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Classification of breast masses in mammogram images using Ripley's K function and support vector machine 1

5th International Conference on Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition, MLDM 2007

作者： De Oliveira Martins, Leonardo Da Silva, Erick Corrêa Silva, Aristáfanes Corrêa De Paiva, Anselmo Cardoso Gattass, Marcelo Federal University of Maranhão - UFMA Department of Electrical Engineering Campus do Bacanga Av. dos Portugueses SN Bacanga 65085-580 São Luás MA Brazil Federal University of Maranhão - UFMA Department of Computer Science Campus do Bacanga Av. dos Portugueses SN Bacanga 65085-580 São Luás MA Brazil Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro Technical Scientific Center Departament of Informatics Rua Marquês de São Vicente 225 Gávea 22453-900 - Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9783540734994

ISBN: (纸本)9783540734987

Female breast cancer is a major cause of death in western countries. Several computer techniques have been developed to aid radiologists to improve their performance in the detection and diagnosis of breast abnormalities. In Point Pattern Analysis, there is a statistic known as Ripley's K function that is frequently applied to Spatial Analysis in Ecology, like mapping specimens of plants. This paper proposes a new way in applying Ripley's K function to classify breast masses from mammogram images. The features of each nodule image are obtained through the calculate of that function. Then, the samples gotten are classified through a Support Vector Machine (SVM) as benign or malignant masses. SVM is a machine-learning method, based on the principle of structural risk minimization, which performs well when applied to data outside the training set. The best result achieved was 94.94% of accuracy, 92.86% of sensitvity and 93.33% of specificity. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007.

关键词： Oncology

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An Information Theoretic Framework for Ontology-based Bioinformatics

An Information Theoretic Framework for Ontology-based Bioinf...

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Information Theory and Applications Workshop, ITA

作者： Gil Alterovitz Michael Xiang Marco F. Ramoni Harvard Partners Center for Genetics and Genomics Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Division of Health Sciences and Technology Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Institute of Technology Boston MA Children's Hospital Informatics Program Boston MA Harvard Partners Center for Genetics and Genomics Harvard Medical School Boston MA.

With myriad information being generated from high-throughput experiments such as microarrays and sequencing technologies, an ever-increasing amount of data is being recorded and analyzed with the help of hierarchical ontologies, such as the gene ontology (GO). We have developed a novel framework- based on the well established foundations of information theory- that allows for the evaluation of new types of hypotheses. The framework, encapsulated in open biomedical ontology-based exploration and search (OBOES), has already been applied in the investigation of different kinds of questions. The resulting framework enables the new field of information theoretic ontology-based analysis. We have applied this framework to create methods to re-engineer ontologies, explore fundamental questions on the evolution of biological complexity, determine optimal ontology terms for bioinformatics analysis, and quantify the usefulness of biofluids as proxies for tissues/diseases. In each case, we found that our methods provide novel, significant findings. An open source Java implementation of OBOES is available at: http://***.

关键词： Ontologies Bioinformatics Genomics Information analysis Biological information theory Information theory Genetic communication Humans Biochemistry Frequency

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Oxide-based electrochromics for energy efficient buildings: Materials, technologies, testing, and perspectives

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2007年第1期93卷 012021-012021页

作者： Granqvist, C.G. Azens, A. Smulko, J. Kish, L.B. Department of Engineering Sciences Ångström Laboratory Uppsala University SE-75121 Uppsala P O Box 534 Sweden ChromoGenics Sweden AB SE-75323 Uppsala Märstagatan 4 Sweden Faculty of Electronics Telecommunications and Informatics Gdańsk University of Technology 80-952 Gdańsk Ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12 Poland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas AandM University College Station TX 77843-3128 United States

Electrochromic oxide films form the basis of smart windows, which are of much interest in forthcoming building technology and are able to provide energy efficiency and indoor comfort simultaneously. This paper introduces smart windows technology, which now seems ready for large-scale applications. Electrochromics is discussed from the viewpoints of materials, device design, low-cost manufacturing, and applications to buildings as well as some niche products. Finally there are some perspectives on the future role of oxide electrochromics in the built environment. © 2007 IOP Publishing Ltd.

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Detection of flight plan divergence in the horizontal plane

Detection of flight plan divergence in the horizontal plane

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AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference 2006

作者： Fourlas, George K. Lygeros, John of Lamia Lamia 35100 Greece Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Patras Rio Patras 26500 Greece Department of Informatics and Computer Technology Greece Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Greece

ISBN: (纸本)1563478196

A methodology and algorithms for the detection of divergences of aircraft from their flight plans on the horizontal plane are presented. Deviations from the flight plan are often the result human error, such as miscommunication between the pilot and the air traffic controller (ATC), situational awareness errors of the ATC, discrepancies between the mental picture of the ATC and his/her decision support tools, etc. The goal is to detect divergences due to these factors as early as possible and provide a timely warning. The difficulty is distinguishing these "important" divergences from generic deviations, due for example to local wind conditions. Here we develop algorithms for addressing this problem, inspired by methods from fault detection and isolation. The algorithms are tested on a detailed simulation of a Boeing 763-300 flying in a wind Held with realistic spatio-temporal correlation structure.

关键词： Air navigation

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SIBIOS ontology: A robust package for the integration and pipelining of bioinformatics services

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3rd International Workshop on Data Integration in the Life Sciences, DILS 2006

作者： Mahoui, Malika Ben Miled, Zina Srinivasan, Sriram Dippold, Mindi Yang, Bing Nianhua, Li School of Informatics IUPUI United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering IUPUI United States Department of Computer and Information Sciences IUPUI United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540365931

The recent technological advancements in biological research have allowed researchers to advance their knowledge of the domain far beyond expectations. The advent of easily accessible biological web databases such as NCBI databases and associated tools such as BLAST are key components to this development. However, with the growing number of these web based biological research tools and data sources, the time necessary to invest in becoming a domain expert is immense. Therefore, it is important to allow for easy user deployment of the wealth of available data sources and tools necessary to conduct biological research. In this paper we discuss an approach to create and maintain a robust ontology knowledge base that serves as the core for SIBIOS, a workflow based integration system for bioinformatics tools and data sources. Further, deployment of the ontology in various components of SIBIOS is discussed. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006.

关键词： Pipeline processing systems

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Iterative method for designing an observer-based mixed H₂/D-stability controller

Iterative method for designing an observer-based mixed <i>H<...

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SICE-ICASE International Joint Conference

作者： Kami, Yasushi Nobuyama, Eitaku Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Akashi National College of Technology Hyogo Japan Department of Systems Innovation and Informatics Kyushu Institute of Technology Fukuoka Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9788995003848

This paper treats the output feedback H-2 control with regional pole placement condition. In general, this problem is a BMI problem which is difficult to be solved theoretically. The purpose of this paper is to propose an iterative method for obtaining a sub-optimal solution of the H-2 control problem with regional pole placement condition. The key idea of this paper is to employ a full-order observer-based controller. The proposed method produces a sequence of controllers which approaches to the unconstrained globally optimal H-2 controller while it satisfies the D-stability constraint. A numerical example shows the effectiveness of our method.

关键词： mixed H-2/D-stability control observer-based controller iterative algorithm separation principle

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An integrated temporal partitioning and mapping framework for handling custom instructions on a reconfigurable functional unit

An integrated temporal partitioning and mapping framework fo...

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11th Asia-Pacific Conference on Advances in computer Systems Architecture, ACSAC 2006

作者： Mehdipour, Farhad Noori, Hamid Saheb Zamani, Morteza Murakami, Kazuaki Sedighi, Mehdi Inoue, Koji Computer and IT Engineering Department Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran Department of Informatics Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University Japan

ISBN: (纸本)3540400567

Extensible processors allow customization for an application by extending the core instruction set architecture. Extracting appropriate custom instructions is an important phase for implementing an application on an extensible processor with a reconfigurable functional unit. Custom instructions (CIs) usually are extracted from critical portions of applications. This paper presents approaches for CI generation with respect to the RFU constraints to improve speedup of the extensible processor. First, our proposed RFU architecture for an adaptive dynamic extensible processor called AMBER is described. Then, an integrated temporal partitioning and mapping framework is presented to partition and map the CIs on the RFU. In this framework, a mapping aware temporal partitioning algorithm is used to generate CIs which are mappable on the RFU. Temporal partitioning iterates and modifies partitions incrementally to generate CIs. In addition, a mapping algorithm is presented which supports CIs with critical path length more than the RFU depth. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006.

关键词： Program processors

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Influence of head models on neuromagnetic fields and inverse source localizations

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BioMedical engineering Online 2006年第1期5卷 1-13页

作者： Ramon, Ceon Haueisen, Jens Schimpf, Paul H. Department of Electrical Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 United States Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics Technical University Ilmenau Ilmenau Germany School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Washington State University Spokane WA 99202 United States

Background: The magnetoencephalograms (MEGs) are mainly due to the source currents. However, there is a significant contribution to MEGs from the volume currents. The structure of the anatomical surfaces, e.g., gray and white matter, could severely influence the flow of volume currents in a head model. This, in turn, will also influence the MEGs and the inverse source localizations. This was examined in detail with three different human head models. Methods: Three finite element head models constructed from segmented MR images of an adult male subject were used for this study. These models were: (1) Model 1: full model with eleven tissues that included detailed structure of the scalp, hard and soft skull bone, CSF, gray and white matter and other prominent tissues, (2) the Model 2 was derived from the Model 1 in which the conductivity of gray matter was set equal to the white matter, i.e., a ten tissuetype model, (3) the Model 3 consisted of scalp, hard skull bone, CSF, gray and white matter, i.e., a five tissue-type model. The lead fields and MEGs due to dipolar sources in the motor cortex were computed for all three models. The dipolar sources were oriented normal to the cortical surface and had a dipole moment of 100 μA meter. The inverse source localizations were performed with an exhaustive search pattern in the motor cortex area. A set of 100 trial inverse runs was made covering the 3 cm cube motor cortex area in a random fashion. The Model 1 was used as a reference model. Results: The reference model (Model 1), as expected, performed best in localizing the sources in the motor cortex area. The Model 3 performed the worst. The mean source localization errors (MLEs) of the Model 3 were larger than the Model 1 or 2. The contour plots of the magnetic fields on top of the head were also different for all three models. The magnetic fields due to source currents were larger in magnitude as compared to the magnetic fields of volume currents. Discussion: These results

关键词： Biomedical engineering

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Serial concatenation of linear block codes and a rate-1 convolutional code 4

Serial concatenation of linear block codes and a rate-1 conv...

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6th International ITG-Conference on Source and Channel Coding and 2006 4th International Symposium on Turbo Codes and Related Topics, TURBOCODING 2006

作者： Martin, Philippa A. Isaka, Motohiko Fossorier, Marc P. C. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand Department of Informatics Kwansei Gakuin University Sanda6691337 Japan Department of Electrical Engineering University of Hawaii ManoaHI96822 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783800729470

In this paper we look at the serial concatenation of linear block codes with a rate-l recursive convolutional code (accumulator). In particular, we present results for extended Bose Chaudhuri Hocquenghem (eBCH) codes. These codes offer low error floors, good performance and more flexible rate choices than product codes. Reduced complexity list decoding is used to decode the eBCH codes in order to maintain low decoding complexity.

关键词： Convolutional codes

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Remarks on singularities of a rational B-Spline representation of the sphere 5

Remarks on singularities of a rational B-Spline representati...

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5th International Conference APLIMAT 2006

作者： Schindler, Frank Department of Applied Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Slovak Technical University Ilkovičová 3 BratislavaSK-812 19 Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)809673055X

In this article I deal with singularities of a rational B-Spline representation of the sphere. If just one rectangular parametric patch is used to form the whole sphere then two unwanted singularities arise. Those are the two points lying on the axis of revolution and therefore during the rotation of the half circle through an angle of 360 degrees around the diameter they form two degenerate isoparametric curves in one parametric direction. Of course, such points are problematic for most applications in graphics and CAD design because in their vicinity existing numerical methods for curve/surface or surface/surface intersections fail to converge. To circumvent this I suggest to use at least three such parametric patches via trimmed surfaces to fully describe the boundary of the sphere preserving the Euler formula and geometric G2 continuity of the resulting solid.

关键词： Spheres

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