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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： Muhammad Hashir Nazish Khalid Nasir Mahmood Muhammad A. Rehman Muhammad Asad Muhammad Q. Mehmood Muhammad Zubair Yehia Massoud Department of Electrical Engineering Information Technology University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan Innovative Technologies Laboratories (ITL) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Saudi Arabia

Microwave Imaging (MWI) has emerged as a potential candidate for brain stroke detection due to its low cost, time efficiency and accurate nature when compared to other screening techniques. TinyML is a revolutionary technique for utilizing AI in portable and low-powered devices. The need for more compact and concise systems grows by the day in order to provide smart services, particularly in the medical arena. This paper tries to fulfil these requirements by presenting the first-ever portable MWI-based TinyML brain stroke detection system with high accuracy. The head-imaging dataset, utilized here for the training of models, provides open-source data generated by our prototype head imaging system consisting of a low-cost vector network analyzer, single-board computer, rotating motor setup, and a Vivaldi antenna. The Tiny ML model is a compressed-size model of our proposed Deep Learning (DL) framework that obtains an accuracy of 93% on testing data with an F1-score of 0.929 deployed on the single-board computer. The compressed model obtained by pruning or quantization is not only small in size but also retains the above 90% accuracy of the DL model. This work reassures the possibility of successful deployment of Tiny ML- based solutions in microwave imaging systems for medical diagnostic applications in low-resource settings.

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Supercomputer Based Parallel DGTD Algorithm with LTS Scheme for electrical Large Problems

Supercomputer Based Parallel DGTD Algorithm with LTS Scheme ...

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International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium (ACES)

作者： Wenhao Liu Liang Chen Ping Li State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia

In this paper, a nodal discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (NDGTD) algorithm with parallel scheme is proposed to solve transient Maxwell's equations. With the aim to analyze the electromagnetic (EM) features of electrical large problems, the NDGTD is developed on the supercomputer named “Tian-He”, where the message passing interface (MPI) is resorted to facilitate the communication between different threads. In addition, to further improve the time-marching efficiency in dealing with multiscale problems, the local time stepping (LTS) technique is exploited. To benchmark the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed parallel DGTD method, the scattering property of a stealthy aircraft model is investigated.

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Predicting candidate genes from phenotypes, functions and anatomical site of expression

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Bioinformatics 2021年第6期37卷 853-860页

作者： Chen, Jun Althagafi, Azza Hoehndorf, Robert Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC) Computer Electrical & Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955 Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department College of Computers and Information Technology Taif University Taif 26571 Saudi Arabia

Motivation: Over the past years, many computational methods have been developed to incorporate information about phenotypes for disease–gene prioritization task. These methods generally compute the similarity between a patient’s phenotypes and a database of gene-phenotype to find the most phenotypically similar match. The main limitation in these methods is their reliance on knowledge about phenotypes associated with particular genes, which is not complete in humans as well as in many model organisms, such as the mouse and fish. Information about functions of gene products and anatomical site of gene expression is available for more genes and can also be related to phenotypes through ontologies and machine-learning models. Results: We developed a novel graph-based machine-learning method for biomedical ontologies, which is able to exploit axioms in ontologies and other graph-structured data. Using our machine-learning method, we embed genes based on their associated phenotypes, functions of the gene products and anatomical location of gene expression. We then develop a machine-learning model to predict gene–disease associations based on the associations between genes and multiple biomedical ontologies, and this model significantly improves over state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, we extend phenotype-based gene prioritization methods significantly to all genes, which are associated with phenotypes, functions or site of expression. Availability and implementation: Software and data are available at https://***/bio-ontology-researchgroup/DL2Vec. © 2021 Oxford university Press. All rights reserved.

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Proactive Opinion-Driven Robot Navigation around Human Movers

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Cathcart, Charlotte Santos, María Park, Shinkyu Leonard, Naomi Ehrich Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States the Electrical and Computer Engineering program King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955 Saudi Arabia

— We propose, analyze, and experimentally verify a new proactive approach for robot social navigation driven by the robot’s "opinion" for which way and by how much to pass human movers crossing its path. The robot forms an opinion over time according to nonlinear dynamics that depend on the robot’s observations of human movers and its level of attention to these social cues. For these dynamics, it is guaranteed that when the robot’s attention is greater than a critical value, deadlock in decision making is broken, and the robot rapidly forms a strong opinion, passing each human mover even if the robot has no bias nor evidence for which way to pass. We enable proactive rapid and reliable social navigation by having the robot grow its attention across the critical value when a human mover approaches. With human-robot experiments we demonstrate the flexibility of our approach and validate our analytical results on deadlock-breaking. We also show that a single design parameter can tune the trade-off between efficiency and reliability in human-robot passing. The new approach has the additional advantage that it does not rely on a predictive model of human behavior. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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Joint Estimation of Location and Transmit Power of Wireless Nodes Using Semidefinite programming

Joint Estimation of Location and Transmit Power of Wireless ...

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IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Bodhibrata Mukhopadhyay Seshan Srirangarajan Subrat Kar Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Makkah Province Saudi Arabia Bharti School of Telecommunication Technology and Management Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India

Received signal strength (RSS)-based localization has been popular as it can achieve reasonable accuracy without the need for additional hardware. In this work, we consider RSS-based cooperative and non-cooperative localization when the transmit power of the nodes is unknown. The maximum likelihood (ML) formulation of the RSS-based localization is non-linear, non-convex, and discontinuous and cannot be solved using conventional techniques. Firstly, we linearize the relation between pairwise distance between nodes and received power using a least squares-based linearization technique. Next, we propose two RSS-based localization techniques, referred to as SDP-URSS and SDP-RSS, that convert the ML into a constrained convex optimization problem using the proposed linearization technique and semidefinite relaxation. SDP-URSS assumes the transmit powers are unknown and estimates them along with the location of the nodes, whereas SDP-RSS uses the transmit power information to improve the location estimates. Extensive performance evaluation of the proposed technique considering various performance metrics under non-cooperative and cooperative scenarios demonstrates the superiority of the proposed localization techniques over the existing methods.

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A 3D Dual-band electrically Small Monopole Antenna for Internet of Sea Applications

A 3D Dual-band Electrically Small Monopole Antenna for Inter...

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IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation

作者： Hanguang Liao Rana Muhammad Bilal Atif Shamim Electrical and Computer Engineering Program King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728146713

Sensing and retrieving data from ocean to land are challenging and expensive tasks, while the Internet of Sea (IoS) concept can help to monitor ocean environment in a low-cost way. In this paper, an electrically Small (ES) dual-band monopole antenna is proposed for the IoS application. Dual-band operation (GSM-900, LoRa, and BLE bands) and vertical polarization are maintained in a very compact size. The proposed antenna operates as a folded monopole antenna at 900MHz, and as a simple monopole antenna at 2.4 GHz, by combining the top-loaded folded monopole antenna and the 2-layer monopole feeding structure. The proposed antenna has ka of 0.45 at the LB, with a decent polarization purity and radiation efficiency of 54%. The proposed antenna is designed with a low-cost additive manufacturing material system.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Oceans Dual band Antenna feeds Three-dimensional printing Internet Sensors

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High Spectral Selectivity of Tantalum Cross-Shaped Unit Elements for STPV Systems

High Spectral Selectivity of Tantalum Cross-Shaped Unit Elem...

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IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology

作者： Ahsan Sarwar Rana Muhammad Atif Khan Sumbel Ijaz Muhammad Qasim Mehmood Yehia Massoud Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Air University Islamabad Pakistan Innovative Technologies Laboratories (ITL) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Micro Nano Lab Information Technology University (ITU) of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan

The efficiency of single-junction PhotoVoltaic (PV) cells is restricted by the Shockley-Queisser (SQ) limit. This work presents a simulation based design of metasurface absorber and emitter for Solar ThermoPhotoVoltaics (STPV) system that overcomes the SQ limit by employing Tantalum resonators which exhibits high spectral selectivity. The STPV system introduces an intermediate structure consisting of a broadband optical absorber and a selective emitter before solar radiations reach PV cell. The operating temperature of the system being very high, a refractory metal Tantalum (Ta) with a melting point of 3017 °C provides high thermal stability. Metasurface broadband Ta-based absorber design is a supercell consisting of four cross resonators with total thickness of 290 nm. The absorber design gives broadband absorptance for 200–2000 nm region, which efficiently covers ultraviolet, optical, and infrared regimes. The absorber has an efficiency of is 91.5%, and 91.9% for BBR, and for the air mass (AM) 1.5 spectrum, respectively. On the contrary, emitter employs a unit element in the shape of a cross with a total thickness of 272 nm. The emitter of proposed intermediate design achieves high spectral selectivity for targeted quaternary PV cell InGaAsSb having a bandgap of 0.55 eV through narrowband emittance. The maximum simulated STPV efficiency attained by design is 39.1% considering polarization and angle-insensitivity of the design.

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Mimicking Synaptic Behaviors with Junctionless Transistor for Low Power Neuromorphic Computing

Mimicking Synaptic Behaviors with Junctionless Transistor fo...

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International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE)

作者： Md. Hasan Raza Ansari Hanrui Li Nazek El-Atab SAMA Labs Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division (CEMSE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia

This work highlights the application of a junctionless (JL) transistor with charge trapping mechanism as an artificial synaptic device for neuromorphic computing. In this work, synapse behaviors ((short-term potentiation (STP), long-term potentiation (LTP), and depression (LTD))) have been validated and analyzed by storing the positive charges (holes) in the floating body and charge trapping nitride layer. JL device can be operated at a lower drain voltage (V DS = 0.8 V) to trigger the band-to-band tunneling and impact ionization mechanisms. The device achieves a higher and linear conductance value, and the non-linearity value for LTP is 0.1, which is beneficial for neural networks. Estimated conductance values from the device are utilized to estimate the pattern recognition and achieve an accuracy of ~ 85 % with the CNN algorithm and CIFAR-10 datasets.

关键词： Neuromorphic engineering Neural networks Linearity Voltage Tunneling Impact ionization Behavioral sciences

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Payoff Mechanism Design for Coordination in Multi-Agent Task Allocation Games

Payoff Mechanism Design for Coordination in Multi-Agent Task...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Shinkyu Park Julian Barreiro-Gomez Electrical and Computer Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia NYUAD Research Institute New York University Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

We investigate a multi-agent decision-making problem where a large population of agents is responsible for carrying out a set of assigned tasks. The amount of jobs in each task varies over time governed by a dynamical system model. Each agent needs to select one of the available strategies to take on one or more tasks. Since each strategy allows an agent to perform multiple tasks at a time, possibly at distinct rates, the strategy selection of the agents needs to be coordinated. We formulate the problem using the population game formalism and refer to it as the task allocation game. We discuss the design of a decision-making model that incentivizes the agents to coordinate in the strategy selection process. As key contributions, we propose a method to find a payoff-driven decision-making model, and discuss how the model allows the strategy selection of the agents to be responsive to the amount of remaining jobs in each task while asymptotically attaining the optimal strategies. Leveraging analytical tools from feedback control theory, we derive technical conditions that the model needs to satisfy, which are used to construct a numerical approach to compute the model. We validate our solution through simulations to highlight how the proposed approach coordinates the agents in task allocation games.

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Distributed Multi-Robot Multi-Target Tracking Using Heterogeneous Limited-Range Sensors

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Chen, Jun Abugurain, Mohammed Dames, Philip Park, Shinkyu The School of Electrical and Automation Engineering Nanjing Normal University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China The Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955 Saudi Arabia The Department of Mechanical Engineering Temple University PhiladelphiaPA19122 United States

This paper presents a cooperative multi-robot multitarget tracking framework aimed at enhancing the efficiency of the heterogeneous sensor network and, consequently, improving overall target tracking accuracy. The concept of normalized unused sensing capacity is introduced to quantify the information a sensor is currently gathering relative to its theoretical maximum. This measurement can be computed using entirely local information and is applicable to various sensor models, distinguishing it from previous literature on the subject. It is then utilized to develop a distributed coverage control strategy for a heterogeneous sensor network, adaptively balancing the workload based on each sensor's current unused capacity. The algorithm is validated through a series of ROS and MATLAB simulations, demonstrating superior results compared to standard approaches that do not account for heterogeneity or current usage rates. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multipurpose robots

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