-pairs. To insure that the trigger is operating effectively, the trigger development team is actively collaborating in an independent multi-university research program for reliable, self-aware, fault adaptive behavior in real-time embedded systems (RTES). Key elements of the architecture, algorithm, performance, and engineered reliability are presented.
This paper investigates the application of a knowledge-based approach, founded on semantic networks, to the automatic land use mapping assisted by low resolution satellite images. Like the visual photo-interpretation,...
This paper investigates the application of a knowledge-based approach, founded on semantic networks, to the automatic land use mapping assisted by low resolution satellite images. Like the visual photo-interpretation, the automatic image interpretation considers scene and sensors knowledge, delivered by an expert photo-interpreter, as well as additional information about the region like the digital elevation model, the position of the emergent rocks, the mapping of the water bodies and the road-network. By this means, the analysis of a scene can be automatically performed, mimicking the reasoning of the photo-interpreter. The implementation of such proposal employed the GEOAIDA [J. Buckner et al., June 2001] system, a flexible environment for image interpretation developed at the university of Hanover, which exploits semantic networks to structure the domain specific knowledge. In the reported experiments, a multispectral SPOT 3 XS image was analysed resulting were evaluated and compared with a manually made reference map of the investigated scene. The automatically obtained results were evaluated and compared with a manually made reference map of the investigated scene. The experimental results demonstrate the potential of a knowledge-based approach for low resolution satellite images interpretation.
Aboard current ships, such as the DDG 51, engineering control and damage control activities are manpower intensive. It is anticipated that, for future combatants, the workload demand arising from operation of systems ...
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Aboard current ships, such as the DDG 51, engineering control and damage control activities are manpower intensive. It is anticipated that, for future combatants, the workload demand arising from operation of systems under conditions of normal steaming and during casualty response will need to be markedly reduced via automated monitoring, autonomous control, and other technology initiatives. Current DDG 51 class ships can be considered as a manpower baseline and under Condition III typical engineering control involves seven to eight watchstanders at manned stations in the Central Control Station, the engine rooms and other machinery spaces. In contrast to this manning level, initiatives such as DD 21 and the integrated engineering plant (IEP) envision a partnership between the operator and the automation system, with more and more of the operator's functions being shifted to the automation system as manning levels decrease. This paper describes some human systems integration studies of workload demand reduction and, consequently, manning reduction that can be achieved due to application of several advanced technology concepts. Advanced system concept studies in relation to workload demand are described and reviewed including. Piecemeal applications of diverse automation and remote control technology concepts to selected high driver tasks in current DDG 51 activities. Development of the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence system that will provide automated monitoring and display to operators of machinery health, compartment conditions, and personnel health. The IEP envisions the machinery control system as a provider of resources that are used by various consumers around the ship. Resource needs and consumer priorities are at all times dependent upon the ship's current mission and the availability of equipment pawnbrokers.
The university of Notre Dame has developed a new first year engineeringprogram, and central to that program is a two-course sequence entitled "Introduction to engineering Systems." These courses use a seque...
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The university of Notre Dame has developed a new first year engineeringprogram, and central to that program is a two-course sequence entitled "Introduction to engineering Systems." These courses use a sequence of team-based, multidisciplinary projects to introduce students to the engineering profession and to assist them in developing fundamental problem-solving skills common to all engineering disciplines. This paper describes how these new courses were developed and outlines the learning objectives for the courses. It includes details on the implementation of the courses and the four projects that are central to these two courses. The paper details the ongoing assessment activities and the progress toward achieving the various desired outcomes set-forth for the courses.
Combined with antenna diversity, space-time coding is an attractive candidate for high-rate transmission systems such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. In this paper, we propose space-time ...
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Combined with antenna diversity, space-time coding is an attractive candidate for high-rate transmission systems such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. In this paper, we propose space-time block coded OFDM systems that use training symbols coded by STBC. We use two training symbols at the beginning of each of two OFDM frames that are simultaneously transmitted from two corresponding transmit antennas. Based on the orthogonality of space-time block codes, we perform channel estimation by using training symbols, and compare to EM-based channel estimation methods. From the simulation results, we observe that our space-time block coding technique offers a good approach to channel estimation and better signal quality than the EM-based method.
In this paper we present a new, adaptive spatial-derivative circuit for CMOS image sensors. The circuit removes its offset as a natural part of its operation using a combination of electron tunneling and hot-electron ...
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In this paper we present a new, adaptive spatial-derivative circuit for CMOS image sensors. The circuit removes its offset as a natural part of its operation using a combination of electron tunneling and hot-electron injection to add or remove charge on a floating-gate of an auto-zeroing amplifier. We designed, fabricated and successfully tested a chip with the circuit. Test results show that the circuit reduces the offsets by more than an order of magnitude.
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