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Photonics North

作者： Andreea Aura Paraipan Diana Gonzalez-Hernandez Innem V. A. K. Reddy Giacomo Balistreri Luca Zanotto Mostafa Shalaby Roberto Morandotti Carlo Liberale Luca Razzari Centre Energie Matériaux Telecommunications (INRS-EMT) Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique Varennes QC Canada Biologcal and Environmental Science Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwai Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Deparment of Electrical Engineering University of Buffalo Buffalo New York USA Swiss Terahertz Research-Zürich Zürich Switzerland Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) ThuwaI Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9798350366365

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366372

A terahertz (THz) vortex beam is generated through a spiral phase plate fabricated via two-photon polymerization lithography (TPL). TPL is a three-dimensional (3D) printing technique that exhibits high resolution and low surface roughness enabling the fabrication of high-frequency THz devices. The SPP is characterized via a scanless THz time-domain imaging (TDI) technique that allows to obtain a coherent hyperspectral analysis of the generated vortex beam. Numerical simulations are also conducted for comparison with experiments, revealing a good agreement.

关键词： Terahertz wave imaging Spirals Lithography Three-dimensional printing Numerical simulation Surface roughness Rough surfaces

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The growing memristor industry

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Nature 2025年第8059期640卷 613-622页

作者： Lanza, Mario Pazos, Sebastian Aguirre, Fernando Sebastian, Abu Le Gallo, Manuel Alam, Syed M. Ikegawa, Sumio Yang, J. Joshua Vianello, Elisa Chang, Meng-Fan Molas, Gabriel Naveh, Ishai Ielmini, Daniele Liu, Ming Roldan, Juan B. Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Materials Science and Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Intrinsic Semiconductor Technologies London United Kingdom IBM Research – Zurich Rüschlikon Switzerland Everspin Technologies Chandler AZ United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA United States CEA-Leti Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France Department of Electrical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Weebit Nano Hod Hasharon Israel Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB) Politecnico di Milano and *** Milano Italy Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Integrated Technology Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Departamento de Electrónica y Tecnología de Computadores Universidad de Granada Facultad de Ciencias Granada Spain

The semiconductor industry is experiencing an accelerated transformation to overcome the scaling limits of the transistor and to adapt to new requirements in terms of data storage and computation, especially driven by artificial intelligence applications and the Internet of Things. In this process, new materials, devices, integration strategies and system architectures are being developed and optimized. Among them, memristive devices and circuits—memristors are two-terminal memory devices that can also mimic some basic bioelectronic functions—offer a potential approach to create more compact, energy-efficient or better-performing systems. The memristor industry is growing quickly, raising abundant capital investment, creating new jobs and placing advanced products in the market. Here we analyse the status and prospects of the memristor industry, focusing on memristor-based products that are already commercially available, prototypes with a high technological readiness level that might affect the market in the near future, and discuss obstacles and pathways to their implementation. © Springer Nature Limited 2025.

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Genetic architecture of anthocyanin pigment traits and purple spot (Stemphylium vesicarium) resistance in an F₁ pseudo-testcross population of asparagus

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Plant Genome 2025年第2期18卷 e70028页

作者： Parajuli, Suman McDonald, Mary Ruth Adhikari, Laxman Wolyn, David J. Department of Plant Agriculture University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada Plant Science Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia

Stemphylium vesicarium (Wallr.) Simmons is a plant pathogenic fungus causing purple spot in both fern and spears of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.). Although the fern can be sprayed with fungicides to control the disease, pesticide applications during spear harvest are restricted. Infected spears can develop prominent pigmentation at lesion sites, reducing marketable yield. Breeding resistant asparagus cultivars with decreased lesion numbers and reduced purpling at the site of infection is considered the most economical and sustainable approach to combat this disease. The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic architectures of, and relationships among, anthocyanin pigment expression in spear scale leaves (ALS) and spear lesions (APS) and purple spot levels in spears (NPS) and fern (PSF). Traits were phenotyped over 2 years under natural conditions in an F₁ pseudo-testcross population, and quantitative trait loci (QTL) were mapped. ALS, APS, NPS, and PSF were not correlated, suggesting independent regulation of the anthocyanin pathway in scale leaves and lesions and no relationship between pigment and disease. Segregation, 3 red:1 purple and 3 red:13 purple, was observed in scale leaves and lesions, respectively. Two stable QTL for each of ASL, APS, and NPS, one tentative QTL for ASL, four tentative QTL for APS, two tentative QTL for NPS, and three tentative QTL for PSF were identified. Candidate genes were found for four loci. This study advances the genetic understanding of anthocyanin pigmentation at a tissue-specific level, and purple spot disease severity in spears and fern, supporting future breeding efforts. © 2025 The Author(s). The Plant Genome published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Crop science Society of America.

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Diversity Schemes in Multi-hop Visible Light Communications for 6G Networks 17

Diversity Schemes in Multi-hop Visible Light Communications ...

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17th International Learning and technology Conference 2020

作者： Faisal, Alice Alghamdi, Rawan Dahrouj, Hayssam Sarieddeen, Hadi Saeed, Nasir Al-Naffouri, Tareq Y. Alouini, Mohamed-Slim Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John'sNLAIC5S7 Canada Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence for Neom Research Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia National University of Technology Islamabad Pakistan

With the fast-emerging trend of deploying Internet-of-things (IoT) in smart homes and cities, next-generation wireless systems (i.e., beyond fifth-generation (5G) of wireless mobile communications) are expected to connect a plurality of devices, including machines, sensors, tablets, cameras, etc. To this end, the radio frequency (RF) spectrum would fail to fulfill the demands of such enormous data-heavy wireless applications, as operating at the RF spectrum would largely suffer from data congestion and interference. Based on the potential of Visible Light Communications (VLC) to solve the problem of spectrum scarcity and satisfy the high data-rate requirements of beyond 5G systems, this paper focuses on utilizing VLC for IoT applications in indoor environments by means of adequately routing data among VLC-based nodes. Operating at the unlicensed optical band in t|ie visible light region utilizes simple Light-Emitting-Diodes (LEDs), which is a health-friendly communication method. VLC has the advantages of providing ultra-high bandwidth, robustness to electromagnetic interference, and inherent physical security. VLC, however, suffers from severe short communication ranges and line-of-sight (LoS) constraints. This paper proposes overcoming such challenges by means of adopting a transmit diversity scheme that transmits messages over several paths. In order to reduce the receiver outage probability, the paper proposes multiple combination schemes at the receiver side, namely selection combining, maximal-ratio combining, and threshold combining. The simulation results assess the effectiveness of the proposed diversity schemes in terms of signal-to-noise-ratio and outage probability and illustrate the suitability of deploying VLC for next-generation indoor networks. The results show that that maximal-ratio combining outperforms selection combining and threshold combining by approximately 10% and 40%, respectively. B) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Internet of things

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Multi-Target Integrated Sensing and Communication with MIMO In-Band Full-Duplex Systems

Multi-Target Integrated Sensing and Communication with MIMO ...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & computers

作者： Yung-Chih Chih Chung-An Shen Abdulkadir Celik Mohammed E. Fouda Ahmed Eltawil Electronic and Computer Engineering Dept. National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia Rain Neuromorphics Inc. San Francisco CA USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350354058

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354065

In recent years, the integration of Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) technology with In-Band Full-Duplex (IBFD) systems has emerged as a promising approach for multi-targets Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC), particularly in the context of 6G and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications. However, the simultaneous transmission and reception of signals in IBFD systems face significant challenges, mainly due to self-interference (SI), which severely impacts system performance. This paper presents a novel framework that combines self-interference cancellation (SIC) techniques with the MIMO-IBFD-ISAC system to enhance multi-target sensing capabilities. The framework utilizes an independent component analysis (ICA) algorithm to effectively separate self-interference from the desired signals. Additionally, a specialized multi-targets detection method is employed to recover radar signals reflected from targets accurately. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach improves target detection accuracy and communication efficiency, making it a viable solution for next-generation ISAC systems.

关键词： Interference cancellation System performance Simulation Radar detection Full-duplex system Independent component analysis Radar Object detection Integrated sensing and communication Vehicle-to-everything

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Spin-Isolated Meta-Holographic Displays at Broadband UV-VIS Regimes

Spin-Isolated Meta-Holographic Displays at Broadband UV-VIS ...

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Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO/Pacific Rim)

作者： Aqsa Asad Hafiz Saad Khaliq Nasir Mahmood Muhammad Qasim Mehmood Yehia Massoud Innovative Technologies Laboratories (ITL) Electrical and Computer Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia

A planar multi-functional meta-surface is designed to reproduce spin-isolated meta-holographic displays at broadband wavelengths covering ultraviolet (UV) and visible (VIS) regimes. The proposed metasurface can have p...

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Deep Learning-based Image and Video Inpainting: A Survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Quan, Weize Chen, Jiaxi Liu, Yanli Yan, Dong-Ming Wonka, Peter MAIS & NLPR Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Computer Science Sichuan University Chengdu China Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia

Image and video inpainting is a classic problem in computer vision and computer graphics, aiming to fill in the plausible and realistic content in the missing areas of images and videos. With the advance of deep learning, this problem has achieved significant progress recently. The goal of this paper is to comprehensively review the deep learning-based methods for image and video inpainting. Specifically, we sort existing methods into different categories from the perspective of their high-level inpainting pipeline, present different deep learning architectures, including CNN, VAE, GAN, diffusion models, etc., and summarize techniques for module design. We review the training objectives and the common benchmark datasets. We present evaluation metrics for low-level pixel and high-level perceptional similarity, conduct a performance evaluation, and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of representative inpainting methods. We also discuss related real-world applications. Finally, we discuss open challenges and suggest potential future research directions. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： computer graphics

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Utilizing a Malfunctioning 3D Printer by Modeling Its Dynamics with Machine Learning

Utilizing a Malfunctioning 3D Printer by Modeling Its Dynami...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Renzo Caballero Piotr Piękos Eric Feron Jürgen Schmidhuber Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research in Switzerland Artificial Intelligence Initiative at KAUST

ISBN: (数字)9798350384574

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384581

To create a self-repairing 3D printer, it must continue operating even after experiencing corruption. This work focuses on developing a method to effectively utilize a malfunctioning printer for reliable printing. This method can be applied by the printer itself for self-repair and enhance the reliability of commercial 3D printers. We achieve this by modeling the dynamics of the corrupted printer using a machine learning model that by observing one trajectory infers the corrupted printer dynamics to improve its accuracy. Our method is evaluated on a digital twin of the 3D printer, demonstrating its capability to enable the printer to operate reliably, even when encountering new corruptions not encountered during training. The scripts are public on https://***/piotrpiekos/adaptive-printer.

关键词： Training Solid modeling Three-dimensional displays Accuracy Machine learning Hardware Trajectory

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Kalman Filtering for Precise Indoor Position and Orientation Estimation Using IMU and Acoustics on Riemannian Manifolds

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： AlSharif, Mohammed H. Ahmed, Mohanad Siala, Mohamed Al-Naffouri, Tareq Y. The Research and Development Department Aramco Research Center Thuwal23955 Saudi Arabia The Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955 Saudi Arabia Ariana2083 Tunisia

Indoor tracking and pose estimation, i.e., determining the position and orientation of a moving target, are increasingly important due to their numerous applications. While Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) provide high update rates, their positioning errors can accumulate rapidly over time. To mitigate this, it is common to integrate INS with complementary systems to correct drift and improve accuracy. This paper presents a novel approach that combines INS with an acoustic Riemannian-based localization system to enhance indoor positioning and orientation tracking. The proposed method employs both the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) for fusing data from the two systems. The Riemannian-based localization system delivers high-accuracy estimates of the target’s position and orientation, which are then used to correct the INS data. A new projection algorithm is introduced to map the EKF or UKF output onto the Riemannian manifold, further improving estimation accuracy. Our results show that the proposed methods significantly outperform benchmark algorithms in both position and orientation estimation. The effectiveness of the proposed methods was evaluated through extensive numerical simulations and testing using our in-house experimental setup. These evaluations confirm the superior performance of our approach in practical scenarios. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Extended Kalman filters

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Instantaneous GNSS Ambiguity Resolution and Attitude Determination via Riemannian Manifold Optimization

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Liu, Xing Ballal, Tarig Ahmed, Mohanad Al-Naffouri, Tareq Y. The Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

We present an ambiguity resolution method for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-based attitude determination. A GNSS attitude model with nonlinear constraints is used to rigorously incorporate a priori information. Given the characteristics of the employed nonlinear constraints, we formulate GNSS attitude determination as an optimization problem on a manifold. Then, Riemannian manifold optimization algorithms are utilized to aid ambiguity resolution based on a proposed decomposition of the objective function. The application of manifold geometry enables high-quality float solutions that are critical to reinforcing search-based integer ambiguity resolution in terms of efficiency, availability, and reliability. The proposed approach is characterized by a low computational complexity and a high probability of resolving the ambiguities correctly. The performance of the proposed ambiguity resolution method is tested through a series of simulations and real experiments. Comparisons with the principal benchmarks indicate the superiority of the proposed method as reflected by the high ambiguity resolution success rates. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Global positioning system

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