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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Aura Ganz James Schafer Elaine Puleo Carole Wilson Meg Robertson Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Department of Public Health University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 Massachusetts Commission for the Blind Executive Office of Health and Human Services

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441198

In this paper we introduce qualitative and quantitative evaluation of PERCEPT system, an indoor navigation system for the blind and visually impaired. PERCEPT system trials with 24 blind and visually impaired users in a multi-story building show PERCEPT system effectiveness in providing appropriate navigation instructions to these users. The uniqueness of our system is that it is affordable and that its design follows Orientation and Mobility principles. These results encourage us to generalize the solution to large indoor spaces and test it with significantly larger visually impaired population in diverse settings. We hope that PERCEPT will become a standard deployed in all indoor public spaces.

关键词： Qualitative Evaluation PERCEPT Indoor Navigation System Visually Impaired Users

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Plug-and-Play, Single-Chip Photoplethysmography

Plug-and-Play, Single-Chip Photoplethysmography

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Deepak Chandrasekar Bengt Arnetz Philip Levy Amar S. Basu Electrical and Computer Engineering department and the Biomedical Engineering department at the Wayne State University College of Engineering Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences at the Wayne State University School of Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine at the Wayne State University School of Medicine

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441198

Remote patient monitoring (RPM) relies on lowcost, low-power, wearable sensors for continuous physiological assessment. Photoplethysmographic (PPG) sensors generally require >10 components, occupy an area >300 mm2, consume >10 mW power, and cost >$20 USD. Although the principle of PPG sensing is straightforward, in practice, a robust implementation requires a careful design including optical alignment, analog circuits, ambient light cancellation, and power management. This paper reports the first use of digital optical proximity sensors (OPS) for "plugand- play" PPG. OPS have traditionally been used for distance sensing in smartphones and factory automation. Here we show that a digital OPS can perform PPG functions in a single 4x4 mm package which also provides a direct digital interface to a microcontroller. By exploiting its key features, a digital OPS can provide substantial performance advantages over existing state-of-the-art PPGs, including: i) 10X lower power consumption (200 μW) due to pulse operation;ii) high signal to noise ratio (>90), as a result of built-in optical barriers, filters, and ambient light cancellation;iii) 10X lower cost ($2 USD);and iv) 12X smaller area. We show single wavelength PPG measurements in multiple anatomical locations, including fingertips and earlobes. The results suggest that a digital OPS can provide an elegant solution for battery-powered, wearable physiological monitors. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the smallest and lowest power PPG sensor reported to date.

关键词： Photoplethysmographic (PPG) digital OPS wavelength PPG

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Automatic segmentation and degree identification in burn color images

Automatic segmentation and degree identification in burn col...

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Biomedical engineering International Conference (BMEiCON)

作者： Kittichai Wantanajittikul Sansanee Auephanwiriyakul Nipon Theera-Umpon Taweethong Koanantakool Biomedical Engineering Center Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Biomedical Engineering Center Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Biomedical Engineering Center Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand Department of Medical Services Ministry of Public Health Thailand

When burn injury occurs, the most important step is to provide treatment to the injury immediately by identifying degree of the burn which can only be diagnosed by specialists. However, specialists for burn trauma are still inadequate for some local hospitals. Hence, the invention of an automatic system that is able to help evaluating the burn would be extremely beneficial to those hospitals. The aim of this work is to develop an automatic system with the ability of providing the first assessment to burn injury from burn color images. The method used in this work can be divided into 2 parts, i.e., burn image segmentation and degree of burn identification. Burn image segmentation employs the Cr-transformation, Luv-transformation and fuzzy c-means clustering technique to separate the burn wound area from healthy skin and then mathematical morphology is applied to reduce segmentation errors. The segmentation algorithm performance is evaluated by the positive predictive value (PPV) and the sensitivity (S). Burn degree identification uses h-transformation and texture analysis to extract feature vectors and the support vector machine (SVM) is applied to identify the degree of burn. The classification results are compared with that of Bayes and K-nearest neighbor classifiers. The experimental results show that our proposed segmentation algorithm yields good results for the burn color images. The PPV and S are about 0.92 and 0.84, respectively. Degree of burn identification experiments show that SVM yields the best results of 89.29 % correct classification on the validation sets of the 4-fold cross validation. SVM also yields 75.33 % correct classification on the blind test experiment.

关键词： Image segmentation Support vector machines Wounds Skin Classification algorithms Image color analysis Educational institutions

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PNM smart grid demonstration project from modeling to demonstration

PNM smart grid demonstration project from modeling to demons...

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Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT)

作者： S. Abdollahy O. Lavrova A. Mammoli S. Willard B. Arellano Electrical & Computer Engineering Department University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA Mechanical Engineering Department University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA Public Service Company of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA

Distribution level modeling or monitoring has not been of primary concerns of the utility companies so far, because traditionally the electric power is delivered unidirectional from distribution substations to the customers. Meanwhile, integrating Distributed Energy Resources (DER) into the distribution feeders and contribution of the customers in demand response and other aspects of the future smart grid is starting to push system planners, utility companies and researchers to build unabridged and detailed model of the distribution feeders even down to home appliances level. GridLAB-D™ and Open-DSS are both open source software tools, designed for modeling distribution level power systems. Design and development of multiple algorithms for peak shaving, arbitrage, load shifting and smoothing scenarios is of major concerns. We show that very promising results in terms of modeling future smart grid and various possibilities are expected.

关键词： Load modeling Smart grids Substations Density estimation robust algorithm Data models Companies Generators

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Small signal stability and centralized control design of modern distribution systems

Small signal stability and centralized control design of mod...

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43rd North American Power Symposium, NAPS 2011

作者： Honarvar Nazari, Masoud Electrical and Computer Engineering and Engineering and Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781457704192

This paper investigates small signal stability and designing advanced centralized control to enhance robustness and dynamic performance of a modern distribution system with high penetration of distributed generators (DG). The paper mainly concerns comparison of classical, H2 and H ∞ control strategies on system stability. The target performance is to satisfy stability of the system and improve nominal performance of DGs. Therefore, first we design a base controller for the system using classic control. Then, H2 and H∞ control systems are designed in order to warrant both nominal stability and dynamic performance of the system. Finally, the results of three control strategies are compared and the general findings of the paper are discussed. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Integrated control

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Vehicular Traffic Modeling Governed by Cellular Phone Trajectories

Vehicular Traffic Modeling Governed by Cellular Phone Trajec...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： R. Neighbour S. N. Mukhi M. R. Friesen R. D. McLeod Matthew Crowley Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Manitoba Canada Canadian Network for Public Health Intelligence MTS Allstream Winnipeg Manitoba Canada University of Manitoba College of Medicine Winnipeg MB CA

This paper briefly outlines the combination of an Agent Based Modeling (ABM) framework for modeling the flow of traffic in an urban center, using a 3D gaming platform and incorporating real world data extracted from cell phone trajectories to guide agent movements. Results are compared against two other sets of real world data. The model validation shows considerable promise both for the simulation itself and the use of cellular location data to infer traffic patterns.

关键词： Data models Games Computational modeling Cities and towns Trajectory Traffic control Bluetooth

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Comparison of known food weights with image-based portion-size automated estimation and adolescents' self-reported portion size

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Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 2012年第2期6卷 428-434页

作者： Lee, Christina D. Chae, Junghoon Schap, TusaRebecca E. Kerr, Deborah A. Delp, Edward J. Ebert, David S. Boushey, Carol J. College of Liberal Arts Purdue University West Lafayette IN United States College of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN United States Department of Nutrition Science Purdue University West Lafayette IN United States School of Public Health Curtin University Perth WA Australia Epidemiology Program University of Hawaii Cancer Center Honolulu HI 96813 1236 Lauhala Street United States

Background: Diet is a critical element of diabetes self-management. An emerging area of research is the use of images for dietary records using mobile telephones with embedded cameras. These tools are being designed to reduce user burden and to improve accuracy of portion-size estimation through automation. The objectives of this study were to (1) assess the error of automatically determined portion weights compared to known portion weights of foods and (2) to compare the error between automation and human. Methods: Adolescents (n = 15) captured images of their eating occasions over a 24 h period. All foods and beverages served were weighed. Adolescents self-reported portion sizes for one meal. Image analysis was used to estimate portion weights. Data analysis compared known weights, automated weights, and self-reported portions. Results: For the 19 foods, the mean ratio of automated weight estimate to known weight ranged from 0.89 to 4.61, and 9 foods were within 0.80 to 1.20. The largest error was for lettuce and the most accurate was strawberry jam. The children were fairly accurate with portion estimates for two foods (sausage links, toast) using one type of estimation aid and two foods (sausage links, scrambled eggs) using another aid. The automated method was fairly accurate for two foods (sausage links, jam);however, the 95% confidence intervals for the automated estimates were consistently narrower than human estimates. Conclusions: The ability of humans to estimate portion sizes of foods remains a problem and a perceived burden. Errors in automated portion-size estimation can be systematically addressed while minimizing the burden on people. Future applications that take over the burden of these processes may translate to better diabetes self-management. © Diabetes Technology Society.

关键词： Adolescents Dietary assessment Mobile telephones Portion size Technology

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Corrigendum to “Cost-minimized combinations of wind power, solar power and electrochemical storage, powering the grid up to 99.9% of the time” [J. Power Sources 225 (2013) 60–74]

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Journal of Power Sources 2013年 232卷 402-402页

作者： Cory Budischak DeAnna Sewell Heather Thomson Leon Mach Dana E. Veron Willett Kempton Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA Department of Energy Management Delaware Technical Community College 400 Stanton-Christiana Road Newark DE 19713 USA Center for Carbon-Free Power Integration School of Marine Science and Policy College of Earth Ocean and Environment University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA Energy and Environmental Policy Program College of Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA Center for Electric Technology DTU Elektro Danmarks Tekniske Universitet Kgs. Lungby Denmark

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Generation expansion planning under wide-scale RES energy penetration

Generation expansion planning under wide-scale RES energy pe...

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International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC)

作者： K. Tigas J. Mantzaris G. Giannakidis C. Nakos N. Sakellaridis E. Pyrgioti A.T. Alexandridis Energy Systems Analysis Laboratory Energy Policy Division Centre for Renewable Energy Sources and Savings Attiki Greece Electric Power Systems Section Departmentof Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Patras Patra Greece

Renewable energy penetration in electricity is expected to have a spectacular growth in the forthcoming years. Power systems and the codes of their operation will be modified to take into account the specific characteristics of variable renewable energy operation (wind energy, photovoltaics). A number of issues arise in the context of developing new generation expansion planning methodologies, under a large scale penetration of renewable energy. A probabilistic approach is necessary due to the strong stochastic nature of variable (non dispatchable) renewables incorporating the statistics of the customer load and the non dispatchable RES generation. The level of penetration of variable renewable energy has to be calculated according to restrictions implied by the energy curtailment which can occur when the customer load is low and RES generation is high. Hydro pumped storage plants decrease this curtailment and consequently increase the level of RES penetration. In addition, fast reserve capacity is required to deal with big variations of variable RES energy generation. In summary the necessary storage and reserve capacity has to be calculated and incorporated in the costs of different scenarios related to expansion planning or operation simulation. In addition, grid costs mainly related to the Transmission System Expansion have to be calculated since they are related to the penetration of areas with high RES potential. In the present paper an attempt is made to incorporate such costs in the TIMES model in order to have a more accurate approach of generation expansion scenarios, incorporating storage, reserve plants and Transmission System expansion in the cost of RES technologies. Using the results as an input, a more detailed probabilistic approach is used to calculate the relevant production costs under a wide-scale penetration of RES. Methodologies presented here are based on the so called residual load duration curves approach.

关键词： Mathematical model Electricity Equations Generators Planning Capacity planning Probabilistic logic

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Kentucky Smart Grid roadmap initiative

Kentucky Smart Grid roadmap initiative

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Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT)

作者： Y. Du M. Turner Y. Liao M. Sunkara J. DeRouen A. Greenwell J. Rogness K. Cole J. Gardner Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Kentucky Public Service Commission Frankfort KY USA

Smart Grid refers to the modernization of the electric grid through the integration of advanced technologies with an intelligent information infrastructure to offer numerous benefits to both electricity providers and consumers. The Kentucky public Service Commission, the University of Kentucky, and the University of Louisville have partnered to develop a technical roadmap for the development and deployment of Smart Grid technology throughout the Commonwealth of Kentucky. In this paper, objectives of the Initiative and the work plan will be introduced, and key technology areas along with applicable infrastructure areas will be identified. An assessment model for the evaluation of Smart Grid technologies and functionalities will be created, followed by evaluation reports on each infrastructure area, based on which the final Kentucky Smart Grid Roadmap report will be developed to provide recommendations and best practices to utilities and stakeholders to guide individual grid modernization approaches.

关键词： Smart grids Educational institutions Energy resources Active appearance model Reliability Best practices

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