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Industrial electrical and Electronics (ICIEE), International Conference on

作者： A.N. Afandi Aji Prasetya Wibawa Yuni Rahmawati Sunaryono Makiko Kobayashi Electrical Engineering Department Smart Power and Advanced Energy Systems Center Center of Advanced Material for Renewable Energy Universitas Negeri Malang Malang Indonesia Electrical Engineering Department Universitas Negeri Malang Malang Indonesia Department of Physics Universitas Negeri Malang Malang Indonesia Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665486231

The power system is made up of electricity generating facilities, transmission networks, and distribution networks. Utility companies are also final energy users in these systems. Transmission lines are used in the construction of the trans-mission system to link all networks and transport generated power to load requirements. Electricity loss on transmission lines during power supply is transformed into line heating. In this study, the Thunderstorm Algorithm (TA) is used to optimize transmission conductor heating caused by power losses. By taking into consideration dynamic power losses, conductors, measured external temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed, Transmission Conductor Heating (TCH) is used to determine the temperature of bare overhead lines. Technical parameters are used to apply TA to the TCH as well. The transmission conductor heating is approached using a thermal model for the end temperature, and the results demonstrate that power losses result in thermal performances. Additionally, due to the current dynamic losses, the temperature deviation changes with each operating hour. At the temperature threshold, which represents the ambient operating temperature, the optimization produces various outcomes.

关键词： Temperature measurement Heating systems Power transmission lines Heuristic algorithms Power system dynamics Conductors Thermal conductivity

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Electrochemical Oxidation of Ammonia-Laden Wastewater in the Mining Industry

Electrochemical Oxidation of Ammonia-Laden Wastewater in the...

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作者： Elsahwi, Essam S. Hopp, Conrad E. Dawson, Francis P. Ruda, Harry E. Kirk, Donald W. University of Toronto Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering TorontoONM5S 3E4 Canada University of Toronto Department of Mineral Engineering TorontoONM5S 3E4 Canada University of Toronto Department of Material Science & Engineering TorontoONM5S 3E4 Canada University of Toronto Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry TorontoONM5S 3E4 Canada

Ammonia is a common contaminant in municipalities where human waste causes nitrification of local water bodies. In mining, ammonia contamination occurs as a byproduct of biological water treatment, from the use of ammonium nitrate fuel oil in explosives, and from the exposure of ammonia rich soils during the excavation process. In particular, gold mine effluent represents a significant source of ammonia and nitrogen-based contaminants. Current biological and abiotic treatment processes are difficult to employ at the scale required at mine sites due to the high operating costs, or are limited in effectiveness due to a lack of natural resources required to facilitate the treatment. This article evaluates the use of electrooxidation as a cost effective alternative to treating ammonia-ladenwastewater inmining applications. Two mixed metal oxide electrodes are assessed in this article: IrO2/Ti andRuO2/Ti *** Carlo simulation is performed to determine a probabilistic range of capital and operating expenditure for a mining operation deploying an electrooxidation wastewater treatment system. The lowest capital cost of operating the electrochemical treatment occurs at a current density of 200 A/m2, where the number of cells required for treatment is minimized. © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Ammonia

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Influence of Diffuse and Ground-Reflected Irradiance on the Spectral Modeling of Solar Reference Cells

Influence of Diffuse and Ground-Reflected Irradiance on the ...

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American Solar Energy Society National Solar Conference 2021, SOLAR 2021

作者： Vignola, Frank Peterson, Josh Kessler, Rich Snider, Sean Gotseff, Peter Sengupta, Manajit Habte, Aron Andreas, Afshin Mavromatakis, Fotis Material Science Instituted University of Oregon Eugene United States St. Mary's High School Medford United States National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean University Heraklion Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9783982040868

An enhanced model is introduced to estimate reference cell output on a two-axis tracking surface using measured spectral irradiance and reference cell temperature. The model also uses the reference cell spectral responsivity and the spectral temperature responsivity. Under clear skies in July and December, the model reproduces reference cell measurements with an uncertainty of 0.9% at the 95% level of confidence. Under cloudy conditions during July, the modeled results match the measured data with an uncertainty 4.5% at the 95% level of confidence, and in December, the difference was 5.3%. These uncertainties are over a range of solar zenith angles from 20° to 85°. © 2021. The Authors.

关键词： Uncertainty analysis

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A Versatile Strategy for Hybridizing Small Experimental and Large Simulation Data: A Case for Ceramic Tape-Casting Process

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kim, Jeong-Hun Ko, Hyunseok Yeo, Dong-Hun Park, Zeehoon Kumar, Upendra Yoo, Kwan-Hee Nasridinov, Aziz Cho, Sung Beom College of Electrical & Computer Engineering Chungbuk National University Cheongju28644 Korea Republic of Center of Material Digitalization Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology Jinju52851 Korea Republic of Ceramic Test-bed Center Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology Icheon17303 Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering Ajou University Suwon16499 Korea Republic of

In manufacturing industry, finding optimal design parameters for targeted properties has traditionally been guided by trial and error. However, limited data availability to few hundreds sets of experimental data in typical materials processes, the machine-learning capabilities and other data-driven modeling (DDM) techniques are too far from it to be practical. In this study, we show how a versatile design strategy, tightly coupled with physics-based modeling (PBM) data, can be applied to small set of experimental data to improve the optimization of process parameters. Our strategy uses PBM to achieve augmented data that includes essential physics: in other words, the PBM data allows the inverse design model to ‘learn’ physics, indirectly. We demonstrated the accuracy of both forward-prediction and inverse-optimization have been dramatically improved with the help of PBM data, which are relatively cheap and abundant. Furthermore, we found that the inverse model with augmented data can accurately optimize process parameters, even for ones those were not considered in the simulation. Such versatile strategy can be helpful for processes/experiments for the cases where the number of collectable data is limited, which is most of the case in industries. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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Layer-dependent optically induced spin polarization in InSe

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Physical Review B 2023年第11期107卷 115304-115304页

作者： Jovan Nelson Teodor K. Stanev Dmitry Lebedev Trevor LaMountain J. Tyler Gish Hongfei Zeng Hyeondeok Shin Olle Heinonen Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi Mark C. Hersam Nathaniel P. Stern Applied Physics Program Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Material Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Computational Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont Illinois 60439 USA Material Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont Illinois 60439 USA Research Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

Optical control of spin in semiconductors has been pioneered using nanostructures of III-V and II-VI semiconductors, but the emergence of two-dimensional van der Waals materials offers an alternative low-dimensional platform for spintronic phenomena. Indium selenide (InSe), a group-III monochalcogenide van der Waals material, has shown promise for optoelectronics due to its high electron mobility, tunable direct band gap, and quantum transport. In addition to these confirmed properties, there are predictions of spin-dependent optical selection rules, suggesting the potential for all-optical excitation and control of spin in a two-dimensional layered material. Despite these predictions, layer-dependent optical spin phenomena in InSe have yet to be explored. Here, we present measurements of layer-dependent optical spin dynamics in few-layer and bulk InSe. Polarized photoluminescence reveals layer-dependent optical orientation of spin, thereby demonstrating the optical selection rules in few-layer InSe. Spin dynamics are also studied in many-layer InSe using time-resolved Kerr rotation spectroscopy. By applying out-of-plane and in-plane static magnetic fields for polarized emission measurements and Kerr measurements, respectively, the g factor for InSe was extracted. Further investigations are done by calculating precession values using a k·p model, which is supported by ab initio density functional theory. Comparison of predicted precession rates with experimental measurements highlights the importance of excitonic effects in InSe for understanding spin dynamics. Optical orientation of spin is an important prerequisite for optospintronic phenomena and devices, and these first demonstrations of layer-dependent optical excitation of spins in InSe lay the foundation for combining layer-dependent spin properties with advantageous electronic properties found in this material.

关键词： Magneto-optics Spin dynamics Chalcogenides Layered semiconductors Van der Waals systems Density functional theory Kerr effect Photoluminescence k dot p method

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Peritectic behavior detection in the Fe-C-Mn-Al-Si steel system using fiber optic temperature mapping

Peritectic behavior detection in the Fe-C-Mn-Al-Si steel sys...

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AISTech 2020 Iron and Steel Technology Conference

作者： Roman, Muhammad Balogun, Damilola Gerald, Rex E. Bartlett, Laura Huang, Jie O'Malley, Ronald J. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology RollaMO65409 United States Department of Material Science and Engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology RollaMO65409 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781935117872

Peritectic reactions can cause surface defects and breakouts in continuous casting and the peritectic region is often avoided by adjusting the chemical composition of the steel to cast outside of the peritectic sensitivity range. However, the combined effects of C, Mn, Al, and Si on the boundaries that map peritectic region are still disputed for many advanced high strength steel grades. An apparatus for performing controlled solidification experiments is being developed to characterize the effects of chemical composition on the uniformity of shell growth during solidification using a copper chill mold with an embedded fiber-optic temperature sensor that enables high spatial resolution temperature mapping. The spatially distributed fiber-optic sensor employs optical frequency domain reflectometry to measure temperatures with a 0.6mm spatial resolution along the length of the fiber at a 20ms sampling rate to map closely spaced temperature features caused by the peritectic reaction. This paper reports progress on the ongoing efforts to develop a peritectic sensing system using optical fiber temperature sensing technology. © 2020 by the Association for Iron & Steel Technology.

关键词： Frequency domain analysis

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Imaging of Nanoscale Light Confinement in Plasmonic Nanoantennas by Brownian Optical Microscopy (vol 14, pg 7666, 2020)

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ACS NANO 2020年第9期14卷 12261-12261页

作者： Lee, Yeon Ui Wisna, G. Bimananda M. Hsu, Su-Wen Zhao, Junxiang Lei, Ming Li, Shilong Tao, Andrea R. Liu, Zhaowei Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 United States Material Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 United States Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 United States Material Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 United States Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 United States Material Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 United States

The strongly enhanced and confined subwavelength optical fields near plasmonic nanoantennas have been extensively studied not only for the fundamental understanding of light-matter interactions at the nanoscale but also for their emerging practical application in enhanced second harmonic generation, improved inelastic electron tunneling, harvesting solar energy, and photocatalysis. However, owing to the deep subwavelength nature of plasmonic field confinement, conventional optical imaging techniques are incapable of characterizing the optical performance of these plasmonic nanoantennas. Here, we demonstrate super-resolution imaging of ∼20 nm optical field confinement by monitoring randomly moving dye molecules near plasmonic nanoantennas. This Brownian optical microscopy is especially suitable for plasmonic field characterization because of its capabilities for polarization sensitive wide-field super-resolution imaging.

关键词： super-resolution imaging plasmonic nanoantennas hot spot imaging Brownian optical microscopy fluorescence enhancement nanophotonics plasmonics

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Copper to gold thermal compression bonding in heterogenous wafer-scale systems

Copper to gold thermal compression bonding in heterogenous w...

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Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC)

作者： Krutikesh Sahoo Saptadeep Pal Niloofar Shakoorzadeh Yu-Tao Yang Subramanian S. Iyer Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Los Angeles CA USA Material Science and Engineering University of California Los Angeles CA USA

Direct metal-metal thermocompression bonding (TCB) process is necessary to scale the bump pitches to $\leq 10\mu\mathrm{m}$ as previously demonstrated using Copper(Cu) to Copper TCB on Silicon Interconnect Fabric (Si-IF). However, to extend the bonding process to a wafer level assembly of dielets, passivation of exposed Cu is necessary throughout the bonding process. In this work, we explore Copper-to-Gold TCB process to address the problem of Cu oxidation on Si-IF substrate prior to bonding. Any exposed copper the Si-IF is capped with Titanium (Ti) and Gold (Au) of thickness 20 nm and 200 nm respectively. This gold coating prevents any oxidation of copper on the substrate irrespective of the TCB temperature. First, the Cu-Au phase diagram was analysed to get an estimate of the parameters necessary for diffusion between Au and Cu during TCB. Next, bonding tests were performed, in which $2\mathrm{X}2\ \text{mm}^{2}$ dielets with copper pads were bonded to blanket Au capped Cu samples. We found Cu to Au thermocompression bonding to be feasible, even when the Si-IF substrate was exposed to high temperatures (≈100°C) for several hours. With optimization of bonding force and time, the shear force required to remove die from the substrate was found to be ≈ 110 N. In addition, the reliability of the bonded structures were investigated through high temperature storage testing. Post high temperature storage at 125 °C for two weeks, the shear strength was found to vary within 10% of its pre-storage value. Using the optimized process, daisy chain dielets terminated with Cu pads were bonded to Au capped Cu pillars on the Si-IF. We observed 100% connectivity across all the testable daisy chains. The average specific contact resistance of each pillar was found to be

关键词： Gold Surface resistance Titanium Contact resistance Oxidation Copper Bonding

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Spontaneous emission decay and excitation in photonic temporal crystals

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Park, Jagang Lee, Kyungmin Zhang, Ruo-Yang Park, Hee-Chul Ryu, Jung-Wan Cho, Gil Young Lee, Min Yeul Zhang, Zhaoqing Park, Namkyoo Jeon, Wonju Shin, Jonghwa Chan, C.T. Min, Bumki Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon999077 Hong Kong Department of Physics Pukyong National University Busan48513 Korea Republic of Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems Institute for Basic Science Daejeon34126 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang37673 Korea Republic of Department of Material Sciences and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of

Over the last few decades, the prominent strategies for controlling spontaneous emission has been the use of resonant or space-periodic photonic structures [1–18]. This approach, initially articulated by Purcell [19] and later expanded by Bykov [1, 2] and Yablonovitch [3] in the context of photonic crystals, leverages the spatial surroundings to modify the spontaneous emission decay rate of atoms or quantum emitters. However, the rise of time-varying photonics [20–33] has compelled a reevaluation of the spontaneous emission process within dynamically changing environments, especially concerning photonic temporal crystals where optical properties undergo time-periodic modulation [20, 23]. Here, we apply classical light-matter interaction theory along with Floquet analysis to reveal a substantial enhancement in the spontaneous emission decay rate at the momentum gap frequency in photonic temporal crystals. This enhancement is attributed to time-periodicity-induced loss and gain mechanisms, as well as the non-orthogonality of Floquet eigenstates that are inherent to photonic temporal crystals. Intriguingly, our findings also suggest that photonic temporal crystals enable a non-equilibrium light-matter interaction process: the spontaneous excitation of an atom from its ground state to an excited state, accompanied by the concurrent emission of a photon, referred to as spontaneous emission excitation. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Spontaneous emission

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Long-range photodetection of organic exciton-polaritons

Long-range photodetection of organic exciton-polaritons

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Bin Liu Xinjing Huang Stephen R. Forrest Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Department of Material Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA

In light-matter strong coupling regime, we observe long-range photodetection response at room temperature mediated by organic exciton-polaritons, which results from strong interactions between organic excitons and low... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9781957171050

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466660

关键词： Couplings Surface waves Excitons Lasers and electrooptics Laser excitation Electrooptical waveguides

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