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Regulatory and policy issues protecting public safety with better communications systems

IEEE Communications Magazine 2005年第3期43卷 10-11页

作者： J.M. Peha Electrical engineering and public policy Carnegie Mellon University

The communications failure present in the September 11 World Trade Center tragedy served as the basis for this paper. These communications failures are not the result of simple operator error or a single design flaw. The problems are rooted in the basic technical architecture of the communications infrastructure used for public safety in the United States, and the policy that produced that infrastructure. This paper presents innovation in both technology and policy to address the many problems.

关键词： Protection Telecommunications Terrorism Fires Tsunami Costs Systems engineering and theory Communication system security Domestic safety Wireless communication

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Capacity expansion and investment as a function of electricity market structure: Part I - Generation

Capacity expansion and investment as a function of electrici...

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Power Tech Conference

作者： Zhiyong Wu Marija Ilic Engineering and Public Policy Department Carnegie Mellon University USA Electrical engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Engineering Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University USA

This paper concerns the problem of capacity expansion and investment as the electric power industry undergoes major restructuring worldwide. In particular, the objectives of investment in fully regulated industry are compared with the capacity expansion in a spot only market. It is concluded that the incentives in spot only markets depend on the rules for bidding functions into the market: If only short-run marginal cost bidding curves are allowed, and no margin on forecast demand is added, basically no new investment will take place. On the other hand, if it is allowed to bid average costs, instead of short-run marginal costs, this would provide sufficiently strong incentive signals to ensure necessary installed capacity. Given that today's measurements of market power in the spot market classify any bids higher than the short-run marginal cost as market power, we suggest that it is essential to introduce other means of providing incentives to install capacity in a timely manner. This can be done by designing longer-term physical and/or financial mechanisms for valuing future investments. In this paper we propose a stratum electricity market (SEM) structure which consists of several sequentially clearing sub-markets, ranging from a day-ahead-market (DAM), through month-, season-, year-, five year- and even ten year-forward sub- markets. The performance of this newly proposed SEM is illustrated using simulations on a simple power system in which four different types of generation technologies supply system load.

关键词： Investments Electricity supply industry Power generation Costs Power system simulation public policy Power system economics Capacity planning Pricing Decision making

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Transmission planning and investment in the competitive environment

Transmission planning and investment in the competitive envi...

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2005 IEEE Russia Power Tech, PowerTech

作者： Gross, George IEEE Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute of Government and Public Affairs University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign IL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424418749

This paper describes the underlying complexities and nature of the situation for the transmission planning and investment challenges in the competitive environment. In the past, the ownership, operation and planning of the transmission network were in the hands of a single central entity. However, the unbundling of the electricity business has raised new challenges that confront the restructured industry. The previous vertically integrated structure has been replaced by a decentralized decision making paradigm. The large number of new players, the proliferation in the number of transactions on the networks, the markedly different utilization of the transmission than in the way it was planned have all contributed to the severe stress of the transmission network. This has resulted in frequent congestion situations with too many customers attempting to obtain what, in effect, are limited transmission services. Investments in the transmission network have failed to keep pace with the increasing demand. The causes for the sorry state of transmission are discussed and the key challenges in the transmission investment arena in the competitive environment are outlined.

关键词： Electric power transmission networks

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Using software agents to test electric markets and systems

Using software agents to test electric markets and systems

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2005 IEEE Power engineering Society General Meeting

作者： Thomas, Robert J. Mount, Timothy D. IEEE School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 United States Department of Applied Economics and Management Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cornell University IEEE-USA Energy Policy Committee Department of Applied Economics and Management Cornell University

ISBN: (纸本)078039156X

Electric energy systems have been restructuring for several years. Markets associated with a restructured electricity business have proven to be difficult to design and run because of their repetitive nature and the externalities provided by reliable grid operation. In a deregulated market environment, market participants will pursue their own profit maximizing objective rather than use an objective that reflects social benefit. When market rules are correct, both objectives should produce the same outcome. Testing a market design through simulation is an important step in the market design process. Multi-agent simulation is useful for gaining insights into market participant behavior under various rules. In this way market rules can be tested for efficacy and efficiency. A well-designed software agent that can represent the essence of individual's or a firms behavior is a very efficient way to explore outcomes. Due to the uncertainty and the complexity of electricity markets and when a real electric power network is present, software agents developed by others have found it difficult to fully emulate the behavior of human agents. Much of our research has been aimed at evaluating the results of additional policies, such as 1) requiring suppliers to hold forward contracts 2) adding fixed contracts for imported power, 3) increasing the base load capacity of suppliers and 4) wheeling policy effects on offer behavior. Overall, the results show that analytically derived software agents can replicate actual behavior in a deregulated electricity market, can provide new insights into how suppliers behave, and can evaluate a wide range of policy options for mitigating high prices. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Software agents

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Branched-bus HF power-delay-profile approach of indoor PLC channels

Branched-bus HF power-delay-profile approach of indoor PLC c...

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9th International Symposium on Power Line Communications and Its Applications, ISPLC 2005

作者： Papaleonidopoulos, Ioannis C. Ioannou, Christakis A. Karagiannopoulos, Constantinos G. Theodorou, Nickolas J. National Technical University of Athens Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Zografou Athens Greece Public Power Corporation S.A. Network Constructions and Maintenance Department Athens Greece

ISBN: (纸本)0780388445

In this paper, the branched-bus topology is evaluated as representative of indoor PLC channels' multipath fading properties. The path amplitude and arrival-time distributions are investigated, as well as ranging of the RMS-delay-spread. Specific analogy between the simpified topology and real indoor power-line network structures is hereupon introduced. The evaluation is performed via comparative simulation between channel routes of a real in-house network and the corresponding branched-bus configurations. A novel computational simulation tool is to this effect employed. Qualitative suitability of the examined topology is indeed verified, and quantitative deductions are extracted as well. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Programmable logic controllers

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Autonomous agents and cooperation for the control of cascading failures in electric grids

Autonomous agents and cooperation for the control of cascadi...

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IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control

作者： P. Hines Huaiwei Liao Dong Jia S. Talukdar Engineering and Public Policy Department Camegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Camegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

A power system can be thought of as a stochastic hybrid system: a finite state machine whose states involve continuous variables with uncertain dynamics. Transitions in this machine correspond to outages of generation and transmission equipment. A cascading failure corresponds to a series of such transitions whose net effect is a blackout. We present evidence that the probability of cascading failures is subject to phase transitions - large and abrupt changes that result from only small changes in system stress. We suggest a network of distributed, autonomous agents to reduce the ill effects of cascading failures. These agents improve their decisions by cooperating (sharing goals and exchanging information with their neighbors). Results from experiments on the IEEE 118 bus test case are included.

关键词： Autonomous agents Power system faults Power system protection Power system dynamics Hybrid power systems Electric variables control Stochastic systems Automata Stress Testing

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Wide gm adjustment range highly linear OTA with programmable mirrors operating in triode mode

Wide gm adjustment range highly linear OTA with programmable...

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2005 IEEE International 48th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, MWSCAS 2005

作者： Savant, Milind Subhash Ramírez-Angulo, Jaime López-Martín, Antonio J. Carvajal, Ramon G. Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Eng. New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM United States Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Public University of Navarra Pamplona Spain Escuela Superior de Ingenieros Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla Spain

ISBN: (纸本)0780391977

A new very compact and highly linear CMOS OTA, with very wide gain tuning range, Is presented. It uses a fixed gain linear V-I converter Input stage and electronically programmable current mirrors working In triode which are very compact and continuously adjustable. Programmability Is achieved by tuning VDS of the mirroring transistors. The OTA Input range and bandwidth Is approximately Independent of gain adjustment. Simulation results In 0.5μm CMOS technology verify the characteristics of the proposed OTA with distortion less than 0.5% over the entire tuning range. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Mirrors

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New compact implementation of a very high performance CMOS current mirror

New compact implementation of a very high performance CMOS c...

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2005 IEEE International 48th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, MWSCAS 2005

作者： Sawant, Milind Subhash Ramírez-Angulo, Jaime López-Martín, Antonio J. Carvajal, Ramon G. Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Eng. New Mexico State University Las Cruces MM United States Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Public University of Navarra Pamplona Spain Escuela Superior de Ingenieros Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla Spain

ISBN: (纸本)0780391977

A high performance current mirror implementation with very low Input resistance, very high output resistance, high copying accuracy, low Input and output voltage supply requirements and high bandwidth Is proposed. The circuit Is very compact and Its characteristics are validated with simulations In 0.5μm CMOS technology. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： CMOS integrated circuits

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Data mining in health care

Data mining in health care

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2005 International Conference on Data Mining, DMIN'05

作者： Qazi, Farhan A. Dennison, Thomas H. Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering 121 Link Hall Syracuse University Syracuse NY 13244 United States Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs 426 Eggers Hall Syracuse University Syracuse NY 13244 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781932415797

Data mining in health care is becoming an important phenomenon as there is an increasingly use of computer technology in this field. Health care organizations accumulate a great deal of patient data and the health care business is facing growing financial risk everyday. Similar to the use of data mining in the financial industry to help construct financial models, data mining can be used in health care organizations for developing patient profiles for wellness and risk using patient information. Data Mining is a crucial tool that health care organizations need to implement not only to help organize their patient records but also to help with recognizing the everyday risks of the business. This paper reviews the process of data mining, some applications of data mining and ethical issues related to health care information. Evaluation results of one of the major data mining software and future of data mining is also discussed.

关键词： Health care

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Generation Expansion Planning Including Biomass Energy Sources with Global Environmental Consideration Using Improved Tabu Search

Generation Expansion Planning Including Biomass Energy Sourc...

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IEEE Region 10 International Conference TENCON

作者： Dulyatat Nualhong Songsak Chusanapiputt Sujate Jantarang Vuthichai Pungprasert Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Mahanakom University of Technology Bangkok Thailand Electrical Engineering Department Electrical and Control System Engineering Division EGAT Public Company Limited Nonthaburi Thailand Department of Electrical Power Engineering Faculty of Engineering Mahanakom University of Technology Bangkok Thailand Department of Electrical Power Engineering University of Technology Bangkok Thailand Department of Computer Engineering Mahanakorn University of Technology Bangkok Thailand Research and Development Office EGAT Public Company Limited Nonthaburi Thailand Research and Development Office EGAT Public Company Limited Nonthaburi Thailand

This paper presents a development of improved Tabu search (ITS) and its application to a least-cost generation expansion planning (GEP) including biomass energy sources under global environmental impact consideration. A carbon tax is taken into account as counter measure to reduce CO 2 emission for introducing and promoting biomass energies to GEP problem based conventional fossil-fuel plants. The proposed ITS is conducted by the proposed a self-reforming candidate list strategies to improve search performance of a standard TS. The ITS approach is applied to the test system with 15 existing power plants, 5 types of conventional fossil-fuel and 2 types of biomass energy over a 14-year planning period. The simulation results reveal that the proposed ITS not only can yield optimal solution as well as dynamic programming, but also can remarkably reduce computational time. Moreover, the proposed method provides better solution superior to a standard Tabu search with promising results.

关键词： Biomass Carbon tax Counting circuits Energy measurement Automatic testing System testing Power generation Power system planning Strategic planning Computational modeling

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