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Expert-level sleep staging using an electrocardiography-only feed-forward neural network

computers in Biology and Medicine 2024年 176卷 108545-108545页

作者： Jones, Adam M. Itti, Laurent Sheth, Bhavin R. Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Southern California Los AngelesCA United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Houston HoustonTX United States Center for NeuroEngineering and Cognitive Systems University of Houston HoustonTX United States

Reliable classification of sleep stages is crucial in sleep medicine and neuroscience research for providing valuable insights, diagnoses, and understanding of brain states. The current gold standard method for sleep stage classification is polysomnography (PSG). Unfortunately, PSG is an expensive and cumbersome process involving numerous electrodes, often conducted in an unfamiliar clinic and annotated by a professional. Although commercial devices like smartwatches track sleep, their performance is well below PSG. To address these disadvantages, we present a feed-forward neural network that achieves gold-standard levels of agreement using only a single lead of electrocardiography (ECG) data. Specifically, the median five-stage Cohen's kappa is 0.725 on a large, diverse dataset of 5 to 90-year-old subjects. Comparisons with a comprehensive meta-analysis of between-human inter-rater agreement confirm the non-inferior performance of our model. Finally, we developed a novel loss function to align the training objective with Cohen's kappa. Our method offers an inexpensive, automated, and convenient alternative for sleep stage classification—further enhanced by a real-time scoring option. Cardiosomnography, or a sleep study conducted with ECG only, could take expert-level sleep studies outside the confines of clinics and laboratories and into realistic settings. This advancement democratizes access to high-quality sleep studies, considerably enhancing the field of sleep medicine and neuroscience. It makes less-expensive, higher-quality studies accessible to a broader community, enabling improved sleep research and more personalized, accessible sleep-related healthcare interventions. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Electrocardiography

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Compressive Sensing via Variational Bayesian Inference 1

Compressive Sensing via Variational Bayesian Inference

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1st Intermountain engineering, Technology and Computing, IETC 2020

作者： Shekaramiz, Mohammad Moon, Todd K. Utah Valley University Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Engineering Department United States Utah State University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department United States

ISBN: (数字)9781728142913

ISBN: (纸本)9781728142913

The sparse signal recovery problem from a set of compressively sensed noisy measurements using sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) modeling and variational Bayesian (VB) inference technique is considered. In the context of SBL, two main approaches are considered here. In the first approach, each component of the sparse signal is modeled via a Gaussian prior with a Gamma/inverse-Gamma hyper prior on its variance/precision. In the second model, each component of the sparse signal is modeled via a Gaussian prior combined with a Bernoulli prior along with a Gamma/inverse-Gamma hyper prior on its variance/precision. In this work, we consider such modeling and derive the update rules for the latent variables and parameters of each modeling in detail. We believe that such rigorous details on these two modeling and inferences provide sufficient intuition for better understanding the inference using variational Bayes, which can also serve as basic models when incorporating any further structures on the sparse/compressible signal. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Compressed sensing

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Partial Discharge Investigation of Defective Cable Terminations using Different Voltage Sources

Partial Discharge Investigation of Defective Cable Terminati...

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2022 International Conference on Power, Energy and Innovations, ICPEI 2022

作者： Jamtsho, Karma Suwanasri, Thanapong Panmala, Nattapon Suwanasri, Cattareeya EPE Program The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering KMUTNB 1518 Pracharat 1 Rd.Bangsue Bangkok Thailand Department of Teacher Training in Electrical Engineering Faculty of Technical Education KMUTNB 1518 Pracharat 1 Rd. Bangsue Bangkok Thailand Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering KMUTNB 1518 Pracharat 1 Rd.Bangsue Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (数字)9781665460194

ISBN: (纸本)9781665460194

This paper presents the Partial Discharge (PD) investigation of defective medium voltage (3.6/6(7.2) kV) cable terminations and the impact of using different voltage sources namely AC 50 Hz and Very Low Frequency (VLF) voltage source of 0.1 Hz as supply voltage. The PD is detected by High Frequency Current Transformer (HFCT). Electric field stress investigation is carried out by using Finite Element Method Magnetic (FEMM) simulation tool. The defective cable terminations used are no-stress control, needle tip on insulation screen and sandpaper scrubbed termination. PD investigation is carried out by applying 50 Hz and 0.1 Hz voltage sources and Partial Discharge Inception Voltage (PDIV), Partial Discharge Extinction Voltage (PDEV), PD magnitude and Pulse Repetition Rate are recorded. The comparison of PDIV values demonstrates the impact of different voltage sources. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Electric connectors

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Demonstration of a polarization-agnostic geometric phase in nonlocal metasurfaces

Demonstration of a polarization-agnostic geometric phase in ...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Overvig, Adam C. Kasahara, Y. Alu, Andrea Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Physics Program Graduate Center of the City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States

We theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate nonlocal metasurfaces rationally designed using symmetry-breaking principles to manipulate the optical wavefront with a geometric phase selective to custom ellip...

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

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Predicting Human Activity with LSTM Face Detection on Server Surveillance System

Predicting Human Activity with LSTM Face Detection on Server...

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International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Information and Communication (ICAIIC)

作者： Alexander Nurenie Yaya Heryadi Lukas Wayan Suparta Yulyani Arifin Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program – Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Indonesia Cognitive Engineering Research Group (CERG) Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta Indonesia

Surveillance server technology was growth with new technology, effective, extra new features, human friendly, and human deals with big amount data, can't view and collect the data in the short time, and took time to analyze, playback video/picture to determine machine, human, vehicle or environment issues or performance, Surveillance Server Systems now which has the ability to face recognition, face detection, human detection, motion detection, license plate recognition, The authors perform this study that still new this research has never been done before to determine the efficacy of the LSTM in predicting human behavior (Long Short Term Memory) Face Detection on Server surveillance system, by taking log view data with a total of 91501 Face detection data downloaded from 10/18/2022~11/9/2022, the data will be processed using Python program.ing and training so that it can be used to predict the future regarding human activities that vary utilizing time series prediction LSTM include the number of daily activities, the highest and lowest numbers of days, and the maximum and minimum numbers of days. from the results of this study it was found to help to find out the days with the lowest number of humans and the days with the highest number of human activities, so that the owner can predict with sequence of the data the service would be provided when human activity is high in certain area or certain day, it can also can find out the maximum or minimum amount human counting day by day, and compare able some different date and location, the author will continue to do more in-depth research the others data related with prediction with deep learning server surveillance machine system interaction with human, vehicle behavior in the future studies.

关键词： Training Surveillance Time series analysis program.ing Behavioral sciences Servers Face detection

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The Effect of Vehicles Speed on the Performance of VANET Protocol

The Effect of Vehicles Speed on the Performance of VANET Pro...

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Advanced engineering and Technologies (ICONNIC), International Conference on

作者： Osama A. Qasim Dania Mohammed Mahdi Mohammed S. Noori Rabei Raad Ali Christy Atika Sari Eko Hari Rachmawanto Department of Computer Engineering Technology Northern Technical University Mosul Iraq Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Uniersiti Tenaga Nasional Selangor Malaysaia Study Program in Informatics Engineering University of Dian Nuswantoro Semarang Indonesia

At present, ad hoc networks are getting a lot of attention, because they have many features that differ from the rest of the networks and because they are technically advanced. In routing protocols, the Vehicular Ad-hoc network (VANET) differ in performance because each protocol has different variables, such as variable density, speed, and traffic scenarios. In this work, we proposed topology-based routing namely Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol. The AODV protocol has been simulated in case of the movement of vehicles at a fixed velocity at 60km/h, and in case of randomly changing the vehicle's locations in the network. There are three parameters used to investigate the performance of the proposed AODV protocol which are packet delivery ratio, and overheads. The Simulation results show a significant decrease from 0.55 to 0.82 in the packet delivery ratio. On the other hand, the performance of the AODV protocol demonstrates effective communication for the VANETs.

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Ball Position Transformation with Artificial Intelligence Based on Tensorflow Libraries 23

Ball Position Transformation with Artificial Intelligence Ba...

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23rd International Electronics Symposium, IES 2021

作者： Setiawardhana DIkairono, Rudy Dewantara, Bima Sena Bayu Pratama, Afis Asryullah Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya Dept of Informatic and Computer Engineering Surabaya Indonesia Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Dept of Electrical Engineering Surabaya Indonesia Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya Postgraduate Program Dept of Electrical Engineering Surabaya Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665443463

Research on wheeled soccer robots has been carried out by several researchers. This is due to the existence of national and international competitions. Previous research was to create a ball position transformation system with a modified method of neural network architecture. This research was developed by building an intelligent transformation system with the Tensorflow library. This transformation system aims to be able to directly measure the distance of objects in real terms without first changing the environmental image from an omni field to a flat plane with conventional camera calibration techniques. This process can replace manual calibration with a variety of field size changes The system can transform with mean error 0.0000026 on epoch 10000 using 'conda-tensorflowneural network' libraries. It can transform the position of the ball from the omni space to the cartesian space. This system was implemented on wheeled soccer robot as keeper. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Sports

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Highly Flexible Piezoelectric Pressure Sensor at Extremely High-Temperature Range Using Ultrawide-Bandgap III-N Thin Films

Highly Flexible Piezoelectric Pressure Sensor at Extremely H...

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IEEE Electron Devices Technology and Manufacturing Conference (EDTM)

作者： Nam-In Kim Miad Yarali Muhammad Aqib Jae-Hyun Ryou Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Center for Superconductivity at UH Advanced Manufacturing Institute University of Houston USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston USA

Pressure monitoring in extreme conditions, such as in industrial, aerospace, and radioactive atmosphere, is crucial. Our focus is on developing and researching piezoelectric sensors that are highly flexible for detecting gas pressures at extremely high temperatures. We develop the flexible device using epitaxial III -nitride film, which is single-crystalline, by layer-transfer method. The sensor shows a sensitive and stable operation for extended periods. We use software simulation and relevant formulas to support our experimental findings.

关键词： Temperature sensors Pressure sensors X-ray scattering Sensor phenomena and characterization Software Semiconductor process modeling III-V semiconductor materials

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Cutting corners to suppress high-order modes in Mie resonator arrays

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Haddadin, Zaid Khan, Shahrose Poulikakos, Lisa V. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering UC San Diego United States Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering UC San Diego United States Materials Science & Engineering Program UC San Diego United States

Mie resonators as lattice resonant metasurfaces have the capability to produce structural colour. However, design criteria for these metasurfaces are still being investigated. In this work, we numerically examine how the two-dimensional nanostructure shape in a lattice array affects the colorimetric response of the metasurface under linearly polarised light excitation. First, the transformation from a square-shaped to rectangle-shaped nanostructure array resulted in polarisation-sensitive metasurfaces with colorimetric outputs bound along a line on the CIE 1931 2-degree Standard Observer colour space. The bounds of the colorimetry line were tuneable to any desired chromatic range. Second, the removal of the corners in square- or rectangle-shaped nanostructures to create t-shaped nanostructure arrays displayed a dampening effect on the high-order resonance. Finally, we analytically determined that the colour saturation could increase when moving from rectangle-shaped to t-shaped nanostructure arrays. From these results, we present two design guidelines for lattice resonant metasurfaces: (1) Constructing the nanostructure to support fundamental resonances at different wavelengths enables two-colour-bound movement when excited by successive angles of linearly polarised light;(2) Removing portions of the nanostructure that only support high-order resonances dampens these modes while maintaining support for fundamental resonances. These results present first-principles guidelines for engineering nanoparticles in lattice resonant metasurfaces, offering a new toolbox for polarised-light sensing and colorimetric applications. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanostructures

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Nonreciprocal coupling in space-time modulated systems at exceptional points

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Physical Review B 2022年第10期105卷 L100304-L100304页

作者： Junfei Li Yun Jing Steven A. Cummer Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA Graduate Program in Acoustics The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA

Exceptional points (EPs) are critical points in the parameter space of non-Hermitian systems, where two or more eigenvalues and eigenvectors simultaneously coalesce. The remarkable physics and behavior of waves at these EPs have raised considerable attention. Previous research has accessed EPs in parity-time (PT) symmetric systems through spatially modulated parameters. Using acoustics, this Letter demonstrates a different family of EPs in classical wave systems that emerge from coordinated modulation of mass density and loss/gain in time. This condition can create nonreciprocal coupling between arbitrary modes at the EPs, leading to exotic behaviors such as unilateral frequency conversion and linear amplification of waves that are unattainable at conventional time-invariant systems. Moreover, these phenomena can be attained with only loss, and acoustic gain via modal energy transfer is demonstrated in a loss-only system at such EPs. Our work marries time-varying systems with EPs, which could open new avenues for wave manipulation.

关键词： Classical mechanics Continuum mechanics Dynamical systems Hamiltonian systems Traveling waves

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