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2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems

作者： L.K. Wang S.-C. Hsieh E.C.-W. Hsueh Fei-Bin Hsaio Kou-Yuan Huang Department of Electrical Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences Kaohsiung Taiwan National Space Program Office Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan County Taiwan Department of Computer and Information Science National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

A well-developed pose estimation scenario suitable for low altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is proposed. By employing dual CCD cameras onboard, the instant pose of UAV can be determined without any use of expensive sensor like gyro. The unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is hereafter introduced to resolve the highly nonlinear system dynamics as well as the measurement process of the pose estimation system. The only measurements recorded are those snapshots of ground targets/landmarks taken by two CCD cameras. The proposed scenario can also detect large angle rotation of UAV. Simulation is conducted via a simple case, both UAV and ground targets are stationary, to show the feasibility and applicability of the proposed scheme. Actual GPS measurement data of ground targets coordinates was recorded for UKF processing. A highlight phenomenon, implied by simulation, reveals that a sudden transition of estimation errors arises at the epoch when the UAV is experiencing a large angle maneuvering up to 180/spl deg/ per second.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles Stereo vision Charge coupled devices Charge-coupled image sensors Nonlinear systems Nonlinear dynamical systems Vehicle dynamics Global Positioning System Coordinate measuring machines Estimation error

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Molecular dynamics simulations of the mechanical strength of Si∕Si3N4 interfaces

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Physical Review B 2005年第9期72卷 094115-094115页

作者： Martina E. Bachlechner Jennifer Zhang Ye Wang Jarrod Schiffbauer Steven R. Knudsen Dimitris Korakakis Physics Department West Virginia University Morgantown West Virginia 26506 USA NASA Independent Verification and Validation Facility Science and Engineering Apprenticeship Program—Morgantown High School Morgantown West Virginia 26501 USA Institute for Scientific Research Inc. Fairmont West Virginia 26555 USA Lane Department for Computer Science and Electrical Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown West Virginia 26506 USA

Molecular dynamics simulations are performed on parallel computers to investigate the crystalline Si(111)∕Si3N4(0001) interface that is modeled as an eight-component system. The average total energy per particle and the average kinetic energy per particle of the subsystems are monitored during the preparation of the system. The Young’s modulus of the interface is compared with that of the silicon part alone and that of the silicon-nitride film, respectively. The results for one extended simulation feature a crack in the silicon-nitride film and dislocated atoms in silicon below the crack. Simulations at rates of strain ranging from 0.00125to0.05ps−1 show that for lower strain rates, the systems stretched faster reach their ultimate strength at a higher strain value than those that were stretched more slowly. At the highest strain rates, however, the failure mechanisms change qualitatively indicative of a more ductile behavior.

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Carbon nanotubes: Anomalous photo-galvanic effect, electromechanical instability, and IR detection

Carbon nanotubes: Anomalous photo-galvanic effect, electrome...

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Frontiers in Optics, FiO 2005

作者： Rakitin, A. Meĺnikov, I.V. Haus, J.W. Aitchison, J.S. Department of Physics and Astronomy York University 4700 Keele Street North York Ontario M3P 1P3 Canada Comtex Consulting Inc 162 Princess Margaret Boulevard Etobicoke Ontario M9B 2Z5 Canada Electro-Optics Program School of Engineering University of Dayton 300 College Park Dayton Ohio 45469-0245 United States The E. S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 10 King's College Road Toronto. Ontario M5S 3G4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)1557527970

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are hollow cylinders composed of one or more concentric layers of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice. CNTs are widely considered as an elemental material for a future nanoelectronic technology. This is not simply due to their small size but rather to their overall properties: CNTs are known to exhibit either metallic or semiconducting behaviour, with the band gap being dependent on the nanotube diameter. Both active devices (transistors) and interconnects can be made out of semiconducting and metallic nanotubes, respectively. The key nanotube dimension, their diameter, is controlled by chemistry, not conventional fabrication. The strong covalent bonding gives the CNTs high mechanical and thermal stability and ability to sustain current densities as high as 10 A/cm2.

关键词： Atoms Carbon nanotubes Chemistry Curvature Infrared detection Scattering

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Parallel processing in a cluster of microcomputers with application in contingency analysis

Parallel processing in a cluster of microcomputers with appl...

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2004 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America

作者： Balduino, Liliane Alves, Antônio César Baleerio Electrical and Computer Engineering in the Postgraduate Program School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Federal University of Goiás Brazil School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Federal University of Goiás Brazil Catholic University of Goiás

ISBN: (纸本)0780387759

This work is about the use of a microcomputer network as a parallel processing environment. In order to allow the communication, the synchronization and the distribution of the tasks among processes, the PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine) and MPI (Message Passing Interface) systems, were used. These computational systems allowed for parallel processing in the area of electric power systems, namely the contingency analysis. This application, usually found in Energy Management Systems, requires the use of a large quantity of resources in a short time. The aim is to analyze thousands of disturbance scenarios, in a preventive mode in real time. Two parallel programming paradigms classified as Master/Slave, in the synchronous and asynchronous modes, were implemented. Case studies with sequential and parallel implementations were carried out to validate the algorithms used to analyze elaborated contingencies, including the use of data from the Interconnected Brazilian Electric Power System, allowing the analysis of single and multiple disturbances. ©2004 IEEE.

关键词： Microcomputers

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Integrated utilities engineering-management MS program

Integrated utilities engineering-management MS program

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IEEE-Power-engineering-Society General Meeting

作者： Barnes, FS Fuchs, EF Tietjen, J Silverstein, J Ko, HY Lockabaugh, T Brown, T Sicker, DC Electrical and Computer Engineering Civ. Environ. and Arch. Engineering United States Interdisc. Telecommunication Program

ISBN: (纸本)0780384652

Electric, water, gas and transportation utilities face severe tasks associated with security, quality, availability, reliability and profitability issues. They must solve interrelated system problems with respect to generation of electricity, transportation of fuel, and potable/waste water. Engineers and managers of utilities must be well versed in the different areas of engineering such as electrical, civil, mechanical, and telecommunications. The University of Colorado addresses this educational opportunity by proposing a novel Integrated Utilities Management program for MS Candidates who have a solid BS background or equivalent in a related discipline. The MS program will consist of four interdisciplinary courses dealing with business, management and legal topics as they relate to federal and state regulatory, as well as agency and people-related leadership issues. The electric utilities option of this program will be centered on three core courses covering generation/transmission/ distribution, security/availability, quality/reliability, economics/ environmental policy, and utility finance. Two elective courses address nuclear power, waste water, solid waste, telecommunications, renewable energy, data communication, fuels and case studies. A capstone course consisting of either operations research or the investigation and resolution of a pending utility project such as the right-of-way of transmission lines, specification of new power plants, retrofitting of power plants or their impact on the environment. Courses will be taught nationwide via the Center for Advanced Training in engineering & computer Science (CATECS) of the University of Colorado.

关键词： engineering education

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Power system blackouts around the world: An overview

Power system blackouts around the world: An overview

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2004 37th Annual Frontiers of Power Conference

作者： Madhurakavi, Srinivas Srinivasan, Hariharasundram Ramakumar, Rama Oklahoma State University Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Electrical Engineering Oklahoma State University Engineering Energy Laboratory Oklahoma State University School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 74078 IEEE Engineering Energy Laboratory Oklahoma State University Stllwater OK 74078-5034

Blackouts are becoming an increasingly common phenomenon in this present day deregulatory environment faced by the power industry. Early detection and prevention of blackouts still remain an unsolved problem to the experts in this area, even with all the advancements in the fields of power system reliability, security and communication technologies. Although blackouts may be initiated by a simple technical malfunction or a vegetation problem, their ultimate impact is so large that it might even hamper a country's socio-economic situation. The August 2003 Blackout in NE United States and the above mentioned reasons have motivated this overview study to catalog the extent, causes and suggested remedies of some of the major blackouts around the world. The possible role of distributed generation to mitigate the impacts of large blackouts is briefly discussed.

关键词： Electric power systems

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Adaptive source and channel re-encoding to maximize tandem link performance

Adaptive source and channel re-encoding to maximize tandem l...

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2004 First International Symposium on Control, Communications and Signal Processing, ISCCSP 2004

作者： Gibson, Jerry D. Wei, Bo Media Arts Technology Program Electrical and Computer Engineering Univ. of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106-6065 Department of Electrical Engineering Southern Methodist University Dallas TX 75275

ISBN: (纸本)0780383796

We investigate the issues in voice communications over tandem heterogeneous network connections which require multiple source decoding/encoding operations. While it is known from speech coding research that tandem connections of different speech coders can extract a substantial performance penalty, it is shown that the use of error concealment and source re-encoding can improve system performance in the presence of channel impairments such as bit errors and packet losses. A new protocol is proposed for wireless LANs that reduces retransmissions and discarded packets, and hence reduces system delay and facilitates packet loss concealment.

关键词： Signal encoding

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Joint time-frequency properties of freak waves

Joint time-frequency properties of freak waves

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The Fourteenth International Offshore and Polar engineering Conference - ISOPE 2004

作者： Kim, Taekhyun Shin, Yong-June Powers, Edward J. Kim, Nungsoo Kim, Cheung Hun Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States Ocean Engineering Program Civil Engineering Department Texas A and M University College Station TX United States

In this paper, we discuss the joint time-frequency properties of a transient freak wave in order to distinguish the freak wave from non-freak waves in a quantitative manner. Exploring the use of an alternative to wavelet-based approaches, joint time-frequency distributions (TFDs), we portray the simultaneous time- and frequency-localized nature of freak waves vs. that of non-freak waves. The knowledge of the TFD, which represents the transient energy distribution over time and frequency in a joint manner, is very powerful as it allows one to calculate various moments and conditional moments in the time and frequency domains. Based on the experimental time series data collected at Texas A&M University, we calculate the instantaneous frequency center, frequency bandwidth and time duration. The instantaneous power spectrum of the freak wave, where the second harmonic component is observed, allows one to interpret the abnormal wave elevation of the freak wave in time domain. Also, the freak wave is characterized by impulsive joint time-frequency properties, i.e., wider instantaneous frequency bandwidth and shorter time duration than the non-freak waves. Copyright © 2004 by The International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers.

关键词： Water waves

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Operation study of bottoming-cycle cogeneration facility

Operation study of bottoming-cycle cogeneration facility

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2004 37th Annual Frontiers of Power Conference

作者： Youn, Luis Lee, Felix Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Program Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville IL 62026

This paper presents the stochastic model for the operation of an on-site bottoming-cycle cogeneration acuity operating under the energy spot prices and in parallel with an electricity provider. Thus, it makes possible to purchase needed electric energy or sell any excess in each time-band. The model assumes the modified Gaussian distribution for loads and binomial distribution for the on-site cogeneration facility.

关键词： Bottoming cycle systems

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computer-controlled multi LAMP array dimmer for an artificial sky dome

Computer-controlled multi LAMP array dimmer for an artificia...

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2004 37th Annual Frontiers of Power Conference

作者： Gedra, Thomas W. An, Seungwon Arsalan, Qamar H. Mansy, Khaled School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK PJM Interconnection Architectural Engineering Program School of Architecture Oklahoma State University Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 74078 PJM Interconnection Norristown PA 19403 School of Architecture Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 74078

Utilization of daylight is one of the most cost-effective energy-conserving strategies in the design and engineering of energy-efficient buildings. Integration between daylight and electric lighting systems in commercial buildings results in a significant reduction in annual energy use and operating cost In conjunction with the School of Architecture we are working on the construction of an artificial sky laboratory so that students can study the effects of various sky conditions on interior illumination levels in buildings due to ambient daylight The array dimmer will control hundreds of light sources. LABVIEW, a National Instruments software product, will be used to develop a user-friendly interface. The design architecture of the array dimmer using micro-controllers and its connection to a PC with a user-friendly LABVIEW interface will be discussed. The user interface will allow the user to load preexisting luminosity data files from the PC, which would then command the array dimmer to duplicate those conditions.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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