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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Heather J. Breidenbach Virginia Woods Uisub Shin Evan Dastin-van Rijn Mahsa Shoaran Alik S. Widge University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY USA Institute of Electrical and Micro Engineering Neuro-X Institute EPFL Geneva Switzerland

ISBN: (数字)9798350371499

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371505

Recent interest in closed-loop neuromodulation devices has driven development of algorithms capable of real-time biomarker extraction. Synthetic data for tuning algorithmic parameters in various oscillatory cases is a useful tool but must be generated to model realistic neural behavior. We extracted key oscillatory behaviors from rodent LFPs and used this information to create a realistic generation method for synthetic signal production. We then used the generated signals to optimize the feature extraction performance of a real-time feature extraction algorithm. The results of the algorithm testing closely mirrored results from testing on recorded neural LFPs and resembled this real data more closely than a simplistic model of synthetic neural data.

关键词： Biological system modeling Rodents Production Feature extraction Real-time systems Data models Neuromodulation Tuning Testing Synthetic data

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Realtime Particulate Matter and Bacteria Analysis of Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid using Digital Inline Holography

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Bravo-Frank, Nicholas Mesyngier, Nicolas Feng, Lei Hong, Jiarong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota United States Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory University of Minnesota United States Minnesota Robotics Institute University of Minnesota United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Minnesota United States

We developed a digital inline holography (DIH) system integrated with deep learning algorithms for real-time detection of particulate matter (PM) and bacterial contamination in peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids. The system comprises a microfluidic sample delivery module and a DIH imaging module that captures holograms using a pulsed laser and a digital camera with a 40× objective. Our data processing pipeline enhances holograms, reconstructs images, and employs a YOLOv8nbased deep learning model for particle identification and classification, trained on labeled holograms of generic PD particles, Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). The system effectively detected and classified generic particles in sterile PD fluids, revealing diverse morphologies predominantly sized 1–5 µm with an average concentration of 61 particles/µL. In PD fluid samples spiked with high concentrations of E. coli and P. aeruginosa, our system achieved high sensitivity (>90%) in detecting and classifying these bacteria at clinically relevant low false positive rates (~0.5%). Further validation against standard colony-forming unit (CFU) methods using PD fluid spiked with bacterial concentrations from approximately 100 to 10,000 bacteria/mL demonstrated a clear one-to-one correspondence between our measurements and CFU counts. Our DIH system provides a rapid, accurate alternative to traditional culture-based methods for assessing bacterial contamination in PD fluids. By enabling real-time sterility monitoring, it can significantly improve patient outcomes in PD treatment, facilitate point-of-care fluid production, reduce logistical challenges, and be extended to quality control in pharmaceutical production. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Escherichia coli

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Nonlinear Sub-Optimal Control of SIR Infectious Disease Model

Nonlinear Sub-Optimal Control of SIR Infectious Disease Mode...

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Distributed Computing and electrical Circuits and Electronics (ICDCECE), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Samiul Islam Sudipta Paul Md. Abu Hanif Pramanik Srijita Bhattacharjee D. Subbaram Naidu Electrical & Computer Engineering Rajshahi University of Eng. & Tech. Rajshahi Bangladesh Electrical Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute New York USA Electrical Engineering University of Minnesota Duluth Duluth USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350318609

ISBN: (纸本)9798350318616

The Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) disease model is a basic epidemiological framework for analyzing the spread of infectious diseases using various control theories. It plays a vital role in assessing disease control strategies and minimizing the impact of an infectious disease. This paper employs a nonlinear closed-loop infinite-horizon optimal tracking control via state-dependent Riccati equation (IH-SDRE) to the nonlinear SIR model with vaccination, aiming to reduce the number of infected individuals within a desired timeframe. This method, by transforming the nonlinear SIR model into a state-dependent coefficient form, solves the Riccati equation and the vector equation at every time step to determine the control law. The results obtained via MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate that the IH-SDRE minimizes the number of infected populations, reducing it to nearly zero within 30 days of the desired timeframe with an effective vaccination strategy. The findings show the effectiveness of the IH-SDRE as a robust method in the control and mitigation of infectious diseases.

关键词： Epidemics Infectious diseases Computational modeling Riccati equations Mathematical models Vectors Vaccines

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3D Imaging from Passive Scattered Light Using Plenoptic Information

3D Imaging from Passive Scattered Light Using Plenoptic Info...

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3D Image Acquisition and Display: Technology, Perception and Applications, 3D 2022

作者： Leger, James Hashemi, Connor Haupt, Jarvis Lin, Di Luo, Tianqi Sambasivan, Abhinav Sasaki, Takahiro Talghader, Joseph Meyer, Gary Tetzlaff, Michael Paxman, Richard Grossman, Erich Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN United States Maxar YpsilantiMI United States National Institute of Standards and Technology BoulderCO United States

We use plenoptic measurements of visible, infrared, and THz radiation to locate and image objects that are hidden from direct view by detecting their passive radiation scattered from rough surfaces. © 2022 The Au... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171098

关键词： Terahertz waves

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Hierarchical Graph Neural Networks for Proprioceptive 6D Pose Estimation of In-hand Objects

Hierarchical Graph Neural Networks for Proprioceptive 6D Pos...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Alireza Rezazadeh Snehal Dikhale Soshi Iba Nawid Jamali Honda Research Institute USA Inc. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota

Robotic manipulation, in particular in-hand object manipulation, often requires an accurate estimate of the object's 6D pose. To improve the accuracy of the estimated pose, state-of-the-art approaches in 6D object pose estimation use observational data from one or more modalities, e.g., RGB images, depth, and tactile readings. However, existing approaches make limited use of the underlying geometric structure of the object captured by these modalities, thereby, increasing their reliance on visual features. This results in poor performance when presented with objects that lack such visual features or when visual features are simply occluded. Furthermore, current approaches do not take advantage of the proprioceptive information embedded in the position of the fingers. To address these limitations, in this paper: (1) we introduce a hierarchical graph neural network architecture for combining multimodal (vision and touch) data that allows for a geometrically informed 6D object pose estimation, (2) we introduce a hierarchical message passing operation that flows the information within and across modalities to learn a graph-based object representation, and (3) we introduce a method that accounts for the proprioceptive information for in-hand object representation. We evaluate our model on a diverse subset of objects from the YCB Object and Model Set, and show that our method substantially outperforms existing state-of-the-art work in accuracy and robustness to occlusion. We also deploy our proposed framework on a real robot and qualitatively demonstrate successful transfer to real settings.

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Stable Symmetry-Protected Topological Phases in Systems with Heralded Noise

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Physical Review Letters 2025年第1期134卷 010403-010403页

作者： Sanket Chirame Fiona J. Burnell Sarang Gopalakrishnan Abhinav Prem School of Physics and Astronomy University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA School of Natural Sciences Institute for Advanced Study Princeton New Jersey 08540 USA

We present a family of local quantum channels whose steady states exhibit stable mixed-state symmetry-protected topological (SPT) order. Motivated by recent experimental progress on “erasure conversion” techniques that allow one to identify (herald) decoherence processes, we consider open systems with biased erasure noise, which leads to strongly symmetric heralded errors. We utilize this heralding to construct a local correction protocol that effectively confines errors into short-ranged pairs in the steady state. Using a combination of numerical simulations and mean-field analysis, we show that our protocol stabilizes SPT order against a sufficiently low rate of decoherence. As the rate of heralded noise increases, SPT order is eventually lost through a directed percolation transition. We further find that while introducing unheralded errors destroys SPT order in the limit of long length scales and timescales, the correction protocol is sufficient for ensuring that local SPT order persists, with a correlation length that diverges as ξ∼(1−fe)−1/2, where fe is the fraction of errors that are heralded.

关键词： Quantum channel

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Nonlinear Optimal Regulation of SIR Epidemic Model via Finite-Horizon SDRE

Nonlinear Optimal Regulation of SIR Epidemic Model via Finit...

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International Conference on computer and Information Technology (ICCIT)

作者： Sudipta Paul Samiul Islam Desineni Subbaram Naidu Md. Abu Hanif Pramanik Department of Electrical Computer & Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute New York USA Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Bangladesh Department of Electrical Engineering University of Minnesota Duluth USA

A Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) model is a popular and fundamental epidemiological model often used to assess the efficacy of disease prevention and control measures. SIR disease model, with the implementation of various optimal control methods, is investigated to determine the optimal ways to lessen the effects of an infectious disease. In this research work, a non-linear, closed-loop, finite-horizon, optimal regulation with state-dependent Riccati equation (FH-SDRE) is implemented in an epidemic model called SIR model with vaccination to minimize the infected and susceptible population. Given the nonlinear dynamics of the SIR epidemic model, initially, this method converts the nonlinear equations into a state-dependent coefficient (SDC) matrix, which holds the nonlinearities of the dynamical system. After that, SDRE is solved at every small time instant over a specified finite time period. The core idea here is to utilize an approximate analytical approach that transforms the differential Riccati equation (DRE) into a differential Lyapunov equation (DLE) during every time period. Then, the real-time solution of the DLE at each of these time steps will result in the control law required to achieve the desired system performance. The effectiveness of the FH-SDRE regulation for the SIR model is demonstrated by minimizing the infected and susceptible population within a desired 30-day time period.

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Evaluating the thermal performance of perovskite SrSnO3field effect transistors 22

Evaluating the thermal performance of perovskite SrSnO3field...

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22nd InterSociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems, ITherm 2023

作者： Bista, Bivek Golani, Prafful Liu, Fengdeng Truttmann, Tristan Pavlidis, Georges Centrone, Andrea Jalan, Bharat Koester, Steven University of Connecticut Department of Mechanical Engineering StorrsCT06269 United States University of Minnesota Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MinneapolisMN55455 United States University of Minnesota Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science MinneapolisMN55455 United States National Institute of Standards and Technology Physical Measurement Laboratory GaithersburgMD20899 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350321661

Given the ever increasing, global electricity consumption, improving the efficiency and reliability of high-power electronics is of paramount importance. Ultra-wide band gap (> 3.4 eV) semiconductors have shown the potential to be used in the next generation of power electronics due to their high breakdown field and mobility. Specifically, high-quality growth of doped strontium stannate perovskite-oxide (SSO) has been recently demonstrated. The thermal properties of this novel material, however, have not been fully investigated and could be the limiting factor (excessive junction temperatures) to maximize device performance. In this study, high resolution (approx mathbf{410} mathbf{nm}) transient thermoreflectance imaging (TTI) is used to obtain temperature maps of SSO two-terminal devices with varying channel width (mathbf{10} boldsymbol{mu} mathbf{m} to mathbf{20} boldsymbol{mu} mathbf{m}). The results show that the device thermal resistance increases by approx mathbf{21} {%} due to the increase in thermal spreading resistance with channel width. The observed trend is further confirmed via transient thermal analysis where the thermal time constant is shown to increase from mathbf{20}.mathbf{9} boldsymbol{mu}mathbf{s} to mathbf{29}.mathbf{9} boldsymbol{mu}mathbf{s}. Overall, the active layer thicknesses and device geometry (length and width), must be carefully considered to improve device performance and lifetime. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Perovskite

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Sensitive Membrane Resonator Sensor for Sub-Micron Diameter Particle Counting

Sensitive Membrane Resonator Sensor for Sub-Micron Diameter ...

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ISOCS/IEEE International Symposium on Olfaction and Electronic Nose (ISOEN)

作者： A. Jaafar Z. Liu X. Jiang D. Struk P. J. Hesketh F. Ayazi A. Ojha C. Hogan School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN

ISBN: (数字)9798350348651

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348668

This paper describes a sensitive method for particle sensing using a high-order membrane resonator operating at 9.5 MHz. The design makes use of AIN piezoelectric film with a supported disk geometry to provide isolation of the electrical contacts. The frequency shifts measured with known particle deposition are based on a thermophoretic separator. The particle mass flux calculation using the thermophoretic separator are $4.98 \times 10^{-8}$ and $8.24 \times 10^{-8} \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{mm}^{2}$ which was achieved at 50 °C and 70 °C respectively. The sensitivity observed for 50-200 nm diameter particles was 0.9 Hz frequency shift correlating to a 69 fg mass change at 50 °C, and a 1.2 Hz frequency shift correlating to a 92 fg mass change at 70 °C, compared to a theoretical mass sensitivity of 13Hz/pg.

关键词： Piezoelectric films Geometry Sensitivity Particle separators Contacts Resonant frequency Particle measurements

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Large-signal Stability Analysis of Three-phase Grid-following Inverters

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IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 2023年 1-15页

作者： Pal, Diptak Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan Johnson, Brian Venkatramanan, D. Dhople, Sairaj Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India Chandra Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA Department of Energy Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA

This work analytically establishes a multi-variable energy function for a three-phase grid-following inverter leveraging a unified equivalent-circuit model for its physical- and control-layer subsystems. This is a significant contribution to the prior art in which analytical approaches to large-signal stability for inverters have largely been attempted with simplified models. Central to our effort is to cast physical- and control-layer dynamics of each dynamical subsystem as an equivalent circuit consisting of familiar circuit elements adopting a positive-sequence modeling framework. An energy function for the inverter is then constructively synthesized by summing the energy functions across the various subsystems that are readily derived from circuit-theoretic principles. Numerical simulations are presented to validate the equivalent-circuit model of the inverter as well as the efficacy of the synthesized energy function in characterizing large-signal stability following a disturbance. IEEE

关键词： Stability criteria

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