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Magnetic nanoparticles in nanomedicine

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Wu, Kai Su, Diqing Liu, Jinming Saha, Renata Wang, Jian-Ping Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States

Nanomaterials, in addition to their small size, possess unique physicochemical properties that differ from the bulk materials, making them ideal for a host of novel applications. Magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) is one important class of nanomaterials that have been widely studied for their potential applications in nanomedicine. Due to the fact that MNPs can be detected and manipulated by remote magnetic fields, it opens a wide opportunity for them to be used in vivo. Nowadays, MNPs have been used for diverse applications including magnetic biosensing (diagnostics), magnetic imaging, magnetic separation, drug and gene delivery, and hyperthermia therapy, etc. This review aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of the state-of-the-art biological and biomedical applications of MNPs. In addition, the development of high magnetic moment MNPs with proper surface functionalization has progressed exponentially over the past decade. Herein, we also reviewed the recent advances in the synthesis and surface coating strategies of MNPs. This review is not only to provide in-depth insights into the different synthesis, biofunctionalization, biosensing, imaging, and therapy methods but also to give an overview of limitations and possibilities of each technology. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanoparticles

Single photonic perceptron based on a soliton crystal Kerr microcomb for high-speed, scalable, optical neural networks

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Xu, Xingyuan Tan, Mengxi Corcoran, Bill Wu, Jiayang Nguyen, Thach G. Boes, Andreas Chu, Sai T. Little, Brent E. Morandotti, Roberto Mitchell, Arnan Hicks, Damien G. Moss, David J. Optical Sciences Centre for Micro-Photonics Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC3122 Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia School of Engineering RMIT University MelbourneVIC3001 Australia Department of Physics and Material Science City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Hong Kong Hong Kong Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Precision Mechanics of CAS Xi’an China INRS-Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet VarennesQCJ3X 1S2 Canada Bioinformatics Division Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research ParkvilleVIC3052 Australia

Optical artificial neural networks (ONNs) — analog computing hardware tailored for machine learning [1, 2] — have significant potential for ultra-high computing speed and energy efficiency [3]. We propose a new approach to architectures for ONNs based on integrated Kerr micro-comb sources [4] that is programmable, highly scalable and capable of reaching ultra-high speeds. We experimentally demonstrate the building block of the ONN — a single neuron perceptron — by mapping synapses onto 49 wavelengths of a micro-comb to achieve a high single-unit throughput of 11.9 Giga-FLOPS at 8 bits per FLOP, corresponding to 95.2 Gbps. We test the perceptron on simple standard benchmark datasets — handwritten-digit recognition and cancer-cell detection — achieving over 90% and 85% accuracy, respectively. This performance is a direct result of the record small wavelength spacing (49GHz) for a coherent integrated microcomb source, which results in an unprecedented number of wavelengths for neuromorphic optics. Finally, we propose an approach to scaling the perceptron to a deep learning network using the same single micro-comb device and standard off-the-shelf telecommunications technology, for high-throughput operation involving full matrix multiplication for applications such as real-time massive data processing for unmanned vehicle and aircraft tracking. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy efficiency

Catalyst-free and morphology-controlled growth of 2D Perovskite nanowires for polarized light detection

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Ghoshal, Debjit Wang, Tianmeng Tsai, Hsin-Zon Chang, Shao-Wen Crommie, Michael Koratkar, Nikhil Shi, Su-Fei Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Department of Physics University of California at Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Department of Material Science and Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States

Two-dimensional (2D) perovskites or Ruddleson Popper (RP) perovskites have emerged as a class of material inheriting the superior optoelectronic properties of two different materials: Perovskites and 2D materials. The large exciton binding energy and natural quantum well structure of 2D perovskite not only make these materials ideal platforms to study light-matter interactions, but also render them suitable for fabrication of various functional optoelectronic devices. Nanoscale structuring and morphology control have led to semiconductors with enhanced functionalities. For example, nanowires of semiconducting materials have been extensively used for important applications like lasing and sensing. Catalyst-assisted Vapor Liquid Solid (VLS) techniques, and template assisted growth, have conventionally been used for nanowire growth. However, catalyst and template-free scalable growth with morphology control of 2D perovskites have remained elusive. In this manuscript, we demonstrate a facile approach for morphology-controlled growth of high-quality nanowires of 2D perovskite, (BA)2PbI4. We demonstrate that the photoluminescence (PL) from the nanowires are highly polarized with a polarization ratio as large as ~ 0.73, which is one of the largest reported for perovskites. We further show that the photocurrent from the device based on the nanowire/graphene heterostructure is also sensitive to the polarization of the incident light with the photocurrent anisotropy ratio of ~3.62 (much larger than the previously reported best value of 2.68 for perovskite nanowires), thus demonstrating the potential of these nanowires as highly efficient photodetectors of polarized light. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photodetectors

A single photonic perceptron based on a soliton crystal microcomb for scalable, high speed, optical neural networks

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TechRxiv

TechRxiv 2020年

作者： Moss, David J. Xu, Xingyuan Tan, Mengxi Wu, Jiayang Morandotti, Roberto Corcoran, Bill Nguyen, Thach G. Boes, Andreas Chu, Sai T. Little, Brent E. Mitchell, Arnan Hicks, Damien G. Optical Sciences Centre for Micro-Photonics Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC3122 Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia School of Engineering RMIT University MelbourneVIC3001 Australia Department of Physics and Material Science City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Hong Kong Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Precision Mechanics of CAS Xi’an China INRS-Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet VarennesQCJ3X 1S2 Canada Bioinformatics Division Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research ParkvilleVIC3052 Australia

关键词： Energy efficiency

A compact structure for realizing Lorentzian, Fano and EIT resonance lineshapes in a microring resonator

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Gu, Linpeng Fang, Hanlin Li, Juntao Fang, Liang Chua, Soo Jin Zhao, Jianlin Gan, Xuetao MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology School of Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an710072 China State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Physics Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou510275 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore117583 Singapore

Microring resonators, as a fundamental building block of photonic integrated circuits, have been well developed into numerous functional devices, whose performances are strongly determined by microring's resonance lineshapes. We propose a compact structure to reliably realize Lorentzian, Fano, and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance lineshapes in a microring. By simply inserting two air-holes in the side-coupled waveguide of a microring, a Fabry-Perot (FP) resonance is involved to couple with microring's resonant modes, showing Lorentzian, Fano, and EIT lineshapes over one free spectral range of the FP resonance. The quality factors, extinction ratios, and slope rates in different lineshapes are discussed. At microring's specific resonant wavelength, the lineshape could be tuned among these three types by controlling the FP cavity's length. Experiment results verify the theoretical analysis well and represent Fano lineshapes with extinction ratios of about 20 dB and slope rates over 280 dB/nm. The reliably and flexibly tunable lineshapes in the compact structure have potentials to improve microring-based devices and expand their application scopes. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Light extinction

Beryllium polyhydride be4h8(h2)2 synthesized at hp/ht

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Matsuoka, Takahiro Fujihisa, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Y Takahiro Nakagawa, Takaya Kuno, Keiji Hirao, Naohisa Ohishi, Yasuo Shimizu, Katsuya Sasaki, Shigeo Department of Electrical Faculty of Engineering Gifu University Electronic and Computer Engineering Gifu501-1193 Japan University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Ibaraki305-8565 Japan Elements Strategy Initiative Center for Magnetic Materials National Institute for Material Science Ibaraki305-0047 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Gifu University Gifu501-1193 Japan Environmental and Renewable Energy Systems Division Gifu University Gifu501-1193 Japan Hyogo679-5198 Japan Center for Science and Technology under Extreme Conditions Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Osaka560-8531 Japan

We report the XRD and Raman scattering measurements in combination with DFT calculations that reveal the formation of beryllium polyhydride Be4H8(H2)2 by laser heating Be/H2 mixture to above 1700 K at pressures between 5 GPa and 8 GPa. The Be4H8(H2)2 crystallizes in a P63/mmc structure and consists of corner-sharing BeH4 tetrahedrons and H2 molecules that are in an interstitial site. The Be4H8(H2)2 is stable at least to 14 GPa on compression and stable down to 4 GPa at room temperature. Our ab-initio calculations suggest that the Be4H8(H2)2 is a meta-stable phase of Be-H system. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Calculations

Energy Conversion: Radio Frequency Driven Heating of Catalytic Reactors for Portable Green Chemistry (Adv. Sustainable Syst. 11/2020)

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Advanced Sustainable Systems 2020年第11期4卷

作者： Nutan Patil Naveen K. Mishra Mohammad A. Saed Micah J. Green Benjamin A. Wilhite Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A&M University 3122 TAMU College Station TX 77843–3122 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas Tech Lubbock TX 79409 USA Department of Material Science and Engineering Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A&M University 3122 TAMU College Station TX 77843–3122 USA

Modernizing Microscopy Data Infrastructure: Data and Metadata Curation

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Microscopy and Microanalysis 2018年第S1期24卷 564-565页

作者： Rachel F. Devers June W. Lau Gretchen Greene Todd Nicholson Phuong Nguyen Steve Konstanty Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD Material Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL

Fabrication and characterization of 3D printed, 3D microelectrode arrays with spin coated insulation and functional electrospun 3D scaffolds for "disease in a dish" and "organ on a chip" models

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Fabrication and characterization of 3D printed, 3D microelec...

2018 Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Workshop, Hilton Head 2018

作者： Azim, Nilab Ausaf, Tariq Kundu, Avra Zhai, Lei Rajaraman, Swaminathan University of Central Florida OrlandoFL32826 United States Department of Chemistry University of Central Florida OrlandoFL32826 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Central Florida OrlandoFL32826 United States Department of Material Science and Engineering University of Central Florida OrlandoFL32826 United States Neo CityFL34744 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781940470030

We demonstrate a new fabrication technology for 3D Microelectrode Arrays (MEAs) to stimulate and record electrophysiological activity from cellular networks in-vitro. Electrospun Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) 3D scaffolds are coupled to the fabricated MEAs which make them fully functional for "disease in a dish" and "organ on a chip" models to promote cell/tissue growth and regeneration. The microfabrication technology involves 3D towers realized by 3D printing and a metallization layer, defined by stencil mask evaporation techniques. Multiple insulation strategies are reported: a drop-casted/spin-coated 3D layer of Polystyrene (PS) and an evaporated layer of SiO2, both of which are laser micromachined to realize the 3D microelectrodes. 5©2018TRF

关键词： Silica