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2002 International Symposium on Distributed Computing and Applications for Business engineering and Science

作者： Joseph W.Haus Majeed M.Hayat Electro-Optics Program The University of Dayton Dayton OH45469-0245 Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering The University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM87131-1356

We report the OpenMP parallel implementation of a finite difference time domain (FDTD) method for computational electrodynamics. We have identified several time-intensive procedures in the program and parallelized the major loops within them after careful examination. Different loop scheduling schemes have been used and tested in order to reduce computation times. The final parallelized version speeds up the computation by nearly a factor of four between the single processor and eight processor test runs on an SGI Origin 2000 parallel system. The speedup plateaus after eight CPUs, but we expect better scalability will be achieved if larger problem sizes are used. Besides the advantage of reduced execution times, our parallel program can also solve FDTD problems of much larger sizes than the sequential code due to much larger memory space available to us on parallel systems.

关键词： domain OpenMP Parallel Implementation of Finite Difference Time Domain Electromagnetism Application

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The importance of nonlinear order in modeling intermodulation distortion and spectral regrowth

The importance of nonlinear order in modeling intermodulatio...

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IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS formerly RAWCON)

作者： K.M. Gharaibeh K. Gard H. Gutierrez M.B. Steer Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh USA Qualcomm CDMA Technologies Inc. Diego USA Mechanical Engineering Program Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne USA

Modeling of distortion in nonlinear RF and microwave amplifiers requires high order nonlinear modeling to capture behavior with digitally modulated signals but only low order modeling to capture the response with discrete spectra as in two-tone testing. This paper establishes model order requirements for successful behavioral modeling for system explorations.

关键词： Intermodulation distortion Digital modulation Nonlinear distortion Radiofrequency amplifiers RF signals Radio frequency Testing Distortion measurement Signal processing Strontium

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Neural estimation of scatterer density in ultrasound

Neural estimation of scatterer density in ultrasound

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： R. Smolikova M.P. Wachowiak G.D. Tourassi J.M. Zurada Institute for Research and Applications of Fuzzy Modeling University of Ostrava Ostrava Czech Republic Computer Science and Engineering Program University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Department of Radiology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

Ultrasonic backscatter can provide information on the density of scatterers within biological media, and is therefore an important tool in tissue characterization. In this paper, a novel neural network approach to estimate scatterer density from generalized entropy is proposed. Neural estimation compares favorably with nonlinear least-squares models.

关键词： Ultrasonic imaging Rayleigh scattering Acoustic scattering Entropy Backscatter Signal to noise ratio Biomedical engineering Biomedical imaging Biological system modeling Ultrasonic transducers

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A bioMEMS sensor platform based on a cantilever with a precisely patterned environmentally sensitive hydrogel

A bioMEMS sensor platform based on a cantilever with a preci...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： J.Z. Hilt A.K. Gupta R. Bashir N.A. Peppas NSF IGERT Program on Therapeutic & Diagnostic Devices Purdue Univ. West Lafayette IN USA School of Electrical & Computer Engineering West Lafayette USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette USA

A novel photolithography process was utilized to precisely align and pattern environmentally sensitive hydrogels onto silicon microcantilevers, after microcantilevers were fabricated and released. By patterning environmentally sensitive hydrogels onto silicon microcantilevers, an ultrasensitive pH microsensor was prepared for MEMS and bioMEMS applications. Specifically, a crosslinked poly(methacrylic acid) network containing significant amounts of poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate was studied. This hydrogel exhibits a swelling dependence on pH. Hydrogels were patterned onto the silicon microcantilevers utilizing a mask aligner to allow for precise positioning. Via modification of the silicon surface with /spl gamma/-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, covalent adhesion was gained between the polymer and the silicon surface. The micropatterned hydrogels were analyzed using optical microscopy and profilometry. The bending response of patterned cantilevers with a change in environmental pH was observed, providing proof-of-concept for a MEMS/bioMEMS sensor based on microcantilevers patterned with environmentally sensitive hydrogels.

关键词： Biosensors Silicon Micromechanical devices Optical microscopy Lithography Microsensors Adhesives Biomedical optical imaging Optical polymers Optical sensors

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Proposed framework for applying adaptive critics in real-time realm

Proposed framework for applying adaptive critics in real-tim...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： G.G. Lendaris R.A. Santiago M.S. Carroll Systems Science and of Electrical & Computer Engineering Northwest Computational Intelligence Laboratory Portland State University Portland OR USA Systems Science Program Northwest Computational Intelligence Laboratory Portland State University Portland OR USA

Adaptive critics have shown much promise for designing optimal nonlinear controllers in an off-line context. Still, their greatest potential exists in the context Of reconfigurable control, that is, real time controller redesign in response to (substantial) changes in plant dynamics. To accomplish this, a framework is proposed for the application of adaptive critics in real-time control (for those critic methods requiring a model of the plant). The framework is presented in the context of work being done in reconfigurable flight control by the NW Computational Intelligence Lab (NWCIL) at Portland State university. The proposal incorporates recent work (by others) in fast and efficient on-line plant identification, considerations for bounding the computational costs of converging neural networks, and a novel approach (by us) toward the task of assuring system stability during the adaptation process. The potential and limitations of the proposed framework are discussed. It is suggested that with the recent rapid reduction in computational barriers, only certain theoretical issues remain as the central barriers to successful on-line application of the methods.

关键词： programmable control Adaptive control Optimal control Neural networks Computational intelligence Control systems Stability State-space methods Design methodology Piecewise linear approximation

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Use of molecular beacons to study mixing and hybridization in microfluidic devices

Use of molecular beacons to study mixing and hybridization i...

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International Conference on Microtechnologies in Medicine and Biology

作者： Chuanwu Xi M. Balberg J. Selby S. Boppart L. Raskin Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana-Champaign IL USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Bioengineering Program Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana-Champaign IL USA

We present the use of molecular beacons as sensitive indicators in microfluidic bioMEM devices. A method has been developed to study mixing and hybridization of molecular beacons to target nucleic acids in real time in a microfluidic channel. This method allows quantification of DNA and RNA molecules in solution, i.e., without the prerequisite of an immobilization step necessary in most other hybridization formats. The detection limit for DNA was determined to be in the order of femtomoles. Our results suggest the feasibility of using molecular beacon hybridization in microfluidic devices for the detection of pathogenic bacteria in environmental and medical fluids.

关键词： Microfluidics DNA RNA Microorganisms Kinetic theory Probes Sequences Ultrafast optics Fabrication USA Councils

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ENERGY-EFFICIENT BROADCASTING IN WIRELESS AD HOC NETWORKS LOWER BOUNDS AND ALGORITHMS

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Journal of Interconnection Networks 2002年第3N04期3卷 149-166页

作者： FANG BIAN ASHISH GOEL C. S. RAGHAVENDRA XIN LI Department of Computer Science University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089-0781 USA Bian and Raghavendra are supported in part by the DARPA contract F33615-00-C-1633 in the Power Aware Computing and Communications Program and by the DARPA/AFRL under agreement no. F30602-01-2-0549. Goel is supported in part by the NSF GAREER award 0133968. Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089-2652 USA

Energy-efficient communication is critical for increasing life of power limited wireless ad hoc networks. There has been considerable interest in minimum energy broadcast operations. In this paper, we develop bounds and an algorithm for minimizing energy cost for broadcasting from any source to all other nodes in the network. Most prior work have used simpler model for energy cost for wireless communications by accounting only the analog radiation cost for transmission and ignored the fixed cost for electronics in transmission and reception circuitry in nodes. Furthermore, in a network it is possible for some node pairs not be able to communicate directly even though they are in their radio ranges due to obstacles present in the terrain of the network.

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Direct classification with indirect data

Direct classification with indirect data

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14th Annual Neural Information Processing Systems Conference, NIPS 2000

作者： Brown, Timothy X. Interdisciplinary Telecommunications Program Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Colorado Boulder 80309-0530 United States

We classify an input space according to the outputs of a real-valued function. The function is not given, but rather examples of the function. We contribute a consistent classifier that avoids the unnecessary complexi...

ISBN: (纸本)0262122413

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Physicist-to-engineer: a graduate program recruiting tool

Physicist-to-engineer: a graduate program recruiting tool

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Frontiers in Education (FIE) Conference

作者： J.Y. Cheung G.E. Crain J.J. Sluss M.P. Tull P.K. Verma Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Oklahama Norman OK USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Telecomputing Program University of Oklahama Norman OK USA

In this work-in-progress paper, we report on a rigorous, time-condensed program to prepare graduates with a Bachelor of Science in physics for graduate study in electrical, computer, and telecommunications engineering. Due to the ongoing favorable job market for engineers, we have found it increasingly difficult to recruit quality students into our graduate programs. In fact, this is recognized as a nationwide problem. We have identified the national pool of undergraduate physics majors as a prospective group of students who can excel in graduate engineering studies. We have established a rigorous eight-week curriculum, to be offered during the summer term, that provides the necessary prerequisite material, including: microprocessors, signals and systems, electronics, and an integrated laboratory experience. This "summer academy" is designed to eliminate the need for normal session leveling classes that students without electrical or computer engineering degrees are required to complete, thereby reducing the overall time required to get a graduate degree.

关键词： Recruitment Telecommunication computing electrical engineering computing Microprocessors Adders Consumer electronics Laboratories Design engineering Physics computing Mathematics

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Development of experimental models for harmonic representation of low voltage customers

Development of experimental models for harmonic representati...

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2001 IEEE Porto Power Tech Conference

作者： Tostes, M.E.L. Araújo, A.C. Bezerra, U.H. Garcez, J.N. Tupiassu, A.A.A. Mesquita, J.E. Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Federal University of Para Brazil Energy Conservation Program - PROCEL CELPA - Centrais Elétricas Do Pará Brazil NESC UFPA -Federal University of Pará Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)0780371399

The low voltage customers of an electric energy distribution system have today a great variety of modern consumption products in their homes, which may be considered as potential sources of harmonic current generation. The identification of experimental models for the harmonic representation of these customers is of great interest in order to make possible the development of studies to evaluate the impacts that these small distributed harmonic current sources have over the distribution system as a whole. In this way, this paper presents some results obtained with the development of a project to identify an experimental harmonic current model to represent the low voltage customers of the metropolitan electrical distribution system of Belem City, located in the north of Brazil. © 2001 IEEE.

关键词： Power quality

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